Produção de carotenoides por Rhodotorula mucilaginosa utilizando glicose e manipueira
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Data
2022-09-08
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Carotenoides são pigmentos cujas cores variam do amarelo ao vermelho, podendo ser produzidos sinteticamente ou de maneira considerada natural, através de plantas e micro-organismos. A utilização desses micro-organismos em processos fermentativos para a produção dos pigmentos em questão tem sido estimulada devido a relatos de alterações metabólicas advindas de corantes sintéticos. Além disso, tal produção pode ter seu custo reduzido ao utilizar coprodutos agroindustriais como substrato. Adicionalmente, esse processo requer uma extração eficiente dos pigmentos realizada, na maioria dos casos, pelo dimetilsulfóxido, um solvente tóxico. Assim, esse estudo pesquisou a utilização da manipueira e glicose como substratos para a produção de carotenoides pela levedura Rhodotorula mucilaginosa URM 7409, bem como o uso de técnicas e solventes alternativos para a extração dos pigmentos e a quantificação do β-caroteno obtido nesse processo. Os resultados mostraram aumentos de 92,89% e 85,59% nas eficiências de produção volumétrica de carotenoides e de produção de biomassa, respectivamente, quando o meio de cultivo era composto por 8% v/v de manipueira e 50 g/L de glicose em relação ao meio contendo 4% v/v do coproduto e 30 g/L de glicose. Também foi verificado que o uso de etanol ou dimetilsulfóxido, independentemente da técnica combinada, não apresentou diferença significativa na extração dos pigmentos, apesar da maior recuperação de β-caroteno ter sido observada quando o primeiro solvente foi utilizado na extração. Dessa maneira, demonstrou-se o potencial do uso de coprodutos agroindustriais como substratos em processos fermentativos para a obtenção de carotenoides e verificou-se que o etanol, associado a ultrassom ou pérolas de vidro, pode ser utilizado como um substituinte ao dimetilsulfóxido na extração desses pigmentos.
Carotenoids are pigments whose colors vary from yellow to red and can be produced synthetically or in a natural way, by plants and microorganisms. The use of these microorganisms in fermentation processes for the production of the pigments in question has been stimulated due to reports of metabolic alterations resulting from synthetic dyes. Moreover, such production can have the cost reduced by using agroindustrial coproducts as substrate. Additionally, this process requires an efficient extraction of the pigments carried out, in most cases, by dimethyl sulfoxide, a toxic solvent. Thus, this study investigated the use of cassava wastewater and glucose as substrates for the production of carotenoids by the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa URM 7409, as well as the use of alternative techniques and solvents for the extraction of pigments, and the quantification of β-carotene obtained in this process. The results showed increases of 98.89% and 85.59% in the efficiencies of volumetric production of carotenoids and biomass production, respectively, when the culture medium was composed by 8% v/v of cassava wastewater and 50 g/L of glucose in relation to the medium containing 4% v/v of the coproduct and 30 g/L of glucose. It was also verified that the use of ethanol or dimethyl sulfoxide, regardless of the combined technique, did not present a significant difference in the extraction of pigments, despite the higher recovery of β-carotene being observed when the first solvent was used in the extraction. In this way, the potential of using agroindustrial coproducts as substrates in fermentation processes to obtain carotenoids was demonstrated and it was verified that ethanol, associated with ultrasound or glass beads, can be used as a substitute for dimethyl sulfoxide in the extraction of these pigments.
Carotenoids are pigments whose colors vary from yellow to red and can be produced synthetically or in a natural way, by plants and microorganisms. The use of these microorganisms in fermentation processes for the production of the pigments in question has been stimulated due to reports of metabolic alterations resulting from synthetic dyes. Moreover, such production can have the cost reduced by using agroindustrial coproducts as substrate. Additionally, this process requires an efficient extraction of the pigments carried out, in most cases, by dimethyl sulfoxide, a toxic solvent. Thus, this study investigated the use of cassava wastewater and glucose as substrates for the production of carotenoids by the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa URM 7409, as well as the use of alternative techniques and solvents for the extraction of pigments, and the quantification of β-carotene obtained in this process. The results showed increases of 98.89% and 85.59% in the efficiencies of volumetric production of carotenoids and biomass production, respectively, when the culture medium was composed by 8% v/v of cassava wastewater and 50 g/L of glucose in relation to the medium containing 4% v/v of the coproduct and 30 g/L of glucose. It was also verified that the use of ethanol or dimethyl sulfoxide, regardless of the combined technique, did not present a significant difference in the extraction of pigments, despite the higher recovery of β-carotene being observed when the first solvent was used in the extraction. In this way, the potential of using agroindustrial coproducts as substrates in fermentation processes to obtain carotenoids was demonstrated and it was verified that ethanol, associated with ultrasound or glass beads, can be used as a substitute for dimethyl sulfoxide in the extraction of these pigments.
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Pigmentos, Coprodutos agroindustriais, β-caroteno, Extração, Pigments, Agroindustrial coproducts, β-carotene, Extraction