Diversidade acústica e distribuição temporal de teleósteos na Baía do Flamengo, Ubatuba, São Paulo
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2024-03-28
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Vários processos seletivos afetaram os mecanismos de comunicação entre peixes ósseos, com destaque para a produção de sons. Esses sons, que podem ser pulsos isolados, sequências de pulsos ou sons tonais, estão relacionados a uma variedade de comportamentos, como cortejo, desova, alimentação e proteção contra predadores, além de estarem associados à formação de grupos que caracterizam eventos sonoros conhecidos como coros de peixes. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi caracterizar a diversidade acústica das espécies de peixes teleósteos na Baía do Flamengo, em Ubatuba, utilizando métodos de pesquisa não invasivos. A coleta de dados foi realizada na Baía do Flamengo, Ubatuba, no litoral norte do estado de São Paulo, onde os sons foram registrados por um dispositivo de gravação autônomo (AudioMoth v1.2.0) submerso a cerca de 1 m de profundidade. Os dados coletados ao longo das quatro estações do ano foram analisados por meio de escuta e avaliação visual, utilizando o programa Raven Pro 1.6.5. Em seguida, foram calculados os índices de diversidade acústica (ACI e H), e os parâmetros medidos foram comparados usando os testes de Kruskal-Wallis para comparação múltipla não-paramétrica e o pós teste de Dunn. Foram avaliadas 5900 amostras de sinais acústicos, agrupadas em 22 frequências dominantes. Os resultados indicaram maior atividade dos animais no verão, com uma média mais alta dos valores de H nessa estação, enquanto os valores médios de ACI foram mais elevados no inverno, sendo o valor máximo observado durante a noite dessa estação. As diferenças sazonais nas emissões de sons podem ser influenciadas pela temperatura da água e pelo ciclo lunar.
Several selected processes affected the communication mechanisms between bony fish, with emphasis on the production of sounds. These sounds, which can be isolated pulses, sequences of pulses or tonal sounds, are related to a variety of behaviors, such as courtship, spawning, feeding and protection against predators, in addition to being associated with the formation of groups that characterize sound events known as choruses. of fish. The main objective of this study was to characterize the acoustic diversity of teleost fish species in Flamengo Bay, in Ubatuba, using non-invasive research methods. Data collection was carried out in Flamengo Bay, Ubatuba, on the north coast of the state of São Paulo, where sounds were recorded by an autonomous recording device (AudioMoth v1.2.0) submerged at a depth of approximately 1 m. The data collected throughout the four seasons of the year were analyzed through listening and visual evaluation, using the Raven Pro 1.6.5 program. Then, the acoustic diversity indices (ACI and H) were calculated, and the measured parameters were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test for non-parametric multiple comparison and Dunn's post test. 5900 samples of acoustic signals were evaluated, grouped into 22 dominant frequencies. The results indicated greater activity of the animals in summer, with a higher average of H values in this season, while the average ACI values were higher in winter, with the maximum value observed during the night in that season. Seasonal differences in sound emissions can be influenced by water temperature and the lunar cycle.
Several selected processes affected the communication mechanisms between bony fish, with emphasis on the production of sounds. These sounds, which can be isolated pulses, sequences of pulses or tonal sounds, are related to a variety of behaviors, such as courtship, spawning, feeding and protection against predators, in addition to being associated with the formation of groups that characterize sound events known as choruses. of fish. The main objective of this study was to characterize the acoustic diversity of teleost fish species in Flamengo Bay, in Ubatuba, using non-invasive research methods. Data collection was carried out in Flamengo Bay, Ubatuba, on the north coast of the state of São Paulo, where sounds were recorded by an autonomous recording device (AudioMoth v1.2.0) submerged at a depth of approximately 1 m. The data collected throughout the four seasons of the year were analyzed through listening and visual evaluation, using the Raven Pro 1.6.5 program. Then, the acoustic diversity indices (ACI and H) were calculated, and the measured parameters were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test for non-parametric multiple comparison and Dunn's post test. 5900 samples of acoustic signals were evaluated, grouped into 22 dominant frequencies. The results indicated greater activity of the animals in summer, with a higher average of H values in this season, while the average ACI values were higher in winter, with the maximum value observed during the night in that season. Seasonal differences in sound emissions can be influenced by water temperature and the lunar cycle.
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Bioacústica, Biodiversidade, Ubatuba - SP, Peixes teleósteos
Como citar
Pereira, Luiza Rossato. Diversidade acústica e distribuição temporal de teleósteos na Baía do Flamengo, Ubatuba, São Paulo. 2024. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biodiversidade de Ambientes Costeiros) - Instituto de Biociências do Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Vicente, 2023.