Diversidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte e sua relação com o mosaico vegetacional na fazenda experimental Edgárdia, Unesp, Botucatu/SP
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Data
2009-05-14
Autores
Alves, Telma Regina [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A bacia do Rio Capivara, composta por um mosaico de ambientes com diferentes formações de vegetação natural (floresta estacional semidecidual, cerrado e matas ciliares), encontra-se bastante fragmentada em função das perturbações provocadas pelo homem, com a predominância de pastagens, plantações de cana-de-açúcar e laranja, além de reflorestamentos de eucalipto. Inserida nesta bacia está a Fazenda Experimental Edgardia, pertencente à Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Botucatu. Esta área apresenta como principais classes de uso e ocupação do solo pastagem, plantio de arroz em área de várzea e fragmentos de vegetação natural (floresta estacional semidecidual e cerradão). O presente estudo teve como objetivos determinar a riqueza, ocorrência, freqüência de ocorrência e abundância relativa de espécies de mamíferos de médio e grande porte e sua relação com o mosaico vegetacional. Foi realizado levantamento buscando-se registros indiretos como vestígios (pegadas e fezes) em trilhas, ao longo de um ano. Foram também utilizadas duas armadilhas fotográficas (câmaras com infravermelho) a fim de complementar a identificação das espécies. Os dados da ocorrência de carnívoros foram georreferenciados e inseridos em um sistema de informação geográfica de modo a cruzar a distribuição espacial das espécies com a cobertura vegetal. De março de 2004 a março de 2005 foram percorridos 242,01 km e registradas por meio dos dois métodos de amostragem 20 espécies de mamíferos silvestres de médio e grande porte. No ambiente de floresta/cultura de arroz (Estrada da bica) foram registradas 11 espécies, na cultura de arroz (Estrada da várzea) nove, na floresta/várzea (Monte redondo) nove, na várzea/pastagem com regeneração de vegetação natural (Capivara) oito, na transição de floresta/cerradão (Trilha barra longa) oito, na floresta (Castanheira)...
The Capivara River basin, formed by a habitat mosaic with different natural vegetation formation (seasonal semideciduous forest remnants and riparian forests) is very fragmented due to disturbances caused by humans, mainly pastures, sugarcane and orange plantations and eucalyptus forests. Along this basin is the “Edgardia” Experimental Farm, which belongs to the Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Botucatu. The area uses are mainly pastures, rice plantations in varzea areas and natural vegetation fragments (native semi deciduous forest remant and tropical Brazilian savannah). This study aimed at to determine the richness, occurrence frequency and relative abundance of medium- and large-sized mammalian species and their relation to the vegetation mosaic. Data were collected from indirect records (footprints and feces) in trails during one year long. Two photographic traps (with infrared cameras) were also used to complement species identification. Data from occurrence of carnivores were georeferrenced and input in a geographical information system in order to cross species spatial distribution to vegetation covering. From March 2004 to March 2005, 242.01 km were tracked and recorded through two sampling methods for 20 native medium and large-sized mammalian species. 11 species were recorded in the forest/rice plantation environment (Estrada da Bica), 9 species in the rice plantation (Estrada da varzea), 9 in the forest/varzea (Monte Redondo), 8 in the varzea/pasture with natural vegetation regeneration (Capivara), 8 in the transition area of forest/savanna (Trilha Barra Longa), 7 in the forest (Castanheira), 5 in the transition area of forest/savanna (Carmelucho), 5 in forest/pasture (Fundo da Bica), and 4 in the forest/pasture (Trilha do IB). Expected total richness values by Mao Tau were close... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The Capivara River basin, formed by a habitat mosaic with different natural vegetation formation (seasonal semideciduous forest remnants and riparian forests) is very fragmented due to disturbances caused by humans, mainly pastures, sugarcane and orange plantations and eucalyptus forests. Along this basin is the “Edgardia” Experimental Farm, which belongs to the Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Botucatu. The area uses are mainly pastures, rice plantations in varzea areas and natural vegetation fragments (native semi deciduous forest remant and tropical Brazilian savannah). This study aimed at to determine the richness, occurrence frequency and relative abundance of medium- and large-sized mammalian species and their relation to the vegetation mosaic. Data were collected from indirect records (footprints and feces) in trails during one year long. Two photographic traps (with infrared cameras) were also used to complement species identification. Data from occurrence of carnivores were georeferrenced and input in a geographical information system in order to cross species spatial distribution to vegetation covering. From March 2004 to March 2005, 242.01 km were tracked and recorded through two sampling methods for 20 native medium and large-sized mammalian species. 11 species were recorded in the forest/rice plantation environment (Estrada da Bica), 9 species in the rice plantation (Estrada da varzea), 9 in the forest/varzea (Monte Redondo), 8 in the varzea/pasture with natural vegetation regeneration (Capivara), 8 in the transition area of forest/savanna (Trilha Barra Longa), 7 in the forest (Castanheira), 5 in the transition area of forest/savanna (Carmelucho), 5 in forest/pasture (Fundo da Bica), and 4 in the forest/pasture (Trilha do IB). Expected total richness values by Mao Tau were close... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mamíferos, Biodiversidade, Armadilhas fotográficas, Mosaico vegetal, Pegadas, Species diversity, Vegetal mosaic, Mammals, Footprints, Photographic traps
Como citar
ALVES, Telma Regina. Diversidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte e sua relação com o mosaico vegetacional na fazenda experimental Edgárdia, Unesp, Botucatu/SP. 2009. xiii, 117 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2009.