Valor alimentício do capim-marandu fertilizado via solo e foliar
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Data
2022-12-20
Autores
Barros, Felipe de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito da aplicação de fertilizantes foliares a base de nitrogênio (32% de N) e composto nitrogenado, fósforo e potássio (15- 10- 15) sobre a produtividade, características morfológicas e bromatológicas do capim-marandu (Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu), bem como avaliar a estimativa da taxa de lotação animal (UA/ha), a estimativa de produtividade de carcaça (@/ha) e o desempenho econômico. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e esquema fatorial entre manejo da adubação e ciclos de crescimento, sendo oito manejos da adubação e quatro ciclos de crescimento (cortes entre os meses de dezembro/2020 e julho/2021). A aplicação dos fertilizantes sólido via solo e, liquido via foliar foi realizado após cada corte, quando as plantas atingiram próximo de 90-95% de interceptação luminosa. Foi avaliada a produtividade de massa seca de forragem, composição bromatológica, índice de clorofila foliar, interceptação luminosa, altura das plantas e a composição morfológica da pastagem de capim-marandu e estimou-se a taxa de lotação animal (UA/ha), a produtividade de carcaça (@/ha) e o desempenho econômico. Os dados foram submetidos às análises de normalidade e variância do SAS e comparados pelo teste t LSD, sendo considerados estatisticamente significativos quando P ≤ 0,05. O uso dos adubos foliares utilizados de forma isolada ou combinada com a dose cheia e/ou parcial do fertilizante formulado sólido (NPK), melhorou a composição bromatológica da forragem, elevando principalmente o teor de proteína bruta, bem como, a produtividade de massa seca de forragem, o índice de clorofila foliar, a estimativa da taxa de lotação animal (UA/ha), a estimativa de produtividade de carcaça (@/ha) e o desempenho econômico, com maior receita bruta total e margem de contribuição por hectare. Porém, a utilização da adubação formulada sólida, principalmente na dose cheia, só é viável quando a produtividade de carcaça a mais produzida (@/ha), gere retorno ao pecuarista.
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of applying foliar fertilizers based on nitrogen (32% of N) and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (15- 10- 15) on yield, morphological and bromatological characteristics of the marandu grass (Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu), as well as evaluating the estimated stocking rate (AU/ha), the estimated carcass productivity (@/ha) and economic performance. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications and a factorial scheme between fertilization management and growth cycles, with eight fertilization managements and four growth cycles (cuts between December/2020 and July/2021). The application of solid fertilizers via soil and liquid via foliar was carried out after each cut, when the plants reached close to 90-95% light interception. Forage dry mass productivity, chemical composition, leaf chlorophyll index, light interception, plant height and morphological composition of the marandu grass pasture were evaluated and the animal stocking rate (AU/ha), the carcass yield (@/ha) and economic performance. Data were submitted to SAS normality and variance analysis and compared by the LSD t test, being considered statistically significant when P ≤ 0.05. The use of foliar fertilizers used alone or in combination with the full and/or partial dose of solid formulated fertilizer (NPK) improved the chemical composition of the forage, mainly increasing the crude protein content, as well as the dry mass productivity. of forage, leaf chlorophyll index, estimated stocking rate (UA/ha), estimated carcass productivity (@/ha) and economic performance, with higher total gross revenue and contribution margin per hectare. However, the use of solid formulated fertilizer, mainly in the full dose, is only viable when the most produced carcass productivity (@/ha), generates return to the cattleman.
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of applying foliar fertilizers based on nitrogen (32% of N) and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (15- 10- 15) on yield, morphological and bromatological characteristics of the marandu grass (Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu), as well as evaluating the estimated stocking rate (AU/ha), the estimated carcass productivity (@/ha) and economic performance. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications and a factorial scheme between fertilization management and growth cycles, with eight fertilization managements and four growth cycles (cuts between December/2020 and July/2021). The application of solid fertilizers via soil and liquid via foliar was carried out after each cut, when the plants reached close to 90-95% light interception. Forage dry mass productivity, chemical composition, leaf chlorophyll index, light interception, plant height and morphological composition of the marandu grass pasture were evaluated and the animal stocking rate (AU/ha), the carcass yield (@/ha) and economic performance. Data were submitted to SAS normality and variance analysis and compared by the LSD t test, being considered statistically significant when P ≤ 0.05. The use of foliar fertilizers used alone or in combination with the full and/or partial dose of solid formulated fertilizer (NPK) improved the chemical composition of the forage, mainly increasing the crude protein content, as well as the dry mass productivity. of forage, leaf chlorophyll index, estimated stocking rate (UA/ha), estimated carcass productivity (@/ha) and economic performance, with higher total gross revenue and contribution margin per hectare. However, the use of solid formulated fertilizer, mainly in the full dose, is only viable when the most produced carcass productivity (@/ha), generates return to the cattleman.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Adubação, Bromatologia, Desempenho animal, Produtividade, Nitrogênio, Fertilization, Bromatology, Animal performance, Productivity