Aplicação de diferentes métodos de lubrirrefrigeração com inibidores voláteis de corrosão na retificação de aço endurecido
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2023-02-24
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Em meio à atual busca por adequações dos processos produtivos em função da saúde humana e preservação do ambiente, sem renunciar à preocupação com os custos e a qualidade dos produtos, é preciso pesquisas a tentar novas técnicas de lubrirrefrigeração eficientes como alternativas às convencionais. Assim, busca-se técnicas modernas que possam substituí-las, nesse sentido, a técnica MQL (mínima quantidade de lubrificante) vem sendo uma alternativa pois utiliza baixo fluxo de óleo com ar em alta pressão, diminuindo a quantidade de resíduos gerados no processo. Assim este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar os métodos da lubrirrefrigeração com a aplicação dos fluidos com inibidores voláteis de corrosão (VCI) com fluido de corte base, utilizando métodos de lubrirrefrigeração convencional, MQL sem limpeza e MQL com limpeza da superfície de corte do rebolo (MQL+WCJ). Todos os métodos de lubrirrefrigeração foram aplicados na retificação de aço endurecido (ABNT 4340) com rebolo de óxido de alumínio. Os parâmetros de saída analisados foram: rugosidade média aritmética (Ra), desvio de circularidade, microdureza da peça, desgaste diametral do rebolo, emissão acústica e potência de retificação. As superfícies retificadas foram avaliadas por microscopias óptica e confocal, microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Não foram observados danos térmicos, microtrincas ou alterações microestruturais nas peças, independentemente do método de lubrirrefrigeração aplicado. Além disso, pode-se concluir que o uso de fluidos de corte com VCI evidenciaram os melhores resultados em comparação ao fluido de corte base.
During the current search for adequacy of the productive processes in function of human health and preservation of the environment, without giving up the concern with the costs and the quality of the products, researchers must try new techniques of lubrication and cooling efficiency as alternatives to the conventional ones. Thus, modern techniques are sought to replace them. The MQL technique (minimum quantity of lubricant) has been an alternative because it uses low oil flow with high-pressure air, reducing the waste generated. Thus, this work aimed to compare the methods of lubrication-cooling with the application of fluids with volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCI) with base cutting fluid, using conventional lubrication-cooling methods, MQL without cleaning, and MQL with the cleaning of the cutting surface of the grinding wheel (MQL+WCJ). All lubrication and cooling techniques were applied to grinding hardened steel (ABNT 4340) with an aluminum oxide grinding wheel. The output parameters analyzed were: arithmetic mean roughness (Ra), roundness deviation, part microhardness, diametral wear of the grinding wheel, acoustic emission, and grinding power. In addition, the rectified surfaces were evaluated by optical and confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. No thermal damage, microcracks, or microstructural changes were observed in the parts, regardless of the applied lubrication-cooling method. In addition, it can be concluded that cutting fluids with VCI showed better results than the essential cutting fluid.
During the current search for adequacy of the productive processes in function of human health and preservation of the environment, without giving up the concern with the costs and the quality of the products, researchers must try new techniques of lubrication and cooling efficiency as alternatives to the conventional ones. Thus, modern techniques are sought to replace them. The MQL technique (minimum quantity of lubricant) has been an alternative because it uses low oil flow with high-pressure air, reducing the waste generated. Thus, this work aimed to compare the methods of lubrication-cooling with the application of fluids with volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCI) with base cutting fluid, using conventional lubrication-cooling methods, MQL without cleaning, and MQL with the cleaning of the cutting surface of the grinding wheel (MQL+WCJ). All lubrication and cooling techniques were applied to grinding hardened steel (ABNT 4340) with an aluminum oxide grinding wheel. The output parameters analyzed were: arithmetic mean roughness (Ra), roundness deviation, part microhardness, diametral wear of the grinding wheel, acoustic emission, and grinding power. In addition, the rectified surfaces were evaluated by optical and confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. No thermal damage, microcracks, or microstructural changes were observed in the parts, regardless of the applied lubrication-cooling method. In addition, it can be concluded that cutting fluids with VCI showed better results than the essential cutting fluid.
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Retificação, Aço endurecido, Fluido de corte, Aditivo anticorrosivo, Grinding, Hardened steel, Cutting fluid, Anticorrosive additive