Manejo de Spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. Smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) nas culturas de milho, feijão, soja e trigo: integração de controles químico e comportamental
Carregando...
Data
2023-08-01
Autores
Santos, Daniel Mariano [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A utilização da sucessão de culturas, plantios escalonados e culturas irrigadas, proporciona alimento disponível ao longo do ano para os insetos pragas. Entre as pragas que são beneficiadas está o complexo de noctuidae, destacando-se as espécies Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), Chrysodeixis includens (Walker), Rachiplusia nu (Guenée), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) e Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). O desenvolvimento de ferramentas de manejo mais sustentáveis ao meio ambiente é importante para assegurar o potencial produtivo das culturas. O controle comportamental com a utilização de feromônios tem potencial de ser utilizado no manejo de Noctuidae, para S.frugiperda. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da confusão sexual pela utilização do feromônio, integrado ao controle químico, no manejo de S. frugiperda, além dos impactos nas populações de adultos de C. includens, R. nu e Helicoverpa spp. O produto comercial utilizado foi PHEROGEN® na dose 90ml/ha, que possui registro para S.frugiperda. O estudo foi realizado em uma fazenda que utiliza de sucessão de culturas como soja, milho, trigo e feijão e as áreas foram divididas através do sistema de irrigação (pivô central) com cinco áreas que foram monitoradas de 20/08/2021 a 22/02/2022 no município de Itaí SP. As áreas tiveram a seguinte divisão: pivôs 3 (30 ha) e 6 (33 ha) sem controle comportamental e pivôs 1 (80 ha), 5 (65 ha), 4 (45 ha) com controle comportamental. Para avaliar os insetos foram utilizadas armadilhas “delta” com isca atrativa (feromônio de monitoramento). O controle comportamental foi eficiente na confusão sexual S. frugiperda reduzindo a captura total de insetos por área, média total de captura, média semanal de captura. O controle comportamental afetou a captura de C. includens nos cultivos de soja e trigo, reduzindo a captura. No cultivo da soja afetou a captura R. nu aumentando a captura e a média total. Para Helicoverpa spp. não ocorreu influência do manejo comportamental.
The implementation of crop succession, staggered planting schedules, and irrigation techniques serves to maintain a year-round food supply for pest insects. Among the pests that derive benefits from such agricultural practices, the noctuid complex, comprising species such as Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), Chrysodeixis includens (Walker), Rachiplusia nu (Guenée), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), stands out. The pursuit of environmentally sustainable management tools holds significant importance in safeguarding the productive potential of agricultural crops. One promising avenue in this regard is the utilization of behavioral control through the application of pheromones, particularly concerning S. frugiperda. The primary aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of sexual confusion achieved through pheromone application, when integrated with chemical control methods, in the management of S. frugiperda. Furthermore, the study aimed to investigate the effects of this approach on the populations of adult C. includens, R. nu, and Helicoverpa spp. The commercial product employed for this purpose was PHEROGEN®, administered at a rate of 90 ml/ha, which is registered for S. frugiperda. The study was conducted within a farm that`s by a crop rotation strategy involving soybean, corn, wheat, and beans. The farm's irrigation system was based on center pivots. The monitoring period spanned from August 20, 2021, to February 22, 2022, in the municipality of Itaí-SP. The farm's areas were categorized as follows: pivots 3 (30 ha) and 6 (33 ha) without behavioral control measures and pivots 1 (80 ha), 5 (65 ha), 4 (45 ha) with behavioral control measures.Insects were monitored using 'delta' traps equipped with attractive bait (pheromones for monitoring). The results demonstrated that behavioral control effectively induced sexual confusion in S. frugiperda, resulting in reductions in the total insect captures per unit area, the overall average capture rate, and the weekly average capture rate. Additionally, behavioral control exerted an impact on the captures of C. includens in both soybean and wheat cultivations, leading to reductions in their capture rates. In the case of soybean cultivation, behavioral control influenced the capture rates of R. nu, leading to an increase in both the number of captures and the overall average capture rate. However, no significant influence of behavioral management was observed on the population of Helicoverpa spp.
The implementation of crop succession, staggered planting schedules, and irrigation techniques serves to maintain a year-round food supply for pest insects. Among the pests that derive benefits from such agricultural practices, the noctuid complex, comprising species such as Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), Chrysodeixis includens (Walker), Rachiplusia nu (Guenée), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), stands out. The pursuit of environmentally sustainable management tools holds significant importance in safeguarding the productive potential of agricultural crops. One promising avenue in this regard is the utilization of behavioral control through the application of pheromones, particularly concerning S. frugiperda. The primary aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of sexual confusion achieved through pheromone application, when integrated with chemical control methods, in the management of S. frugiperda. Furthermore, the study aimed to investigate the effects of this approach on the populations of adult C. includens, R. nu, and Helicoverpa spp. The commercial product employed for this purpose was PHEROGEN®, administered at a rate of 90 ml/ha, which is registered for S. frugiperda. The study was conducted within a farm that`s by a crop rotation strategy involving soybean, corn, wheat, and beans. The farm's irrigation system was based on center pivots. The monitoring period spanned from August 20, 2021, to February 22, 2022, in the municipality of Itaí-SP. The farm's areas were categorized as follows: pivots 3 (30 ha) and 6 (33 ha) without behavioral control measures and pivots 1 (80 ha), 5 (65 ha), 4 (45 ha) with behavioral control measures.Insects were monitored using 'delta' traps equipped with attractive bait (pheromones for monitoring). The results demonstrated that behavioral control effectively induced sexual confusion in S. frugiperda, resulting in reductions in the total insect captures per unit area, the overall average capture rate, and the weekly average capture rate. Additionally, behavioral control exerted an impact on the captures of C. includens in both soybean and wheat cultivations, leading to reductions in their capture rates. In the case of soybean cultivation, behavioral control influenced the capture rates of R. nu, leading to an increase in both the number of captures and the overall average capture rate. However, no significant influence of behavioral management was observed on the population of Helicoverpa spp.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
controle comportamental, Spodoptera frugiperda, Chrysodeixis includens, Rachiplusia nu, Helicoverpa spp, Behavioral control