Produtos alternativos com atividade fungitóxica sobre patógenos da videira para quebra da dormência de gemas
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Data
2011-03-11
Autores
Santana, Ana Paula dos Santos [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A região noroeste de São Paulo é uma das principais produtoras de uvas de mesa do Estado. Entretanto, os altos custos de implantação e de condução dos vinhedos exigem altas produtividades, para tornar a atividade compensatória. A grande exigência de tratos culturais e fitossanitários tem estimulado os viticultores a buscarem alternativas para reduzir este custo, entre as quais, o uso de reguladores vegetais e programas de controle de doenças de baixo impacto ambiental. Contudo, a necessidade de restringir, cada vez mais, o uso de produtos sintéticos em sistemas sustentáveis de produção, como na produção orgânica e produção integrada, torna a quebra de dormência química e o controle fitossanitário fatores limitantes para a atividade no Brasil. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar, em campo, a eficácia do extrato de alho (Bioalho®) e do fertilizante organomineral (Erger G®), na quebra de dormência de gemas de videiras; e, em laboratório, a eficácia dos produtos: óleo de nim e de tomilho, quitosana, biomassa cítrica, silicato de potássio, fosfito de potássio, acibenzolar-S-methyl, tebuconazol, metalaxil+mancozebe, azoxistrobina, extratos aquosos e hidroetanólicos de melão-de-são-caetano e pacari; no controle dos patógenos da cultura da videira P. viticula, P. euvitis e E. ampelina. No primeiro experimento, aos 35 dias após a aplicação dos produtos para quebra de dormência, observou-se que o produto Erger G® mais NK 7% diferiu estatisticamente de todos os outros produtos avaliados, com 86% no total de gemas brotadas; e, em porcentagem de brotação na 5a e 6a gemas, teve 100% de brotação, não diferindo estatisticamente do Erger G® mais NK 5%, com 77% de brotação; e do padrão positivo, com 61%. Em avaliação final, do segundo experimento aos 30 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos com Bioalho® e Erger G®, verificou-se que todos...
The northwestern region of São Paulo is one of the main producers of table grapes in the state. However, the high cost of deployment and conduct of vineyards require high productivity, to make compensatory activity. The requirements of cultural practices and plant health has prompted growers to seek alternatives to reduce this cost, including the use of plant growth regulators and programs for disease control with low environmental impact. However, the need to restrict, increasingly, the use of synthetics in sustainable production systems, such as the organic and integrated production, makes the dormancy breaking chemical pest control and the factors limiting the activity in Brazil. The objective of this work to evaluate, in laboratory and field efficacy of Bioalho® and Erger G®, to break the dormancy of buds of grapevines, and the effectiveness of the following products: neem oil and thyme, chitosan, citric biomass, silicate potassium, potassium phosphite, acibenzolar-S-methyl, tebuconazole, metalaxyl + mancozeb, azoxystrobin, aqueous and hidroetanolic melon-to-be-caetano and pacari; control pathogens culture P. viticulture, P. euvitis and E. ampelina In the final evaluation, 30 days after treatment application with Bioalho® and Erger G®, it was found that all treatments were similar in the induction of sprouting and above the standard negative (water), which emphasizes the potential for these alternative products dormancy when compared to the standard positive hydrogen cyanamide. However, the development of branches with the garlic extract was highly uneven. For products to control pathogens, all products tested inhibited, but 60% germination of sporangiospores of P. viticola, highlighting the aqueous and hydro-pacari and melon-to-be-caetano and citric biomass whose percentage of inhibition of germination conidiósferos (SGA) ranged from 85% to 92%. In the germination... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The northwestern region of São Paulo is one of the main producers of table grapes in the state. However, the high cost of deployment and conduct of vineyards require high productivity, to make compensatory activity. The requirements of cultural practices and plant health has prompted growers to seek alternatives to reduce this cost, including the use of plant growth regulators and programs for disease control with low environmental impact. However, the need to restrict, increasingly, the use of synthetics in sustainable production systems, such as the organic and integrated production, makes the dormancy breaking chemical pest control and the factors limiting the activity in Brazil. The objective of this work to evaluate, in laboratory and field efficacy of Bioalho® and Erger G®, to break the dormancy of buds of grapevines, and the effectiveness of the following products: neem oil and thyme, chitosan, citric biomass, silicate potassium, potassium phosphite, acibenzolar-S-methyl, tebuconazole, metalaxyl + mancozeb, azoxystrobin, aqueous and hidroetanolic melon-to-be-caetano and pacari; control pathogens culture P. viticulture, P. euvitis and E. ampelina In the final evaluation, 30 days after treatment application with Bioalho® and Erger G®, it was found that all treatments were similar in the induction of sprouting and above the standard negative (water), which emphasizes the potential for these alternative products dormancy when compared to the standard positive hydrogen cyanamide. However, the development of branches with the garlic extract was highly uneven. For products to control pathogens, all products tested inhibited, but 60% germination of sporangiospores of P. viticola, highlighting the aqueous and hydro-pacari and melon-to-be-caetano and citric biomass whose percentage of inhibition of germination conidiósferos (SGA) ranged from 85% to 92%. In the germination... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Plasmopara viticola, Elsinoe ampelina, Phakpsora euvitis, Bioalho®, Erger G®, Plasmopara viticola, Elsinoe ampelina, Phakpsora euvitis, Bioalho®, Erger G®
Como citar
SANTANA, Ana Paula dos Santos. Produtos alternativos com atividade fungitóxica sobre patógenos da videira para quebra da dormência de gemas. 2011. 90 f. Dissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2011.