Diagramando a web pragmática
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2022-09-28
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Algumas nomenclaturas adjetivam a Web e delimitam seus períodos. Uma das perspectivas a enquadra em uma escala numérica progressiva que a designa como Web 1.0, Web 2.0, Web 3.0 e Web 4.0. Há também o delineamento com base nos estudos da linguagem que a classifica como Web Sintática, Web Semântica e Web Pragmática. Essas concepções não são conflitantes, na realidade, a depender da óptica adotada para as interpretar, elas confluem. A Web Sintática, por exemplo, contempla a Web 1.0 e 2.0 ou Social, visto que, basicamente, elas estavam dedicadas a busca e recuperação de palavras e frases de forma literal em mecanismos de busca. Na Web Semântica ou 3.0, esses termos são, semanticamente, enriquecidos para entregar além da sintaxe também significado ao requisitante. A Web Pragmática ou 4.0, por sua vez, tem a promessa de entrega de sentido, relevância e contexto com base na convenção do significado a partir de negociações entre agentes computacionais e/ou humanos, de forma simbiótica. A partir do contexto supracitado foi que surgiu o questionamento central que orientou esta pesquisa: seria possível definir a Web Pragmática mediante o cotejo da literatura de Pragmática e de Web Pragmática? Para tanto, deu-se início a partir de uma revisão entre o que era consolidado na literatura da Pragmática e as atuais pesquisas acerca da Web Pragmática para identificar atributos/características, autores e tecnologias proeminentes com o objetivo de apresentar os principais resultados no formato de diagrama. Esse percurso metodológico foi adotado porque a própria Web não poderia assumir um papel de corpus analítico para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, visto que sua variedade de informações, plataformas, tecnologias não poderiam ser contempladas como um todo e realizar recortes para contextos específicos poderia, de certo modo, enviesar a investigação. Além disso, o método quadripolar foi adotado para nortear o procedimento metodológico, deixando-o logicamente encadeado. Assim, uma revisão de literatura foi realizada a fim de evidenciar esses elementos na literatura científica acerca da Web Pragmática e suas variações terminológicas e obter um panorama do entendimento dos autores sobre ela. Foi constatado que autores como Morris e Peirce, por exemplo, são a base teórica de estudos realizados no contexto tecnológico, isto é, eles embasam os fundamentos da Web Pragmática. Suas contribuições correspondem, principalmente, a capacidade de consideração do contexto para a entrega de informações assertivas aos usuários, ou seja, não apenas entregar significado, mas que ele também faça sentido. Foi possível apresentar, na forma de diagrama, os atributos/características, autores e tecnologias que corroboram para a definição da Web Pragmática. Dessa maneira, compreende-se que a Web Pragmática é contextual, interacional, negociativa, comunicacional, personalizável e relevante.
Some nomenclatures define the Web and delimit its periods. One perspective place it on a progressive numerical scale that designates it as Web 1.0, Web 2.0, Web 3.0 and Web 4.0. There is also a design based on language studies that classifies it as Syntactic Web, Semantic Web and Pragmatic Web. These conceptions are not conflicting, in fact, depending on the perspective adopted to interpret them, they converge. The Syntactic Web, for example, includes the Web 1.0 and 2.0 or Social, since, basically, they were dedicated to the search and retrieval of words and phrases literally in search engines. In the Semantic Web or 3.0, these terms are semantically enriched to deliver, in addition to syntax, meaning to the requester. The Pragmatic Web or 4.0, in turn, has the promise of delivering meaning, relevance and context based on the convention of meaning based on negotiations between computational and/or human agents, in a symbiotic way. From the context, the central question that guided this research emerged: would it be possible to define the Pragmatic Web by comparing the literature of Pragmatics and Web Pragmatics? To do so, it began with a review of what was consolidated in the Pragmatics literature and current research on the Pragmatics Web to identify attributes/characteristics, authors and prominent technologies to present the main results in the format of diagram. This methodological path was adopted because the Web itself could not assume the role of an analytical corpus for the development of the research, since its variety of information, platforms, technologies could not be contemplated as a whole and making cuts for specific contexts could, of course, way, bias the investigation. In addition, the quadripolar method was adopted to guide the methodological procedure, leaving it logically chained. Thus, a literature review was carried out to highlight these elements in the scientific literature about the Pragmatic Web and its terminological variations and to obtain an overview of the authors' understanding of it. It was found that authors like Morris and Peirce, for example, are the theoretical basis of studies carried out in the technological context, that is, they base the foundations of the Pragmatic Web. Their contributions correspond, mainly, to the ability to consider the context to deliver assertive information to users, that is, not only to deliver meaning, but that it also makes sense. It was possible to present, in the form of a diagram, the attributes/characteristics, authors and technologies that corroborate the definition of the Pragmatic Web. In this way, it is understood that the Pragmatic Web is contextual, interactional, negotiation, communicational, customizable and relevant.
Some nomenclatures define the Web and delimit its periods. One perspective place it on a progressive numerical scale that designates it as Web 1.0, Web 2.0, Web 3.0 and Web 4.0. There is also a design based on language studies that classifies it as Syntactic Web, Semantic Web and Pragmatic Web. These conceptions are not conflicting, in fact, depending on the perspective adopted to interpret them, they converge. The Syntactic Web, for example, includes the Web 1.0 and 2.0 or Social, since, basically, they were dedicated to the search and retrieval of words and phrases literally in search engines. In the Semantic Web or 3.0, these terms are semantically enriched to deliver, in addition to syntax, meaning to the requester. The Pragmatic Web or 4.0, in turn, has the promise of delivering meaning, relevance and context based on the convention of meaning based on negotiations between computational and/or human agents, in a symbiotic way. From the context, the central question that guided this research emerged: would it be possible to define the Pragmatic Web by comparing the literature of Pragmatics and Web Pragmatics? To do so, it began with a review of what was consolidated in the Pragmatics literature and current research on the Pragmatics Web to identify attributes/characteristics, authors and prominent technologies to present the main results in the format of diagram. This methodological path was adopted because the Web itself could not assume the role of an analytical corpus for the development of the research, since its variety of information, platforms, technologies could not be contemplated as a whole and making cuts for specific contexts could, of course, way, bias the investigation. In addition, the quadripolar method was adopted to guide the methodological procedure, leaving it logically chained. Thus, a literature review was carried out to highlight these elements in the scientific literature about the Pragmatic Web and its terminological variations and to obtain an overview of the authors' understanding of it. It was found that authors like Morris and Peirce, for example, are the theoretical basis of studies carried out in the technological context, that is, they base the foundations of the Pragmatic Web. Their contributions correspond, mainly, to the ability to consider the context to deliver assertive information to users, that is, not only to deliver meaning, but that it also makes sense. It was possible to present, in the form of a diagram, the attributes/characteristics, authors and technologies that corroborate the definition of the Pragmatic Web. In this way, it is understood that the Pragmatic Web is contextual, interactional, negotiation, communicational, customizable and relevant.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Web pragmática, Pragmática, Web 4.0, Contexto, Web simbiótica, Pragmatic web, Pragmatics, Semantic web, Sense, Context
Como citar
DECARLI, Gian Carlo. Diagramando a web pragmática. Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2023.