Do extrafloral nectaries present a defensive role against herbivores in two species of the family Bignoniaceae in a Neotropical savannas?

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dc.contributor.authorNogueira, Anselmo
dc.contributor.authorGuimaraes, Elza [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorMachado, Silvia Rodrigues [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorLohmann, Lucia G.
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-20T13:48:39Z
dc.date.available2014-05-20T13:48:39Z
dc.date.issued2012-02-01
dc.description.abstractDespite the general belief that the interaction between extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) and ants is mutualistic, the defensive function of EFNs has been poorly documented in South American savannas. In this article, we evaluate the potential impact of EFNs (benefits and costs) on two species of plants from the dry areas of Central Brazil, Anemopaegma album and Anemopaegma scabriusculum (Bignoniaceae). In particular, we characterize the composition of substances secreted by the EFNs, test whether EFNs attract ants, and whether ants actually present a defensive role, leading to reduced herbivory and increased plant fitness. Histochemical analyses indicated that EFNs from both species of Anemopaegma secrete an exudate that is composed of sugars, and potentially lipids and proteins. Furthermore, EFNs from both species were shown to present a significant role in ant attraction. However, contrary to common expectations, ants were not found to protect plants against herbivore attack. No effect was found between ant visitation and flower or fruit production in A. album, while the presence of ants led to a significant decrease in flower production in A. scabriusculum. These results suggest that EFNs might present a similar cost and benefit in A. album, and a higher cost than benefit in A. scabriusculum. Since the ancestor of Anemopaegma occupied humid forests and already presented EFNs that were maintained in subsequent lineages that occupied savannas, we suggest that phylogenetic inertia might explain the presence of EFNs in the species of Anemopaegma in which EFNs lack a defensive function.en
dc.description.affiliationUniv São Paulo, Dept Bot, Inst Biociencias, BR-05508900 São Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Estadual Paulista UNESP, Dept Bot, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnespUniv Estadual Paulista UNESP, Dept Bot, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.description.sponsorshipIdFAPESP: 07/55433-8
dc.description.sponsorshipIdFAPESP: 07/54917-1
dc.format.extent289-301
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-011-9974-3
dc.identifier.citationPlant Ecology. Dordrecht: Springer, v. 213, n. 2, p. 289-301, 2012.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11258-011-9974-3
dc.identifier.issn1385-0237
dc.identifier.lattes2653496390637757
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/17319
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000299920000010
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofPlant Ecology
dc.relation.ispartofjcr1.759
dc.relation.ispartofsjr0,914
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restrito
dc.sourceWeb of Science
dc.subjectAnt-plant interactionen
dc.subjectContext-dependencyen
dc.subjectBrazilen
dc.subjectCaatingaen
dc.subjectCerradoen
dc.subjectNatural selectionen
dc.subjectNectar glandsen
dc.titleDo extrafloral nectaries present a defensive role against herbivores in two species of the family Bignoniaceae in a Neotropical savannas?en
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.licensehttp://www.springer.com/open+access/authors+rights?SGWID=0-176704-12-683201-0
dcterms.rightsHolderSpringer
unesp.author.lattes2653496390637757
unesp.author.orcid0000-0002-1006-357X[2]
unesp.author.orcid0000-0003-4960-0587[4]
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatupt

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