Matéria seca, teores de macronutrientes e produtividade de soja transgênica e não transgênica com diferentes manejos de plantas daninhas
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2011-09-02
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No contexto das grandes culturas produtoras de grãos, a soja foi a que mais cresceu em termos percentuais nos últimos 37 anos, tanto no Brasil quanto em nível mundial. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar se há diferença entre variedades de soja transgênica e não transgênica quanto ao desenvolvimento vegetativo e reprodutivo através do acúmulo de matéria seca na parte aérea e dos teores de macronutrientes na matéria seca produzida, quando estas são submetidas à presença de herbicidas específicos para o controle de plantas daninhas. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade de Engenharia/UNESP - Campus de Ilha Solteira, localizada no município de Selvíria – MS. Os tratamentos foram compostos de duas variedades de soja transgênica (BRS Valiosa RR e BRS Favorita RR) e duas variedades convencionais (MGBR 46 – Conquista e MGBR 68 – Vencedora), com controle de plantas daninhas através de uso de herbicidas ou capinas. A semeadura da soja ocorreu no dia 20/11/2009, em um espaçamento de 0,45 m entrelinhas e 15 sementes por metro de sulco. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o em blocos casualizados com 4 repetições, apresentando as parcelas, 7 linhas com 50 m de comprimento. Avaliaram-se as características agronômicas como: altura de inserção da primeira vagem; altura de plantas; número de ramos por planta; número de vagens por planta; população de plantas; produtividade de grãos; massa de 1000 grãos no estádio R8 da cultura. Também foi avaliado em amostragens quinzenais a partir do 21o dias após a germinação, a matéria seca de folhas, caules, vagens e grãos e o teor de macronutrientes nesta e o estado nutricional das plantas, através de amostragem foliar, no florescimento pleno. Os resultados obtidos perm itiram concluir que: aos 81 dias após emergência, quando as plantas encontram -se no...
In the context of major grain-producing crops, soybean was grown the most in percentage terms over the past 37 years, both in Brazil and worldw ide. This study aimed to observe the differences between varieties of GM and non GM soya on the vegetative and reproductive development through the dry matter accumulation in shoots and macronutrient content in dry matter yield when they are subjected to t he presence of herbicides for weed control. The experiment was conducted at Faculdade de Engenharia/UNESP – Ilha Solteira, located in Selvíria county. The treatments consisted of two transgenic soybeans varieties (BRS Favorita and BRS Valiosa) and two conventional varieties (MGBR 46 - Conquista and MGBR 68 - Vencedora), with control of weeds through the use of herbicides or weeding. The sowing of soybean was performed in 11/20/2009, at a spacing of 0.45 m between rows and 15 seeds per meter of furrow. The experimental design was a randomized block with 4 replicates, with plots at seven lines to fifty meter long. We evaluated the agronomic characteristics such as height of first pod, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, plant population, yield, 1000 grain weight of the R8 stage of culture. Was also assessed in biweekly samples from the 21 th day after germination, the dry matter of leaves, stems, pods and grains and content of macronutrients and nutritional status of this plant, by sampling leaves in full bloom. The results showed that: at 81 days after emergence, when plants are in the initial stage R5, it is gotten the highest total dry matter in transgenic and conventional varieties of soybeans, there is a greater concentration of N, P and K in the grains as they are approaching maturity, contrary to that observed for stems, leaves and pods, there is a significant... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
In the context of major grain-producing crops, soybean was grown the most in percentage terms over the past 37 years, both in Brazil and worldw ide. This study aimed to observe the differences between varieties of GM and non GM soya on the vegetative and reproductive development through the dry matter accumulation in shoots and macronutrient content in dry matter yield when they are subjected to t he presence of herbicides for weed control. The experiment was conducted at Faculdade de Engenharia/UNESP – Ilha Solteira, located in Selvíria county. The treatments consisted of two transgenic soybeans varieties (BRS Favorita and BRS Valiosa) and two conventional varieties (MGBR 46 - Conquista and MGBR 68 - Vencedora), with control of weeds through the use of herbicides or weeding. The sowing of soybean was performed in 11/20/2009, at a spacing of 0.45 m between rows and 15 seeds per meter of furrow. The experimental design was a randomized block with 4 replicates, with plots at seven lines to fifty meter long. We evaluated the agronomic characteristics such as height of first pod, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, plant population, yield, 1000 grain weight of the R8 stage of culture. Was also assessed in biweekly samples from the 21 th day after germination, the dry matter of leaves, stems, pods and grains and content of macronutrients and nutritional status of this plant, by sampling leaves in full bloom. The results showed that: at 81 days after emergence, when plants are in the initial stage R5, it is gotten the highest total dry matter in transgenic and conventional varieties of soybeans, there is a greater concentration of N, P and K in the grains as they are approaching maturity, contrary to that observed for stems, leaves and pods, there is a significant... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Soja, Herbicidas, Herbicides
Como citar
OLIVEIRA, Jefferson Anthony Gabriel de. Matéria seca, teores de macronutrientes e produtividade de soja transgênica e não transgênica com diferentes manejos de plantas daninhas. 2011. 76 f. Dissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2011.