Determinação do período residual de fungicidas protetor e sistêmico para o controle de Guignardia citricarpa em frutos cítricos
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Data
2009-02-05
Autores
Motta, Rachel Rattis [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivos monitorar a quantidade de resíduo existente em frutos de laranjeira ‘Valência’ dos fungicidas oxicloreto de cobre, tiofanato metílico e pyraclostrobin, como também determinar a capacidade protetora e fungistática (oxicloreto de cobre) e a capacidade preventiva e curativa (tiofanato metílico e pyraclostrobin) no controle da mancha preta dos frutos cítricos (MPC). No primeiro experimento, aproximadamente 1000 frutos, previamente ensacados, foram primeiramente imersos nas caldas fungicidas e posteriormente inoculados com conídios de Guignardia citricarpa em intervalos regulares de 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias após a aplicação do fungicida, para o oxicloreto de cobre e de 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 e 56 dias após a aplicação do fungicida, para o tiofanato metílico e pyraclostrobin. No segundo experimento, aproximadamente 1000 frutos, previamente ensacados, foram primeiramente inoculados e posteriormente tratados por imersão com os respectivos fungicidas nos mesmos intervalos regulares. Foram utilizados 16 frutos por período de inoculações e oito frutos por período de aplicação do fungicida. Para o primeiro experimento, oito frutos foram utilizados para a realização das análises de resíduo e outros oito frutos deixados na planta até a época da colheita. Para o segundo experimento, somente avaliou-se a incidência da doença e severidade na colheita. As análises de resíduos foram realizadas por técnicas de Espectrofotometria de Absorção Atômica na superfície dos frutos, para o oxicloreto de cobre e de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência acoplada ao detector de massas/massas (CLAE - EM/EM) na superfície e casca dos frutos, para o tiofanato metílico e na superfície, casca e polpa dos frutos para o pyraclostrobin. Na época da colheita, os frutos foram avaliados quanto à incidência, severidade...
The objectives of this study were: (i) measure the amount of residues of copper oxychloride, methyl thiophanate and pyraclostrobin in 'Valencia’ sweet orange fruits after their application; (ii) to evaluate the protective and fungistatic capacity of copper oxychloride and (iii) to evaluate the preventive and curative capacity of systemic fungicides methyl thiophanate and pyraclostrobin for the control of citrus black spot (CBS). Two experiments were carried out, in the first on 1.000 fruits were first immersed in the fungicides and then inoculated with conidia of Guignardia citricarpa at regular intervals of 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days, for the copper oxychloride and 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days for methyl thiophanate and pyraclostrobin. In the second experiment, on 1.000 fruits were first inoculated with conidia of G. citricarpa and then treated by immersion with the fungicides in the same regular intervals as described. Sixteen fruits were used for each period of inoculations and eight fruits per application. For the first experiment, eight fruits were used for analysis of residues and eight fruits were left in the plant until harvesting to evaluate disease incidence and severity. For the second experiment it was evaluate only disease incidence and severity in the harvest. Analysis of residues were performed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry on the fruits surface, for copper oxychloride and High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to the detector mass/mass (HPLC - MS / MS) on the fruits surface and peel for the methyl thiophanate, and on the fruits surface, peel and pulp for the fungicide pyraclostrobin. Under conditions of high inoculum pressure, copper oxychloride showed limited protective capacity and no fungistatic capacity. Residues found on the fruits surface were directly related to the fruits growth. Methyl thiophanate was converted on its metabolite... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The objectives of this study were: (i) measure the amount of residues of copper oxychloride, methyl thiophanate and pyraclostrobin in 'Valencia’ sweet orange fruits after their application; (ii) to evaluate the protective and fungistatic capacity of copper oxychloride and (iii) to evaluate the preventive and curative capacity of systemic fungicides methyl thiophanate and pyraclostrobin for the control of citrus black spot (CBS). Two experiments were carried out, in the first on 1.000 fruits were first immersed in the fungicides and then inoculated with conidia of Guignardia citricarpa at regular intervals of 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days, for the copper oxychloride and 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days for methyl thiophanate and pyraclostrobin. In the second experiment, on 1.000 fruits were first inoculated with conidia of G. citricarpa and then treated by immersion with the fungicides in the same regular intervals as described. Sixteen fruits were used for each period of inoculations and eight fruits per application. For the first experiment, eight fruits were used for analysis of residues and eight fruits were left in the plant until harvesting to evaluate disease incidence and severity. For the second experiment it was evaluate only disease incidence and severity in the harvest. Analysis of residues were performed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry on the fruits surface, for copper oxychloride and High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to the detector mass/mass (HPLC - MS / MS) on the fruits surface and peel for the methyl thiophanate, and on the fruits surface, peel and pulp for the fungicide pyraclostrobin. Under conditions of high inoculum pressure, copper oxychloride showed limited protective capacity and no fungistatic capacity. Residues found on the fruits surface were directly related to the fruits growth. Methyl thiophanate was converted on its metabolite... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Frutas citricas, Cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, Citrus sinensis, Phyllosticta citricarpa, Pinta preta dos citros, Citrus fruit
Como citar
MOTTA, Rachel Rattis. Determinação do período residual de fungicidas protetor e sistêmico para o controle de Guignardia citricarpa em frutos cítricos. 2009. x, 70 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2009.