Uso de marcadores microssatélites para estimar parentescos dentro de progênies de polinização aberta de espécies arbóreas dióicas: um estudo de caso de Myracrodruon urundeuva (F.F. & M.F. Allemão)
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Data
2012-02-10
Autores
Moraes, Marcela Aparecida de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Há muito tempo tem-se o interesse em conhecer o parentesco existente dentro de progênies de polinização aberta de espécies arbóreas, devido às suas implicações na estimativa da variância genética aditiva, tamanho efetivo de variância e determinação do número de árvores matrizes para a coleta de sementes para fins de conservação ex situ, melhoramento e recuperação ambiental. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar a estimativa do coeficiente de coancestria dentro de progênies de Myracrodruon urundeuva por quatro métodos: i) parâmetros do sistema de reprodução, conforme método de Ritland (1989) e utilizando a extensão deste método em casos de cruzamentos entre parentes (SEBBENN, 2006); ii) a partir da medida de diferenciação no conjunto de pólen recebido por diferentes árvores matrizes, com base na análise TwoGener (SMOUSE et al., 2001); iii) análise de variância de frequências gênicas para estimar componentes de variância e calcular o coeficiente de coancestria a partir da diferenciação genética entre progênies (WEIR; COCKERHAM, 1984); iv) o estimador de coancestria de Loiselle et al. (1995) e Ritland (1996) pelo método proposto por Hardy et al. (2004). Para tanto, foram utilizadas progênies de polinização aberta de quatro populações de M. urundeuva, analisadas para seis locos microssatélites. Para reduzir fontes de variação, trabalhou-se com um conjunto de dados balanceados, onde todas as progênies tinham 15 plantas e duas populações foram compostas por 12 progênies e duas por 24 progênies. A taxa de cruzamento não foi diferente da unidade nas quatro populações ( t m 1,0 ) o que era esperado por tratar-se de uma espécie dióica. A correlação de paternidade foi significativamente diferente de zero, variando de 0,167 a 0,265, ou seja, 16% a 26% das...
Know the relatedness within open-pollinated families is a long time interest due the implications which this relatedness have on the estimative of the addictive genetic variation, variance effective population size and determination of the number of seed-tree for to collect seeds aiming ex situ conservation, tree breeding and environmental restoration. The aim of this work was to compare the estimated of the coancestry coefficient within families of Myracrodruon urundeuva by four methods: i) mating system parameters, according with Ritland (1989) method and using the extension of this method in cases of crosses between relatives (SEBBENN, 2006); ii) from the measured of pollen gene poll differentiation among different seed-trees, with base in TWOGENER analysis (SMOUSE et al., 2001); iii) analysis of variance of gene frequencies to estimate variance components and calculate the coefficient of coancestry from the genetic differentiation among families (WEIR; COCKERHAM, 1984); iv) the estimator of coancestry from Loisselle et al. (1995) and Ritland (1996) using the method proposed by Hardy et al. (2004). For this purpose, we used open-pollinated progeny of four populations of M. urundeuva, previously analyzed for six microsatellite loci. To reduce sources of variation, we worked with a set of balanced data, where all progenies had 15 plants and two populations were composed of two 12 by 24 families and families. The four populations have progeny generated by crossing ( t m 1,0 ) what was expected for the species is dioecious. The correlation of paternity was significantly different from zero, ranging from 0.167 to 0.265, so 16% to 26% of the progeny were generated by crossing correlated with degree of full-sib. Comparing the four methods of estimating the coeeficient of coancestry, the most accurate and easy to estimate was the Ritland (1989) method. This method produces... (complete abstract click electronic access below)
Know the relatedness within open-pollinated families is a long time interest due the implications which this relatedness have on the estimative of the addictive genetic variation, variance effective population size and determination of the number of seed-tree for to collect seeds aiming ex situ conservation, tree breeding and environmental restoration. The aim of this work was to compare the estimated of the coancestry coefficient within families of Myracrodruon urundeuva by four methods: i) mating system parameters, according with Ritland (1989) method and using the extension of this method in cases of crosses between relatives (SEBBENN, 2006); ii) from the measured of pollen gene poll differentiation among different seed-trees, with base in TWOGENER analysis (SMOUSE et al., 2001); iii) analysis of variance of gene frequencies to estimate variance components and calculate the coefficient of coancestry from the genetic differentiation among families (WEIR; COCKERHAM, 1984); iv) the estimator of coancestry from Loisselle et al. (1995) and Ritland (1996) using the method proposed by Hardy et al. (2004). For this purpose, we used open-pollinated progeny of four populations of M. urundeuva, previously analyzed for six microsatellite loci. To reduce sources of variation, we worked with a set of balanced data, where all progenies had 15 plants and two populations were composed of two 12 by 24 families and families. The four populations have progeny generated by crossing ( t m 1,0 ) what was expected for the species is dioecious. The correlation of paternity was significantly different from zero, ranging from 0.167 to 0.265, so 16% to 26% of the progeny were generated by crossing correlated with degree of full-sib. Comparing the four methods of estimating the coeeficient of coancestry, the most accurate and easy to estimate was the Ritland (1989) method. This method produces... (complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Genetica florestal, Melhoramento vegetal, Plantas - Melhoramento genético, Collect seeds
Como citar
MORAES, Marcela Aparecida de. Uso de marcadores microssatélites para estimar parentescos dentro de progênies de polinização aberta de espécies arbóreas dióicas: um estudo de caso de Myracrodruon urundeuva (F.F. & M.F. Allemão). 2012. 80 f. Dissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2012.