Recovery of phytotoxicity induced by carfentrazone in corn and cotton crops by foliar supplementation with monoammonium phosphate
Carregando...
Data
2023-06-02
Autores
Oliveira, Josiane Aparecida Viveiros de
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estresse oxidativo, seja ele biótico ou abiótico, pode causar danos severos nas culturas agrícolas, dentre elas o milho. O uso de herbicidas para controle de plantas daninhas, apesar de eficiente, pode levar a planta ao estresse químico, devido a fitotoxicidade às culturas, elevando de forma significativa a produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio nas plantas (EROs) e afetando diretamente e de forma significativa a produtividade final da cultura. No caso do herbicida carfentrazone-ethyl, ocorre o acúmulo de espécies reativas de oxigênio no citoplasma, que resulta em rompimento das membranas e o aparecimento de manchas cloróticas nas folhas. Entre os manejos estudados para mitigar tais efeitos, o uso de nutrientes via foliar, tem ganhado espaço neste setor. Essa prática visa uma nutrição específica para a planta, não a fim de substituir a adubação convencional, mas sim como uma suplementação em um momento determinado do desenvolvimento da cultura. O nitrogênio e o fósforo exercem funções importantes para as plantas, tais como participar da fotossíntese e da formação de ATP, transporte de assimilados, divisão celular, ativação do sistema antioxidante, afetando diretamente na produtividade final da cultura, e quando aplicados via foliar, entram diretamente nos processos metabólicos da planta, proporcionando respostas mais rápidas. Dessa forma, nesse estudo foi realizado aplicação do herbicida na cultura do milho, induzindo estresse sobre as plantas, para posterior aplicação de MAP via foliar a fim de avaliar os efeitos desses nutrientes na recuperação da fitotoxicidade da cultura. Foram avaliados estado nutricional das plantas, trocas gasosas, pigmentos, enzimas fotossintéticas, metabolismo antioxidante, estresse oxidativo, aminoácidos, metabólitos e análises biométricas.
Oxidative stress, whether biotic or abiotic, can cause severe damage to agricultural crops, including corn. The use of herbicides to control weeds, although efficient, can lead the plant to chemical stress, due to phytotoxicity to crops, significantly increasing the production of reactive oxygen species in plants (ROS) and directly and significantly affecting significant to the final productivity of the crop. In the case of the carfentrazone-ethyl herbicide, there is an accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the cytoplasm, which results in rupture of the membranes and the appearance of chlorotic spots on the leaves. Among the management practices studied to mitigate such effects, the use of nutrients via the leaves has gained space in this sector. This practice aims at specific nutrition for the plant, not in order to replace conventional fertilization, but rather as a supplement at a given moment in the development of the crop. Nitrogen and phosphorus perform important functions for plants, such as participating in photosynthesis and ATP formation, transport of assimilates, cell division, activation of the antioxidant system, directly affecting the final productivity of the crop, and when applied via the leaves, they enter directly in the metabolic processes of the plant, providing faster responses. Thus, in this study, the herbicide was applied to the corn crop, inducing stress on the plants, for subsequent application of MAP via the leaves in order to evaluate the effects of these nutrients on the recovery of the phytotoxicity of the crop. Plant nutritional status, gas exchange, pigments, photosynthetic enzymes, antioxidant metabolism, oxidative stress, amino acids, metabolites and biometric analysis were evaluated.
Oxidative stress, whether biotic or abiotic, can cause severe damage to agricultural crops, including corn. The use of herbicides to control weeds, although efficient, can lead the plant to chemical stress, due to phytotoxicity to crops, significantly increasing the production of reactive oxygen species in plants (ROS) and directly and significantly affecting significant to the final productivity of the crop. In the case of the carfentrazone-ethyl herbicide, there is an accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the cytoplasm, which results in rupture of the membranes and the appearance of chlorotic spots on the leaves. Among the management practices studied to mitigate such effects, the use of nutrients via the leaves has gained space in this sector. This practice aims at specific nutrition for the plant, not in order to replace conventional fertilization, but rather as a supplement at a given moment in the development of the crop. Nitrogen and phosphorus perform important functions for plants, such as participating in photosynthesis and ATP formation, transport of assimilates, cell division, activation of the antioxidant system, directly affecting the final productivity of the crop, and when applied via the leaves, they enter directly in the metabolic processes of the plant, providing faster responses. Thus, in this study, the herbicide was applied to the corn crop, inducing stress on the plants, for subsequent application of MAP via the leaves in order to evaluate the effects of these nutrients on the recovery of the phytotoxicity of the crop. Plant nutritional status, gas exchange, pigments, photosynthetic enzymes, antioxidant metabolism, oxidative stress, amino acids, metabolites and biometric analysis were evaluated.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Foliar fertilization, Carfentrazone, Elimination of ROS, Productivity, Antioxidant system, Adubação foliar, Eliminação de EROs, Produtividade, Sistema antioxidante