Can DNA barcoding accurately discriminate megadiverse Neotropical freshwater fish fauna?

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dc.contributor.authorPereira, Luiz H.G.
dc.contributor.authorHanner, Robert
dc.contributor.authorForesti, Fausto
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Claudio
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of Guelph
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-27T11:28:39Z
dc.date.available2014-05-27T11:28:39Z
dc.date.issued2013-03-09
dc.description.abstractBackground: The megadiverse Neotropical freshwater ichthyofauna is the richest in the world with approximately 6,000 recognized species. Interestingly, they are distributed among only 17 orders, and almost 80% of them belong to only three orders: Characiformes, Siluriformes and Perciformes. Moreover, evidence based on molecular data has shown that most of the diversification of the Neotropical ichthyofauna occurred recently. These characteristics make the taxonomy and identification of this fauna a great challenge, even when using molecular approaches. In this context, the present study aimed to test the effectiveness of the barcoding methodology (COI gene) to identify the mega diverse freshwater fish fauna from the Neotropical region. For this purpose, 254 species of fishes were analyzed from the Upper Parana River basin, an area representative of the larger Neotropical region.Results: Of the 254 species analyzed, 252 were correctly identified by their barcode sequences (99.2%). The main K2P intra- and inter-specific genetic divergence values (0.3% and 6.8%, respectively) were relatively low compared with similar values reported in the literature, reflecting the higher number of closely related species belonging to a few higher taxa and their recent radiation. Moreover, for 84 pairs of species that showed low levels of genetic divergence (<2%), application of a complementary character-based nucleotide diagnostic approach proved useful in discriminating them. Additionally, 14 species displayed high intra-specific genetic divergence (>2%), pointing to at least 23 strong candidates for new species.Conclusions: Our study is the first to examine a large number of freshwater fish species from the Neotropical area, including a large number of closely related species. The results confirmed the efficacy of the barcoding methodology to identify a recently radiated, megadiverse fauna, discriminating 99.2% of the analyzed species. The power of the barcode sequences to identify species, even with low interspecific divergence, gives us an idea of the distribution of inter-specific genetic divergence in these megadiverse fauna. The results also revealed hidden genetic divergences suggestive of reproductive isolation and putative cryptic speciation in some species (23 candidates for new species). Finally, our study constituted an important contribution to the international Barcoding of Life (iBOL.org) project, providing barcode sequences for use in identification of these species by experts and non-experts, and allowing them to be available for use in other applications. © 2013 Pereira et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.en
dc.description.affiliationLaboratory of Biology and Genetic of Fish Department of Morphology Biosciences Institute, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo
dc.description.affiliationBiodiversity Institute of Ontario and Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-14-20
dc.identifier.citationBMC Genetics, v. 14.
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/1471-2156-14-20
dc.identifier.file2-s2.0-84874678861.pdf
dc.identifier.issn1471-2156
dc.identifier.lattes0804793944846367
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84874678861
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/74815
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000316677800001
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofBMC Genetics
dc.relation.ispartofjcr2.469
dc.relation.ispartofsjr1,160
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso aberto
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectBiodiversity.
dc.subjectCharaciformes
dc.subjectCOI
dc.subjectOverlooked species
dc.subjectSiluriformes
dc.subjectUpper Paraná River basin
dc.subjectclinical effectiveness
dc.subjectDNA barcoding
dc.subjectfreshwater fish
dc.subjectgene sequence
dc.subjectgenetic variability
dc.subjectnonhuman
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectBiodiversity
dc.subjectCatfishes
dc.subjectDNA Barcoding, Taxonomic
dc.subjectPerciformes
dc.subjectPhylogeny
dc.subjectRivers
dc.subjectSouth America
dc.subjectPisces
dc.titleCan DNA barcoding accurately discriminate megadiverse Neotropical freshwater fish fauna?en
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.licensehttp://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license
unesp.author.lattes0804793944846367
unesp.author.orcid0000-0001-9435-6347[1]
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatupt

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