Produção de biodiesel etílico com uso de lipases extracelulares de fungos termofílicos
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Data
2011-10-28
Autores
Ohe, Thiago Hideyuki Kobe [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A produção de biodiesel por catálise enzimática tem sido uma área de grande investigação, vários pesquisadores vem tentando otimizar diferentes parâmetros da reação de transesterificação, o tipo e a concentração da enzima utilizada, a razão molar álcool:óleo:água, temperatura, pH, tipo de solvente e ácidos graxos livres são alguns fatores importantes que influenciam esse tipo de reação. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal a produção de biodiesel por transesterificação de óleos vegetais com etanol anidro e hidratado utilizando cepas fúngicas termofílicas e lipase comercial em diferentes condições estequiométricas, tempo, teor de água, temperatura, agitação, superfície de contato e irradiação de ultrassom. As linhagens fúngicas Myceliophthora sp F2.1.3 e Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 foram selecionadas através da detecção de atividade lipolítica em placas de Petri com ágar e Rodamina B. Os extratos enzimáticos foram obtidos por fermentação em estado sólido para determinação das atividades de hidrólise e esterificação. E as imobilizações das hifas dos fungos Myceliophthora sp F2.1.3 e Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 foram realizadas em bucha vegetal, bagaço de cana de açúcar e farelo de soja e as imobilizações de lipases em quitosana. Os microrganismos Myceliophthora sp F2.1.3 e Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 apresentaram maiores atividades de hidrólise com as hifas imobilizadas em bagaço de cana de açúcar, 12 e 6 U/g, respectivamente. Nos ensaios para determinação da atividade de xv esterificação a hifa imobilizada em bagaço de cana de açúcar do Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 apresentou atividade de 107 U/g. A produção de biodiesel etílico foi realizada utilizando-se a enzima comercial LTL e as hifas imobilizadas em farelo de soja do fungo Thermomyces...
Biodiesel production by enzymatic catalysis have been widely area of research, several researchers have been trying to optimize different parameters of the transesterification reaction, source and concentration of enzyme, molar ratio of alcohol:oil:water, temperature, pH, type of solvent and free fatty acids are some important factor that influence this type of reaction. The main goal of the present work is the production of biodiesel by transesterification of vegetable oils with ethanol anhydrous and hydrated using thermophilic fungal strains and commercial lipase in different stoichiometric conditions, time, water content, temperature, stirring, surface contact and ultrasound irradiation. Strains of Myceliophthora sp F2.1.3 and Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 were screened by detection of lipolytic activity in Petri dishes with agar and Rhodamine B. Lipases were obtained by solid state fermentation and their hydrolysis and esterification activities was determined. The hyphae immobilization of Myceliophthora sp F2.1.3 and Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 was performed in loofah vegetable, sugar cane bagasse and soybean bran and lipase immobilization on chitosan. Microorganisms Myceliophthora sp F2.1.3 and Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 showed higher hydrolysis activities with the hyphae immobilized in sugarcane bagasse, 12 and 6 U/g, respectively. The hyphae immobilized in sugar cane bagasse from Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 showed sterification activity of 107 U/g. The production of ethylic biodiesel was performed using commercial enzyme LTL and immobilized hyphae in soybean bran from Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05, wich showed higher transesterification yield. Yields above 10% were obtained with immobilized hyphae in soybean bran from Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 in biodiesel... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Biodiesel production by enzymatic catalysis have been widely area of research, several researchers have been trying to optimize different parameters of the transesterification reaction, source and concentration of enzyme, molar ratio of alcohol:oil:water, temperature, pH, type of solvent and free fatty acids are some important factor that influence this type of reaction. The main goal of the present work is the production of biodiesel by transesterification of vegetable oils with ethanol anhydrous and hydrated using thermophilic fungal strains and commercial lipase in different stoichiometric conditions, time, water content, temperature, stirring, surface contact and ultrasound irradiation. Strains of Myceliophthora sp F2.1.3 and Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 were screened by detection of lipolytic activity in Petri dishes with agar and Rhodamine B. Lipases were obtained by solid state fermentation and their hydrolysis and esterification activities was determined. The hyphae immobilization of Myceliophthora sp F2.1.3 and Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 was performed in loofah vegetable, sugar cane bagasse and soybean bran and lipase immobilization on chitosan. Microorganisms Myceliophthora sp F2.1.3 and Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 showed higher hydrolysis activities with the hyphae immobilized in sugarcane bagasse, 12 and 6 U/g, respectively. The hyphae immobilized in sugar cane bagasse from Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 showed sterification activity of 107 U/g. The production of ethylic biodiesel was performed using commercial enzyme LTL and immobilized hyphae in soybean bran from Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05, wich showed higher transesterification yield. Yields above 10% were obtained with immobilized hyphae in soybean bran from Thermomyces lanuginosus TO-05 in biodiesel... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Enzimas de fungos - Aplicações industriais, Microbiologia industrial, Biodiesel, Fungos termofilicos, Ethylic biodiesel
Como citar
OHE, Thiago Hideyuki Kobe. Produção de biodiesel etílico com uso de lipases extracelulares de fungos termofílicos. 2011. 92 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2011.