A morte em situações de urgência e emergência: a dimensão cuidadora dos profissionais de enfermagem
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2010-02-25
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O tema morte tem sido foco de estudos em diferentes vertentes da ciência, que procura defini-la, dar-lhe significado e entender-lhe o sentido, mobilizando o interesse humano. Ainda assim, o que se observa, nos dias atuais e na cultura ocidental, é a tendência em conceituar a vida de tal maneira que são poucos os espaços que permitem pensar, sentir e vivenciar o processo da morte de forma reflexiva. Além disso, os avanços tecnológicos nos últimos dois séculos forneceram às ciências médicas um pretenso poder sobre os limites entre a vida e a morte, reforçando esse comportamento. Nesse contexto, o hospital pode ser visto como a instituição que abriga as condições para reverter esse processo e esta expectativa pode contribuir com o aumento da ansiedade vivida pelos profissionais da área da saúde. As unidades de urgência e emergência, pela proposta de um atendimento resolutivo e rápido às situações de grande risco de vida, podem ter neste ambiente um processo de trabalho com maior grau de sofrimento.Nesse contexto, o presente estudo teve por objetivo compreender a experiência dos profissionais de enfermagem diante da morte e como esses atores organizam o seu trabalho nessas situações. A investigação foi de natureza qualitativa e possibilitou analisar os discursos de 12 profissionais de enfermagem, sendo 8 auxiliares/técnicos e 4 enfermeiros de um pronto-socorro inserido num hospital universitário de alta complexidade.coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas após a aprovação do Comitê de Ética, parecer OF. 537/08. Os dados foram analisados segundo a proposta de análise de conteúdo de Bardin e à luz de referenciais teóricos sobre a morte e o processo de trabalho em urgência e emergência. Dos resultados emergiram três categorias temáticas: As representações da morte, O processo de luto...
The death has been the focus of studies in different aspects of science, seeking to define it, give it meaning and understand its sense. Still, what is observed, today and in Western culture is the tendency to conceptualize life in such a way that few occasions allow us to think, feel and experience the dying process reflectively. In addition, technological advances in the last two centuries have provided the medical sciences an alleged power over the boundaries between life and death, reinforcing this behavior. In this context, hospitals can be seen as institutions that house the conditions to reverse this process and this expectation may contribute to increased anxiety experienced by health professionals. Emergency and urgency care units, because of their purpose to quickly solve high risk problems and situations may have to perform their services in an environment with a greatly increased degree of suffering. In this context, this study aims to understand the experience of nursing professionals facing death and how they organize their work under these conditions. The present was qualitative research and enabled to analyze reports from twelve (12) nursing professionals, eight (8) of them were assistants/technicians and four (4) were nurses in an emergency room of a high complexity university hospital. The data were collected in semi-structured interviews after the approval of the Ethics Committee. They were analyzed following Bardin`s content analysis with an approach based on theoretical references on death and the procedures in emergency rooms. The results revealed three themes: a) The representations of death, b) The family`s grieving process and c) The work organization under urgency and emergency. Thus, there have been numerous coping strategies, both individual and collective, trying to minimize the anxiety caused by death and work... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The death has been the focus of studies in different aspects of science, seeking to define it, give it meaning and understand its sense. Still, what is observed, today and in Western culture is the tendency to conceptualize life in such a way that few occasions allow us to think, feel and experience the dying process reflectively. In addition, technological advances in the last two centuries have provided the medical sciences an alleged power over the boundaries between life and death, reinforcing this behavior. In this context, hospitals can be seen as institutions that house the conditions to reverse this process and this expectation may contribute to increased anxiety experienced by health professionals. Emergency and urgency care units, because of their purpose to quickly solve high risk problems and situations may have to perform their services in an environment with a greatly increased degree of suffering. In this context, this study aims to understand the experience of nursing professionals facing death and how they organize their work under these conditions. The present was qualitative research and enabled to analyze reports from twelve (12) nursing professionals, eight (8) of them were assistants/technicians and four (4) were nurses in an emergency room of a high complexity university hospital. The data were collected in semi-structured interviews after the approval of the Ethics Committee. They were analyzed following Bardin`s content analysis with an approach based on theoretical references on death and the procedures in emergency rooms. The results revealed three themes: a) The representations of death, b) The family`s grieving process and c) The work organization under urgency and emergency. Thus, there have been numerous coping strategies, both individual and collective, trying to minimize the anxiety caused by death and work... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Palavras-chave
Doentes hospitalizados - Cuidados, Cuidados de enfermagem, Morte - Aspectos psicologicos, Emergência - Cuidados, Emergency nursing, Hospital
Como citar
TOME, Luciana Yoshie. A morte em situações de urgência e emergência: a dimensão cuidadora dos profissionais de enfermagem. 2010. 145 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2010.