Intriguing thigmonastic (sensitive) stamens in the Plains Prickly Pear Opuntia polyacantha (Cactaceae)

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dc.contributor.authorCota-Sánchez, J. Hugo
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Odair J.G. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorFalconer, Denver J.
dc.contributor.authorChoi, Hyeok Jae
dc.contributor.authorBevan, Lewis
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of Saskatchewan
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionChangwon National University
dc.contributor.institutionMaple Creek Composite High School
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-27T11:29:01Z
dc.date.available2014-05-27T11:29:01Z
dc.date.issued2013-05-01
dc.description.abstractThe movement of sensitive stamens in flowers of the Plains Prickly Pear (Opuntia polyacantha) is described in detail along with the external and internal filament anatomy. The goals of this investigation were: (1) to provide a synthesis of floral phenology and determine whether this rather unique stamen movement is nastic or a tropism and (2) to conduct macro- and micro-morphological analyses of filaments to determine if there are anatomical traits associated with this movement. To better understand the internal and external structure in sensitive filaments of O. polyacantha, we performed comparative anatomical analyses in two additional species from the Opuntioideae with stamens lacking such sensitivity. The consistent unidirectional movement of stamens, independent of the area stimulated, indicates a thigmonastic response. This movement serves multiple purposes, from enhancing pollen presentation to facilitating cross-pollination, protecting pollen and preventing insects from robbing pollen. Anatomically, the sensitive and non-sensitive filaments exhibit different tissue organization. Cuticle thickness, presence of capsular structures, two layers of curved cells, and more and larger intercellular spaces are characteristic of sensitive filaments. A thin unicellular epidermal layer is characteristic in sensitive filaments versus 2-3 epidermal layers in non-sensitive filaments. Another striking feature in sensitive filaments is the presence of papillae and capsular structures. We believe that these elements are related to water mobility with subsequent contraction during the thigmonastic response. Capsular structures might have a role in fluid mobility according to the stimulus of the filaments. We hypothesize that the thigmonastic response is controlled by cells with elastic properties, as evidenced by the plasmolyzed curved and contracted cells in the filaments and the fact that the movement is activated by changes in cell turgor followed by contraction as a result of plasmolysis. © 2013 Elsevier GmbH.en
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Biology University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2
dc.description.affiliationDepartamento de Botânica Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP 13509-900
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Biology Changwon National University, 20 Changwondae-ro, Uichang-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongnam 641-773
dc.description.affiliationMaple Creek Composite High School, Box 369, Maple Creek, SK S0N 1N0
dc.description.affiliationUnespDepartamento de Botânica Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP 13509-900
dc.format.extent381-389
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2013.04.009
dc.identifier.citationFlora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, v. 208, n. 5-6, p. 381-389, 2013.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.flora.2013.04.009
dc.identifier.issn0367-2530
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84879836957
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/75211
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000322559200010
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofFlora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants
dc.relation.ispartofjcr1.365
dc.relation.ispartofsjr0,570
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restrito
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectCapsular structure
dc.subjectFilament anatomy
dc.subjectPollination
dc.subjectSensitive stamens
dc.subjectStamen movement
dc.subjectTactile papillae
dc.subjectanatomy
dc.subjectcactus
dc.subjectinsect
dc.subjectmorphology
dc.subjectmovement
dc.subjectphenology
dc.subjectpollen
dc.subjectpollination
dc.subjectCactaceae
dc.subjectHexapoda
dc.subjectOpuntia
dc.subjectOpuntia polyacantha
dc.subjectOpuntioideae
dc.titleIntriguing thigmonastic (sensitive) stamens in the Plains Prickly Pear Opuntia polyacantha (Cactaceae)en
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.licensehttp://www.elsevier.com/about/open-access/open-access-policies/article-posting-policy
unesp.author.orcid0000-0003-3506-738X[2]
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claropt

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