Impacto de uma intervenção dirigida à capacitação de agentes comunitários da saúde em aleitamento materno
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Data
2008-07-31
Autores
Machado, Maria Cristina Heinzle da Silva [UNESP]
Título da Revista
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O agente comunitário da saúde (ACS), por suas atribuições e processo de trabalho, encontra-se em posição privilegiada para se envolver com a promoção e o apoio ao aleitamento materno (AM). Reconhecendo a necessidade de qualificá-los para esse papel, avaliou-se o impacto de uma ação educativa (AE) sobre conhecimentos e práticas relativos ao AM de ACS do município de Botucatu/SP. Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção, com comparação da situação antes e depois, sem grupo controle. Não houve cálculo amostral, os 71 ACS foram considerados elegíveis e convidados a participar. Considerando os que responderam à primeira entrevista, participaram dos quatro encontros da ação educativa e responderam à segunda entrevista, chegou-se à população do estudo, 54 ACS. Foi construído um questionário sobre características dos ACS; sensibilização para o tema; fisiologia, manejo e práticas relacionadas com a amamentação. Após pré-teste e análise de consistência das questões (Alfa-Cronbach de 0,59), dois entrevistadores, treinados, colheram os dados antes e 60 dias após a intervenção. A AE (32h) fundamentou-se em princípios do Construtivismo e da Aprendizagem Significativa, e teve como referenciais técnicos dois cursos de capacitação em AM da OMS/UNICEF. As distribuições de freqüências de ACS, segundo suas respostas antes e depois da capacitação, foram comparadas e submetidas ao teste do Qui-quadrado, adotando-se p< 0,05 como nível crítico. Foram criadas variáveis para sintetizar os efeitos da AE: escores de conhecimentos (0-31), de práticas (0-20) e totais (0-51), comparados em termos de médias, sendo a significância avaliada pelo teste T-Student. A AE foi avaliada também, sob a perspectiva dos ACS. Destacam-se os seguintes resultados: para 16 das 26 questões objetivas sobre conhecimentos houve aumento significativo da freqüência de respostas adequadas...
The Community Health Agents, due to their responsibilities and type of work find themselves in an advantageous position, to encourage baby breast feeding among mothers with newly born babies. Considering the need for good qualification of the Community Health Agents people for this task, a training course was set up both theory and practice on breast feeding matters for Community Health Agents personnel in the Botucatu Municipal region / SP. The intervention study was founded on a comparison, of the situation before and after training, with no control of groups, sample calculations, or selection of participants, so all 71 Community Health Agents were considered legible and invited to participate. Taking in to account the number that answered the first interview, the number that took part in the four training sessions and replied the second interview, gave us the number of actual participants 54 Community Health Agents. A questionnaire was elaborated, covering the characteristics of the Community Health Agents their interest on the subject, physiology, practice and handling related to feeding. After a trial run and analysis of the consistency of the answers (Alfa-Cronbach of 0.59) two trained interviewers collected data for sixty days before and sixty days after intervention. The training course (32h) was based on Constructivism principles as well as significant rate of learning, and made use of technical reference material of two training courses of breast feeding from OMS / UNICEF. The attendance figures for Community Health Agents compared to replies before and after training, were compared and checked by Q-Square, using p<0,05 as critical level. Variables were introduced, to test the effects of training course: scores of knowledge (0-31) of practice (0-20) giving a total (0-51) when compared in terms of averages, the significance evaluated by the Student T-test... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The Community Health Agents, due to their responsibilities and type of work find themselves in an advantageous position, to encourage baby breast feeding among mothers with newly born babies. Considering the need for good qualification of the Community Health Agents people for this task, a training course was set up both theory and practice on breast feeding matters for Community Health Agents personnel in the Botucatu Municipal region / SP. The intervention study was founded on a comparison, of the situation before and after training, with no control of groups, sample calculations, or selection of participants, so all 71 Community Health Agents were considered legible and invited to participate. Taking in to account the number that answered the first interview, the number that took part in the four training sessions and replied the second interview, gave us the number of actual participants 54 Community Health Agents. A questionnaire was elaborated, covering the characteristics of the Community Health Agents their interest on the subject, physiology, practice and handling related to feeding. After a trial run and analysis of the consistency of the answers (Alfa-Cronbach of 0.59) two trained interviewers collected data for sixty days before and sixty days after intervention. The training course (32h) was based on Constructivism principles as well as significant rate of learning, and made use of technical reference material of two training courses of breast feeding from OMS / UNICEF. The attendance figures for Community Health Agents compared to replies before and after training, were compared and checked by Q-Square, using p<0,05 as critical level. Variables were introduced, to test the effects of training course: scores of knowledge (0-31) of practice (0-20) giving a total (0-51) when compared in terms of averages, the significance evaluated by the Student T-test... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Amamentação, Agente comunitário de Saúde, Enfermagem de saúde pública
Como citar
MACHADO, Maria Cristina Heinzle da Silva. Impacto de uma intervenção dirigida à capacitação de agentes comunitários da saúde em aleitamento materno. 2008. 122 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2008.