Contribuição para investigação do comportamento alimentar em adultos: estudos de validação
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Data
2022-02-25
Autores
Santos, Priscila Carvalho
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introdução: O comportamento alimentar pode ser influenciado por diferentes aspectos e por esse motivo a compreensão biopsicossociocultural desse conceito faz-se necessária. Diante da influência que fatores psicológicos, sociais e culturais podem ter sobre a alimentação das pessoas, a utilização de instrumentos capazes de capturar conceitos latentes e produzir dados válidos e confiáveis torna-se importante. Objetivos: O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com três objetivos: 1. apresentar a versão em português do Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress Questionnaire (EADES), da Salzburg Estress Eating Scale (SSES) e da Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS); 2. estimar as propriedades psicométricas do EADES, SSES, PEMS e do Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) quando aplicados a adultos jovens brasileiros e 3. verificar a influência de características demográficas nos conceitos avaliados pelos instrumentos. Métodos: Participaram do estudo indivíduos com idade entre 18 e 35 anos. As versões em português do EADES, da SSES e da PEMS foram elaboradas. As propriedades psicométricas de todos os instrumentos foram estimadas utilizando análise fatorial exploratória e/ou confirmatória. A validade e a confiabilidade dos dados foram avaliadas. Modelos estruturais foram construídos a fim de avaliar a influência de características amostrais nos conceitos avaliados por cada instrumento. As trajetórias (B) foram estimadas e avaliadas com o teste z (α=5%). Resultados: As versões em português do EADES, da SSES e da PEMS foram bem compreendidas pelos participantes. Após diferentes refinamentos, os modelos fatoriais de cada instrumento foram ajustados para as amostras (EADES mulheres: CFI=0,90; TLI=0,90; RMESA=0,08; IC90%RMSEA=0,075-0,080; α=0,89-0,93); homens: CFI=0,91; TLI=0,91; RMSEA=0,07; IC90%RMSEA=0,071-0,078; α=0,90-0,93/ SSES mulheres: CFI=0,95; TLI=0,93; SRMR=0,06; α=0,94; homens: CFI=0,94; TLI=0,92; SRMR=0,07; α=0,93/ PEMS amostra total: CFI=0,96; TLI=0,96; SRMR=0,062; RMSEA=0,088; IC90%RMSEA=0,084-0,095; α=0,76-0,94/ MEQ mulheres: CFI=0,93; TLI=0,92; SRMR=0,07; α=0,72-0,85; homens: CFI=0,93; TLI=0,91; SRMR=0,08; α=0,73-0,86). Em relação aos diferentes modelos estruturais, em geral, observou-se que sexo, índice de massa corporal e idade influenciaram significativamente nos diferentes conceitos avaliados pelos instrumentos sendo que mulheres, indivíduos classificados com sobrepeso/obesidade e aqueles mais jovens podem ser considerados grupos suscetíveis ao desenvolvimento de comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais. Conclusão: As versões em português do EADES, da SSES e da PEMS foram apresentados na literatura e podem integrar a investigação do comportamento alimentar de adultos jovens brasileiros. Os dados obtidos com o EADES, SSES, PEMS e MEQ foram válidos e confiáveis e as características demográficas são importantes quando da investigação do comportamento alimentar dos indivíduos.
Introduction: Eating behavior can be influenced by different aspects and for this reason the biopsychosociocultural understanding of this concept is necessary. Given the influence that psychological, social and cultural factors can have on people's eating, the use of instruments capable of capturing latent concepts and producing valid and reliable data becomes important. Aims: The present study was developed with three aims: 1. to present the Portuguese version of the Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress Questionnaire (EADES), the Salzburg Stress Eating Scale (SSES) and the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS); 2. estimate the psychometric properties of the EADES, SSES, PEMS and the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) when applied to Brazilian young adults and 3. verify the influence of demographic characteristics on the concepts assessed by the instruments. Methods: Individuals aged between 18 and 35 years participated in the study. Portuguese versions of EADES, SSES and PEMS were developed. The psychometric properties of all instruments were estimated using exploratory and/or confirmatory factor analysis. The validity and reliability of the data were evaluated. Structural models were built in order to assess the influence of sample characteristics on the concepts evaluated by each instrument. The trajectories (β) were estimated and evaluated with the z test (α=5%). Results: The Portuguese versions of EADES, SSES and PEMS were well understood by the participants. After different refinements, the factor models of each instrument were adjusted for the samples (EADES female: CFI=0.90; TLI=0.90; RMESA=0.08; IC90%RMSEA=0.075-0.080; α=0.89 -0.93); male: CFI=0.91; TLI=0.91; RMSEA=0.07; IC90%RMSEA=0.071-0.078; α=0.90-0.93/ SSES female: CFI=0.95; TLI=0.93; SRMR=0.06; α=0.94; male: CFI=0.94; TLI=0.92; SRMR=0.07; α=0.93/ PEMS total sample: CFI=0.96; TLI=0.96; SRMR=0.062; RMSEA=0.088; IC90%RMSEA=0.084-0.095; α=0.76-0.94/ MEQ female: CFI=0.93; TLI=0.92; SRMR=0.07; α=0.72-0.85; male: CFI=0.93; TLI=0.91; SRMR=0.08; α=0.73-0.86). Regarding the different structural models, in general, it was observed that sex, body mass index and age significantly influenced the different concepts evaluated by the instruments, with women, individuals classified as overweight/obesity and younger individuals being considered susceptible groups to development of dysfunctional eating behaviors. Conclusion: The Portuguese versions of the EADES, SSES and PEMS were presented in the literature and can contribute to the investigation of part of the eating behavior of Brazilian young adults. The data obtained with the EADES, SSES, PEMS and MEQ were valid and reliable and demographic characteristics are important when investigating the eating behavior of individuals.
Introduction: Eating behavior can be influenced by different aspects and for this reason the biopsychosociocultural understanding of this concept is necessary. Given the influence that psychological, social and cultural factors can have on people's eating, the use of instruments capable of capturing latent concepts and producing valid and reliable data becomes important. Aims: The present study was developed with three aims: 1. to present the Portuguese version of the Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress Questionnaire (EADES), the Salzburg Stress Eating Scale (SSES) and the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS); 2. estimate the psychometric properties of the EADES, SSES, PEMS and the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) when applied to Brazilian young adults and 3. verify the influence of demographic characteristics on the concepts assessed by the instruments. Methods: Individuals aged between 18 and 35 years participated in the study. Portuguese versions of EADES, SSES and PEMS were developed. The psychometric properties of all instruments were estimated using exploratory and/or confirmatory factor analysis. The validity and reliability of the data were evaluated. Structural models were built in order to assess the influence of sample characteristics on the concepts evaluated by each instrument. The trajectories (β) were estimated and evaluated with the z test (α=5%). Results: The Portuguese versions of EADES, SSES and PEMS were well understood by the participants. After different refinements, the factor models of each instrument were adjusted for the samples (EADES female: CFI=0.90; TLI=0.90; RMESA=0.08; IC90%RMSEA=0.075-0.080; α=0.89 -0.93); male: CFI=0.91; TLI=0.91; RMSEA=0.07; IC90%RMSEA=0.071-0.078; α=0.90-0.93/ SSES female: CFI=0.95; TLI=0.93; SRMR=0.06; α=0.94; male: CFI=0.94; TLI=0.92; SRMR=0.07; α=0.93/ PEMS total sample: CFI=0.96; TLI=0.96; SRMR=0.062; RMSEA=0.088; IC90%RMSEA=0.084-0.095; α=0.76-0.94/ MEQ female: CFI=0.93; TLI=0.92; SRMR=0.07; α=0.72-0.85; male: CFI=0.93; TLI=0.91; SRMR=0.08; α=0.73-0.86). Regarding the different structural models, in general, it was observed that sex, body mass index and age significantly influenced the different concepts evaluated by the instruments, with women, individuals classified as overweight/obesity and younger individuals being considered susceptible groups to development of dysfunctional eating behaviors. Conclusion: The Portuguese versions of the EADES, SSES and PEMS were presented in the literature and can contribute to the investigation of part of the eating behavior of Brazilian young adults. The data obtained with the EADES, SSES, PEMS and MEQ were valid and reliable and demographic characteristics are important when investigating the eating behavior of individuals.
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Palavras-chave
Comportamento alimentar, Validade, Confiabilidade, Emoções, Consciência, Eating behavior, Validity, Reliability, Emotions, Awareness