Colors and some morphological traits as defensive mechanisms in anurans

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dc.contributor.authorToledo, Luís Felipe
dc.contributor.authorHaddad, Célio F. B. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-27T11:24:04Z
dc.date.available2014-05-27T11:24:04Z
dc.date.issued2009-12-01
dc.description.abstractAnurans may be brightly colored or completely cryptic. Generally, in the former situation, we are dealing with aposematism, and the latter is an example of camouflage. However, these are only simple views of what such colorations really mean and which defensive strategy is implied. For instance, a brightly colored frog may be part of a mimicry ring, which could be either Batesian, Müllerian, or Browerian. These are only examples of the diversity of color-usage systems as defensive strategies. Unfortunately, reports on the use of colors as defensive mechanisms are widespread in the available literature, and the possible functions are rarely mentioned. Therefore, we reviewed the literature and added new data to this subject. Then, we the use of colors (as defensive mechanism) into categories. Mimicry was divided into the subcategories camouflage, homotypy, and nondeceitful homotypy, and these groups were also subcategorized. Dissuasive coloration was divided into behavioral display of colors, polymorphism, and polyphenism. Aposematism was treated apart, but aposematic colorations may be present in other defensive strategies. Finally, we propose functions and forms of evolution for some color systems in post-metamorphic anurans and hope that this review can be the basis for future research, even on other animal groups. © 2009 L. F. Toledo and C. F. B. Haddad.en
dc.description.affiliationMuseu de Zoologia Prof. Dr. Adão José Cardoso Instituto de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Albert Einstein s/n CP 6109, 13083-863 Campinas, SP
dc.description.affiliationDepartamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 199, 13506-970 Rio Claro, SP
dc.description.affiliationUnespDepartamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 199, 13506-970 Rio Claro, SP
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/910892
dc.identifier.citationInternational Journal of Zoology.
dc.identifier.doi10.1155/2009/910892
dc.identifier.file2-s2.0-77953169722.pdf
dc.identifier.issn1687-8477
dc.identifier.issn1687-8485
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-77953169722
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/71314
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Journal of Zoology
dc.relation.ispartofsjr0,209
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso aberto
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectAnimalia
dc.subjectAnura
dc.titleColors and some morphological traits as defensive mechanisms in anuransen
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.licensehttp://www.hindawi.com/journals/aaa/guidelines/
unesp.author.lattes0458077399058762[2]
unesp.author.orcid0000-0002-7044-5764[2]
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claropt

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