Obtenção e avaliação preliminar de novos híbridos de mamona (Ricinus communis L.)
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Data
2006-12-15
Autores
Kiihl, Tammy Aparecida Manabe [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A mamona é uma oleaginosa de relevante importância econômica, apresentando inúmeras aplicações, inclusive como fonte energética. A produtividade média da mamona em bagas no Brasil tem sido muito baixa, cerca de 440 kgha-1, devido ao baixo nível tecnológico empregado pelos produtores e pela baixa oferta de cultivares selecionadas para alta produtividade de grãos, além da falta de híbridos para colheita mecanizada. O objetivo do trabalho foi obter novos híbridos de mamona e avaliar suas características agronômicas, principalmente relacionadas à produtividade e porte da planta para colheita mecanizada. Para obtenção dos híbridos foram utilizadas quatro linhas femininas e 72 linhagens masculinas. A avaliação dos híbridos foi dividida em dois experimentos, sendo o primeiro instalado em 21 de outubro de 2005 e o segundo em 07 de dezembro de 2005. Além desses híbridos foram avaliados como testemunha os híbridos comerciais Íris e Savana. Os experimentos foram conduzidos sob delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com 3 repetições. As parcelas experimentais foram constituídas de uma linha de 6 m, com espaçamento de 0,6 m entre plantas, 1,0 m entre linhas e área útil de 6m2. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análises de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste F e pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 1% de probabilidade, utilizandose o programa SISVAR v.4.2. As características avaliadas foram produtividade de grãos, altura de plantas, porcentagem de flores femininas no racemo primário, teor de óleo das 2 sementes, altura de inserção do racemo primário, número de internódios até o racemo primário, produtividade de grãos do racemo primário e massa de 100 grãos. Com base nas análises de variância foram observadas significâncias para todos os parâmetros avaliados, nos dois experimentos. No experimento 1, para...
Castor bean has assumed great importance as source of vegetable oil presenting several applications including energetic source. In Brazil castor bean grain yield has been very low, 440 kgha-1, and this fact may be explained by low technologies levels applied, absence of selected genotypes for high yield and the absence of hybrids for mechanized harvesting. The objective of this work was to obtaining castor bean new hybrids and to evaluate agronomic characteristics specially grain yield and plant height to mechanized harvesting. For obtaining the hybrids it was used four pistilates lines and 72 male lines. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the hybrids, the first experiment was set in October 21st/2005 and the second one in December 7th/2005. Beyond these hybrids it was evaluated commercial hybrids, Iris and Savana, as control. The experiments were conducted under randomized complete blocks experimental design with three replications. The experimental plots were constituted by one row with 6 m, space of 0,6m between plants and 1,0m between lines, comprehending 6m2 of total area. Results were submitted to variance analysis and means compared by F test and Scott-Knott test with 1% of probability through SISVAR Program, 4.2 version. The characteristics evaluated were yield of seeds, plant height, percentage of pistilate flowers, oil content of seeds, height of primary raceme insertion, number of internodes until primary raceme, yield of grains of primary raceme and mass of 100 grains. 4 Based on variance analysis it was observed that the mean squares were significant for al characteristics in both experiments. In experiment 1 a considerable number of hybrids were superior to the controls, for grain yield, and 28 and 30 hybrids were the most productive. No one of the control overcame the general average of grain yield. It was observed that... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Castor bean has assumed great importance as source of vegetable oil presenting several applications including energetic source. In Brazil castor bean grain yield has been very low, 440 kgha-1, and this fact may be explained by low technologies levels applied, absence of selected genotypes for high yield and the absence of hybrids for mechanized harvesting. The objective of this work was to obtaining castor bean new hybrids and to evaluate agronomic characteristics specially grain yield and plant height to mechanized harvesting. For obtaining the hybrids it was used four pistilates lines and 72 male lines. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the hybrids, the first experiment was set in October 21st/2005 and the second one in December 7th/2005. Beyond these hybrids it was evaluated commercial hybrids, Iris and Savana, as control. The experiments were conducted under randomized complete blocks experimental design with three replications. The experimental plots were constituted by one row with 6 m, space of 0,6m between plants and 1,0m between lines, comprehending 6m2 of total area. Results were submitted to variance analysis and means compared by F test and Scott-Knott test with 1% of probability through SISVAR Program, 4.2 version. The characteristics evaluated were yield of seeds, plant height, percentage of pistilate flowers, oil content of seeds, height of primary raceme insertion, number of internodes until primary raceme, yield of grains of primary raceme and mass of 100 grains. 4 Based on variance analysis it was observed that the mean squares were significant for al characteristics in both experiments. In experiment 1 a considerable number of hybrids were superior to the controls, for grain yield, and 28 and 30 hybrids were the most productive. No one of the control overcame the general average of grain yield. It was observed that... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mamona, Hibridação, Melhoramento genetico, Ricinus communis L, Hybrids, Mechanized harvesting
Como citar
KIIHL, Tammy Aparecida Manabe. Obtenção e avaliação preliminar de novos híbridos de mamona (Ricinus communis L.). 2006. ix, 52 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2006.