Determinação de acetaldeído e formaldeído em água de chuva e suas correlações com carbono orgânico dissolvido em uma região canavieira: Daniely de Godoy Silva. -
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Data
2013-04-01
Autores
Silva, Daniely de Godoy [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A chuva é um mecanismo fundamental para a remoção de substâncias da atmosfera, cuja análise pode trazer informações importantes sobre a composição química da baixa troposfera local-regional. Neste trabalho, amostras de água de chuva foram coletadas no Instituto de Química de Araraquara, de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2012. A determinação de carbono orgânico dissolvido (COD) e carbono orgânico não purgável (CONP) foi feita pelo analisador de carbono e a quantificação de AA e FA por derivatização com a solução ácida 2,4-DNPH, em que as respectivas hidrazonas formadas foram determinadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) com detecção em 360 nm. O pH apresentou uma média ponderada pelo volume (MPV) de 5,6 (n= 107) e uma boa correlação com o íon Ca2+ (r= 0,5809), indicando que a ressuspensão do solo pode ter contribuído para neutralizar parte da acidez. A MPV das concentrações de K+ e Ca2+ foi de 3,9 (n= 106) e 4,8 (n= 105) μmol L-1, respectivamente, sendo que a concentração de K+ apresentou variação sazonal, com um aumento no período de safra da cana-deaçúcar, indicando a sua importante fonte na queima de biomassa. A MPV de COD (n= 118) encontrada em Araraquara foi de 263 ± 30 μmol L-1 sendo superior no período de safra da cana-de-açúcar (314 ± 46 μmol L-1; n= 74) do que no período de entressafra (182 ± 24 μmol L-1; n= 44). As concentrações de COD em Araraquara apresentaram correlações lineares significativas com K+ (0,8098) e com Ca2+ (0,6972), indicando que a queima de biomassa e a ressuspensão do solo são importantes fontes de emissão de carbono orgânico para a atmosfera. As concentrações de COD foram sempre superiores nos primeiros milímetros de chuva quando comparadas com o evento completo. Porém, o COD teve uma queda menos...
The rain is a fundamental mechanism for the removal of substances from the atmosphere, which analysis can provide important information on the local-regional composition. In this work, samples of rainwater were collected at the Institute of Chemistry of Araraquara, from January 2008 to December 2012. Determination of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and non purgeable organic carbon (NPOC) was made by carbon analyzer and AA and FA were quantified after derivatization with acid solution of 2,4-DNPH, where the respective hydrazones formed were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with detection at 360 nm wavelength. The pH presented a volume weighted average (VWA) of 5.6 (n= 107) and presented significant correlation with Ca2+ (r = 0.5809) indicating that soil resuspension may have contributed to neutralization of part of the acidity. The VWA of K+ and Ca2+ concentration was 3.9 (n = 106) and 4.8 (n = 105) μmol L-1, respectively,and the concentration of K+ showed seasonal variation, with an increase during the period of sugarcane harvest, indicating its major source in biomass burning. The MPV DOC (n = 118) found in Araraquara was 263 ± 30 μmol L-1 being higher during the harvest of sugar cane (314 ± 46 μmol L-1, n = 74) than in nonharvest period (182 ± 24 μmol L-1, n = 44). The concentrations of DOC in Araraquara showed significant linear correlations with K+ (0.8098) and Ca2+ (0.6972), indicating that biomass burning and soil resuspension are important sources of organic carbon to the atmosphere. DOC concentrations were always higher in the first millimeters of rain in comparison with the entire event. However, the DOC had a less steep decrease, indicating that these species are removed from the atmosphere by the process of below cloud and in cloud. The percentage... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The rain is a fundamental mechanism for the removal of substances from the atmosphere, which analysis can provide important information on the local-regional composition. In this work, samples of rainwater were collected at the Institute of Chemistry of Araraquara, from January 2008 to December 2012. Determination of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and non purgeable organic carbon (NPOC) was made by carbon analyzer and AA and FA were quantified after derivatization with acid solution of 2,4-DNPH, where the respective hydrazones formed were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with detection at 360 nm wavelength. The pH presented a volume weighted average (VWA) of 5.6 (n= 107) and presented significant correlation with Ca2+ (r = 0.5809) indicating that soil resuspension may have contributed to neutralization of part of the acidity. The VWA of K+ and Ca2+ concentration was 3.9 (n = 106) and 4.8 (n = 105) μmol L-1, respectively,and the concentration of K+ showed seasonal variation, with an increase during the period of sugarcane harvest, indicating its major source in biomass burning. The MPV DOC (n = 118) found in Araraquara was 263 ± 30 μmol L-1 being higher during the harvest of sugar cane (314 ± 46 μmol L-1, n = 74) than in nonharvest period (182 ± 24 μmol L-1, n = 44). The concentrations of DOC in Araraquara showed significant linear correlations with K+ (0.8098) and Ca2+ (0.6972), indicating that biomass burning and soil resuspension are important sources of organic carbon to the atmosphere. DOC concentrations were always higher in the first millimeters of rain in comparison with the entire event. However, the DOC had a less steep decrease, indicating that these species are removed from the atmosphere by the process of below cloud and in cloud. The percentage... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Quimica analitica, Chuvas, Ar - Poluição, Atmosfera, Atmosphere
Como citar
SILVA, Daniely de Godoy. Determinação de acetaldeído e formaldeído em água de chuva e suas correlações com carbono orgânico dissolvido em uma região canavieira: Daniely de Godoy Silva. -. 2013. 88 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Química de Araraquara, 2013.