Deus abençoe a América: religião, política e relações internacionais dos Estados Unidos
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Data
2011-06-29
Autores
Mateo, Luiza Rodrigues [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A religião tem exercido uma influência multidirecional no plano internacional através de movimentos transnacionais e conflitos étnico-nacionais, formatação de identidades e legitimação política que perfazem o ressurgimento do sagrado que caracteriza o século XXI como pós-secular. Diante deste quadro, questiona-se a negligência dirigida ao tema religioso pela disciplina das Relações Internacionais, situando tanto os impasses teóricos como as possibilidades analíticas abertas contemporaneamente. A escolha dos Estados Unidos como estudo de caso se deve ao caráter extremamente devoto da população e sua relevância na construção do “espírito americano”. Os mitos fundacionais protestantes ajudam a entender a celebração da pátria contida na religião civil. De tempos em tempos, momentos de despertar religioso varreram os Estados Unidos, moldando seu dinâmico mercado religioso e o vigor evangélico engajado que caracteriza a atual “igreja americana”. Recentes mudanças no protestantismo trouxeram nova dinâmica para a intersecção entre religião e política, colocando em questão as bases do secularismo institucional dos Estados Unidos. Por muito tempo na história americana, a sociedade religiosa e o governo secular coexistiram e se reforçaram mutuamente. O muro de separação entre Igreja e Estado e a liberdade religiosa são valores fundamentais da república defendidos desde o século XVIII pelos pais fundadores. Na segunda metade do século XX, contudo, grupos religiosos articulados em torno de uma agenda conservadora começaram a influenciar o debate sobre questões morais como aborto e direitos homossexuais, e mobilizar os fiéis para as eleições locais e federais. Nota-se, também, padrões como a “lacuna de frequência religiosa” e a retórica religiosa de líderes políticos, que traduzem a nova investida da religião no espaço público americano. O...
Religion has played a multidirectional influence on the international stage through transnational movements and ethno-national conflicts, formatting and political legitimation of identities that make up the resurgence of the sacred which characterizes the twenty-first century as post-secular. Given this situation, we question the negligence led to the religious theme for the International Relations discipline, closing both the theoretical impasses as the analytical possibilities opened contemporaneously. The choice of the United States as a case study is due to its extremely devout population and its relevance in the construction of the American spirit. Protestant foundational myths help to understand the country celebration contained in the civil religion. From time to time, moments of religious revival swept the United States, casting his dynamic religious marketplace and committed evangelical force that characterizes the current American church. Recent changes in Protestantism brought a new dynamic for the intersection between religion and politics, calling into question the institutional foundations of secularism in the United States. For a long time in American history, religious society and secular government coexisted and mutually reinforced. The wall of separation between church and state and freedom of religion are fundamental valuesof the Republic, defended since the eighteenth century by the founding fathers. In the second half of the twentieth century, however, religious groups structured around a conservative agenda, began to influence the debate on moral issues like abortion and gay rights, and mobilize the faithful to the local and federal elections. We can note, also, patterns such as the “religious attendance gap” and the religious rhetoric of political leaders which reflect the new thrust of religion in American public space. This work’s focus lies in ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Religion has played a multidirectional influence on the international stage through transnational movements and ethno-national conflicts, formatting and political legitimation of identities that make up the resurgence of the sacred which characterizes the twenty-first century as post-secular. Given this situation, we question the negligence led to the religious theme for the International Relations discipline, closing both the theoretical impasses as the analytical possibilities opened contemporaneously. The choice of the United States as a case study is due to its extremely devout population and its relevance in the construction of the American spirit. Protestant foundational myths help to understand the country celebration contained in the civil religion. From time to time, moments of religious revival swept the United States, casting his dynamic religious marketplace and committed evangelical force that characterizes the current American church. Recent changes in Protestantism brought a new dynamic for the intersection between religion and politics, calling into question the institutional foundations of secularism in the United States. For a long time in American history, religious society and secular government coexisted and mutually reinforced. The wall of separation between church and state and freedom of religion are fundamental valuesof the Republic, defended since the eighteenth century by the founding fathers. In the second half of the twentieth century, however, religious groups structured around a conservative agenda, began to influence the debate on moral issues like abortion and gay rights, and mobilize the faithful to the local and federal elections. We can note, also, patterns such as the “religious attendance gap” and the religious rhetoric of political leaders which reflect the new thrust of religion in American public space. This work’s focus lies in ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Relações internacionais, Liberdade de culto, Estados Unidos - Relações exteriores, Estados Unidos - Política e governo, Liberdade religiosa, Religion, Freedom of religion, Politics, Foreign policy, The United States of America
Como citar
MATEO, Luiza Rodrigues. Deus abençoe a América: religião, política e relações internacionais dos Estados Unidos. 2011. 142 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - UNESP/UNICAMP/PUC-SP, Programa San Tiago Dantas, 2011.