A educação infantil brasileira: concepções psicológicas sobre infância e sua educação e interesses político-econômicos
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Data
2005-12-20
Autores
Alves, Cleber Consoni [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo estudar a educação infantil brasileira, destacando os realinhamentos legislativos e pedagógicos que se sucederam, em relação à primeira etapa da educação básica, a partir da consolidação do processo de redemocratização, ocorrido na década de 1980. Cabe salientar que estas mudanças foram referendadas na Constituição Federal de 1988 e na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Brasileira de 1996. Após este percurso, chegou-se à conclusão de que, assim como em outras áreas, também em relação à educação infantil brasileira, alguns fatos são recorrentes e reeditados constantemente, dentre os quais se pode destacar: a crença de que, com relação às crianças menores de 4 anos, tanto melhor que fiquem com suas mães, sendo a educação infantil um recurso extremo; a divisão do atendimento em pré-escola e creche, como forma de se privilegiar o primeiro em detrimento do segundo; a concepção de que a educação infantil, principalmente das crianças menores, se configura como um privilégio à mãe trabalhadora e não como direito; a concepção utilitária do ensino pré-escolar como preparatório para o ensino fundamental, ou seja, realizando uma alfabetização precoce e, por fim, o fato de repetidas vezes o ensino infantil ter sido preterido em nome da ampliação do ensino fundamental, o que ainda está mantido, mesmo após a criação do FUNDEB.
The aim of the present paper was to study the Brazilian infant education, spotting the legislative and pedagogical realignments which took place, with reference to the first phase of basic education, from the consolidation of the redemocratization process, ocurred in the 1980's. It must be emphasized that these changes were referended in the 1988 Federal Constitution and in the Directives and Bases Law of Braziian education, 1996. After that, it was concluded that, as in other areas, also in relation to the Brazilian infant education, some facts are recurrent and reissued constantly, among which we can spot the following: the belief that in relation to 4 year old children and under, the care of the mother is preferential and the infant education considered as a last alternative; the division of care in pre-school and kindengarden , as a form of a privilege of the former in detriment to the latter; the conception that the infant education, mainly for young children, is seen as a privilege to the mother who works and not as a right; the utilitary conception of the pre-school teaching as a preparation for school itself, performing an early reading and writing instruction and finally the fact that for consecutive times has the infant education been neglected in the name of the improvement of basic education, which is still being kept, even after the advent of FUNDEB.
The aim of the present paper was to study the Brazilian infant education, spotting the legislative and pedagogical realignments which took place, with reference to the first phase of basic education, from the consolidation of the redemocratization process, ocurred in the 1980's. It must be emphasized that these changes were referended in the 1988 Federal Constitution and in the Directives and Bases Law of Braziian education, 1996. After that, it was concluded that, as in other areas, also in relation to the Brazilian infant education, some facts are recurrent and reissued constantly, among which we can spot the following: the belief that in relation to 4 year old children and under, the care of the mother is preferential and the infant education considered as a last alternative; the division of care in pre-school and kindengarden , as a form of a privilege of the former in detriment to the latter; the conception that the infant education, mainly for young children, is seen as a privilege to the mother who works and not as a right; the utilitary conception of the pre-school teaching as a preparation for school itself, performing an early reading and writing instruction and finally the fact that for consecutive times has the infant education been neglected in the name of the improvement of basic education, which is still being kept, even after the advent of FUNDEB.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação de crianças, Educação e Estado, Políticas públicas educacionais, Legislação educacional, Childhood, Public educational policies, Educational legislation
Como citar
ALVES, Cleber Consoni. A educação infantil brasileira: concepções psicológicas sobre infância e sua educação e interesses político-econômicos. 2005. 236 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, 2005.