Análise do processo de planejamento de recursos hídricos no espaço territorial da unidade de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos dos rios Sorocaba e médio Tietê de 1995 a 2021: planos de bacia hidrográfica
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2022-09-02
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo do trabalho é contribuir para que o planejamento e a gestão de recursos hídricos sejam entendidos a partir de uma estrutura integrada, em consonância com o planejamento regional e municipal. O estudo foi direcionado para a unidade de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos da bacia hidrográfica dos rios Sorocaba e médio Tietê (UGRHI-10), do sistema integrado de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos do estado de São Paulo (SIGRH). A pesquisa foi documental, através das informações obtidas no SIGRH e no sistema nacional de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos (SINGREH), com o levantamento das deliberações do comitê da bacia hidrográfica dos rios Sorocaba e médio Tietê (CBH-SMT), de 1995 a 2021; o levantamento das deliberações do conselho estadual de recursos hídricos (CRH/SP), de 1993 a 2021; o levantamento da legislação de recursos hídricos do Brasil, do estado de São Paulo e da evolução do processo de planejamento de recursos hídricos do Brasil, do estado de São Paulo e da UGRHI - 10 dos rios Sorocaba e médio Tietê, de 1934 a 2021; o levantamento da evolução e da estrutura dos planos de recursos hídricos do estado de São Paulo (PERHs), dos relatórios de situação dos recursos hídricos no estado de São Paulo (RSRHIs) e documentos correlatos de 1987 a 2021; o levantamento do 1º PERH (1990-1991) e o levantamento da evolução e da estrutura dos planos de bacia hidrográfica - PBH, e dos relatórios de situação dos recursos hídricos da UGRHI-10, de 1995 a 2021. A partir dos levantamentos mencionados e analisados, verificou-se que as deliberações que tratam de projetos, obras e serviços propostos e executados nos municípios integrantes da UGRHI-10, concentram apenas 8,8 % do total das deliberações, mostrando a importância de aproximar os debates do comitê, em relação a projetos, obras e serviços nos 52 municípios integrantes da UGRHI-10. Comparando-se a atuação do CBH-SMT com o CRH-SP, observa-se que enquanto o CBH-SMT consome grande parte dos seus esforços com 34,8 % de suas deliberações relacionadas às diretrizes e critérios para distribuição dos recursos do fundo estadual de recursos hídricos - FEHIDRO, incluindo seleção e investimentos, ajustes em projetos, prorrogação de prazos, alterações de valores e de tomadores, o CRH/SP possui uma atuação predominantemente técnica, evidenciada pelo porcentual de 52 % do total da deliberações no período de estudo (1993- 2021), constatando-se a existência de poucos mecanismos de acompanhamento e controle dos projetos e obras aprovados pelo comitê, que permitam avaliação de desempenho pelos membros do CBH e cidadãos interessados. Também foram apresentados tópicos importantes para subsidiar o planejamento e a gestão de recursos hídricos na UGRHI- 10 (bacias hidrográficas do rios Sorocaba e médio Tietê), tecendo considerações, observações, proposições e contribuições que possam despertar interesse, tanto no meio acadêmico, como fora dele. Algumas das proposições podem ser apresentadas ao próprio CBH-SMT, à FABH, ao CRH/SP e demais órgãos de planejamento e gestão de recursos hídricos. Portanto, oferece-se contribuições para elaboração de diretrizes específicas, visando a formulação de política municipal de recursos hídricos e melhorias no processo de planejamento e gestão municipal e regional, apresentando um roteiro básico e contribuições para diretrizes específicas.
The objective of the work is to contribute so that the planning and management of water resources are understood from an integrated structure, in line with regional and municipal planning. The study was directed to the water resources management unit of the Sorocaba and Middle Tietê river basins (UGRHI-10), of the integrated water resources management system of the state of São Paulo (SIGRH). The research was documentary, through the information obtained from SIGRH and the national water resources management system (SINGREH), with the survey of the deliberations of the river basin committee of the Sorocaba and Middle Tietê rivers (CBH-SMT), from 1995 to 2021 , the survey of the deliberations of the state council for water resources (CRH/SP), from 1993 to 2021, the survey of the legislation on water resources in Brazil, the state of São Paulo and the evolution of the water resources planning process in Brazil, of the state of São Paulo and the UGRHI - 10 of the Sorocaba and Middle Tietê rivers from 1934 to 2021, the survey of the evolution and structure of the water resources plans of the state of São Paulo (PERHs), of the water resources situation reports in the State of São Paulo (RSRHIs) and related documents from 1987 to 2021, the survey of the 1st PERH (1990-1991) and survey of the evolution and structure of the hydrographic basin plans - PBH, and the resource situation reports UGRHI- 10 water resources, from 1995 to 2021. From the surveys mentioned and analyzed, it was found that the deliberations that deal with projects, works and services proposed and executed in the municipalities that are part of the UGRHI-10, concentrate only 8,8 % of the total deliberations, showing the importance of bringing the committee debates, in relation to projects, works and services in the 52 municipalities that make up the UGRHI-10. Comparing the performance of the CBH-SMT with the CRH-SP, it is observed that while the CBH-SMT consumes a large part of its efforts with 34,8 % of its deliberations related to the guidelines and criteria for the distribution of resources from the state fund of water resources - FEHIDRO, including selection and investments, project adjustments, extension of deadlines, changes in values and borrowers, CRH/SP has a predominantly technical performance, evidenced by the percentage of 52 % of the total deliberations in the period of study (1993-2021), noting the existence of few monitoring and control mechanisms of projects and works approved by the committee, which allow performance evaluation by CBH members and interested citizens. Important topics were also presented to support the planning and management of water resources in the UGRHI-10 (sorocaba and middle Tietê river basins), weaving considerations, observations, propositions and contributions that may arouse interest, both in academia and abroad. his. Some of the proposals can be presented to the CBH-SMT itself, the FABH, the CRH/SP and other water resources planning and management bodies. Therefore, contributions were offered for the elaboration of specific guidelines, aiming at the formulation of municipal water resources policy and improvements in the municipal and regional planning and management process, presenting a basic roadmap and contributions to specific guidelines.
The objective of the work is to contribute so that the planning and management of water resources are understood from an integrated structure, in line with regional and municipal planning. The study was directed to the water resources management unit of the Sorocaba and Middle Tietê river basins (UGRHI-10), of the integrated water resources management system of the state of São Paulo (SIGRH). The research was documentary, through the information obtained from SIGRH and the national water resources management system (SINGREH), with the survey of the deliberations of the river basin committee of the Sorocaba and Middle Tietê rivers (CBH-SMT), from 1995 to 2021 , the survey of the deliberations of the state council for water resources (CRH/SP), from 1993 to 2021, the survey of the legislation on water resources in Brazil, the state of São Paulo and the evolution of the water resources planning process in Brazil, of the state of São Paulo and the UGRHI - 10 of the Sorocaba and Middle Tietê rivers from 1934 to 2021, the survey of the evolution and structure of the water resources plans of the state of São Paulo (PERHs), of the water resources situation reports in the State of São Paulo (RSRHIs) and related documents from 1987 to 2021, the survey of the 1st PERH (1990-1991) and survey of the evolution and structure of the hydrographic basin plans - PBH, and the resource situation reports UGRHI- 10 water resources, from 1995 to 2021. From the surveys mentioned and analyzed, it was found that the deliberations that deal with projects, works and services proposed and executed in the municipalities that are part of the UGRHI-10, concentrate only 8,8 % of the total deliberations, showing the importance of bringing the committee debates, in relation to projects, works and services in the 52 municipalities that make up the UGRHI-10. Comparing the performance of the CBH-SMT with the CRH-SP, it is observed that while the CBH-SMT consumes a large part of its efforts with 34,8 % of its deliberations related to the guidelines and criteria for the distribution of resources from the state fund of water resources - FEHIDRO, including selection and investments, project adjustments, extension of deadlines, changes in values and borrowers, CRH/SP has a predominantly technical performance, evidenced by the percentage of 52 % of the total deliberations in the period of study (1993-2021), noting the existence of few monitoring and control mechanisms of projects and works approved by the committee, which allow performance evaluation by CBH members and interested citizens. Important topics were also presented to support the planning and management of water resources in the UGRHI-10 (sorocaba and middle Tietê river basins), weaving considerations, observations, propositions and contributions that may arouse interest, both in academia and abroad. his. Some of the proposals can be presented to the CBH-SMT itself, the FABH, the CRH/SP and other water resources planning and management bodies. Therefore, contributions were offered for the elaboration of specific guidelines, aiming at the formulation of municipal water resources policy and improvements in the municipal and regional planning and management process, presenting a basic roadmap and contributions to specific guidelines.
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Palavras-chave
Planejamento e gestão de recursos hídricos, Bacia hidrográfica dos rios Sorocaba e médio Tietê, Planejamento regional, municipal e ambiental, Water resources planning and management, Watershed of the Sorocaba and Middle Tietê rivers, Regional, municipal and environmental planning