Estresse e a formação médica: implicações na saúde mental dos estudantes
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Data
2005-04-04
Autores
Guimarães, Katia Burle dos Santos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a prevalência de estresse no estudante de Medicina. A Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA) foi escolhida por utilizar, desde 1997, no lugar do método tradicional, uma nova metodologia de ensino, a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP). Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram quatrocentos e treze estudantes, do ano de 2003, equivalente a 87,5% dos estudantes matriculados naquele ano. Foi aplicado o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp aos sujeitos da pesquisa durante os meses de abril a outubro de 2003. Observou-se a presença de estresse em 57,83% dos estudantes. A prevalência de estresse foi menor nos estudantes do primeiro ano em relação aos estudantes dos demais anos, e essas diferenças foram estatisticamente significantes. A prevalência de estresse foi maior no gênero feminino em relação ao masculino (p < 0,05). Nos estudantes que apresentaram estresse, 63,71% apresentaram predominância de sintomas psíquicos, 24,05% de sintomas físicos e 12,24% sem predominância. Nos estudantes que apresentaram estresse, 88,19% encontravam-se na fase de resistência, 4,64% na fase de alerta, 5,06% na fase de quase exaustão e 2,11% na fase de exaustão. Esses resultados sugerem que o curso médico é um agente estressor, mesmo numa faculdade que utiliza em seu currículo a ABP e, também, que há uma associação maior entre o estresse e o gênero feminino. Os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa fazem considerar a necessidade de repensar o ensino médico, dando condições ao estudante de aprender a lidar com o estresse causado pelo curso, pois a maioria dos estudantes ainda se encontra na fase de resistência, portanto, sem uma doença instalada.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of stress among medical students of the Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA). This institution was chosen as it utilizes the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method of teaching, instead of the traditional one since 1997. The research subjects were four hundred and thirteen students, equivalent to 87.5% of all registered the students in 2003. Between April and October of this year was applied to the research subjects the Lipp's Inventory of Symptoms of Stress for Adults. It was observed the presence of stress on 57.83% the students. The prevalence of stress was minor in the sophomore students in relations to those of the other years, and these differences were significant. The prevalence of stress was higher on the female genus comparing to the male genus (p < 0.05). Of the students that presented stress 63.71% presented predominance of psychic symptoms, 24.05% physical symptoms, and 12.24% with no predominance. On the students that presented stress, 88.19% were on the resistance phase, 4.64% on the alert phase, 5.06% on the almost exhausted phase and 2.11% on the exhausted phase. These results suggest that the medical course is a stressor agent; even in a College that utilizes on its curriculum the PBL, as well as there is an association between the stress and the female genus. The results obtained in this research make us to considerer the possibility of acting on the medical teaching, giving conditions for the student to learn to struggle with the stress caused by the course, as the majority of the students still are on the resistance phase, consequently, without an installed disease.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of stress among medical students of the Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA). This institution was chosen as it utilizes the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method of teaching, instead of the traditional one since 1997. The research subjects were four hundred and thirteen students, equivalent to 87.5% of all registered the students in 2003. Between April and October of this year was applied to the research subjects the Lipp's Inventory of Symptoms of Stress for Adults. It was observed the presence of stress on 57.83% the students. The prevalence of stress was minor in the sophomore students in relations to those of the other years, and these differences were significant. The prevalence of stress was higher on the female genus comparing to the male genus (p < 0.05). Of the students that presented stress 63.71% presented predominance of psychic symptoms, 24.05% physical symptoms, and 12.24% with no predominance. On the students that presented stress, 88.19% were on the resistance phase, 4.64% on the alert phase, 5.06% on the almost exhausted phase and 2.11% on the exhausted phase. These results suggest that the medical course is a stressor agent; even in a College that utilizes on its curriculum the PBL, as well as there is an association between the stress and the female genus. The results obtained in this research make us to considerer the possibility of acting on the medical teaching, giving conditions for the student to learn to struggle with the stress caused by the course, as the majority of the students still are on the resistance phase, consequently, without an installed disease.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Stress (Psicologia), Saude mental, Estudantes de medicina, Formação profissional, Mental health, Medical student, Under graduation course
Como citar
GUIMARÃES, Katia Burle dos Santos. Estresse e a formação médica: implicações na saúde mental dos estudantes. 2005. 110 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, 2005.