Glycogen storage and muscle glucose transporters (GLUT-4) of mice selectively bred for high voluntary wheel running

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dc.contributor.authorGomes, Fernando R. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorRezende, Enrico L.
dc.contributor.authorMalisch, Jessica L.
dc.contributor.authorLee, Sun K.
dc.contributor.authorRivas, Donato A.
dc.contributor.authorKelly, Scott A.
dc.contributor.authorLytle, Christian
dc.contributor.authorYaspelkis III, Ben B.
dc.contributor.authorGarland Jr., Theodore
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of California
dc.contributor.institutionCalifornia State University Northridge
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-27T11:23:51Z
dc.date.available2014-05-27T11:23:51Z
dc.date.issued2009-01-15
dc.description.abstractTo examine the evolution of endurance-exercise behaviour, we have selectively bred four replicate lines of laboratory mice (Mus domesticus) for high voluntary wheel running ('high runner' or HR lines), while also maintaining four non-selected control (C) lines. By generation 16, HR mice ran ∼2.7-fold more than C mice, mainly by running faster (especially in females), a differential maintained through subsequent generations, suggesting an evolutionary limit of unknown origin. We hypothesized that HR mice would have higher glycogen levels before nightly running, show greater depletion of those depots during their more intense wheel running, and have increased glycogen synthase activity and GLUT-4 protein in skeletal muscle. We sampled females from generation 35 at three times (photophase 07:00 h-19:00 h) during days 5-6 of wheel access, as in the routine selection protocol: Group 1, day 5, 16:00 h-17:30 h, wheels blocked from 13:00 h; Group 2, day 6, 02:00 h-03:30 h (immediately after peak running); and Group 3, day 6, 07:00 h-08:30 h. An additional Group 4, sampled 16:00 h-17:30 h, never had wheels. HR individuals with the mini-muscle phenotype (50% reduced hindlimb muscle mass) were distinguished for statistical analyses comparing C, HR normal, and HR mini. HR mini ran more than HR normal, and at higher speeds, which might explain why they have been favored by the selective-breeding protocol. Plasma glucose was higher in Group 1 than in Group 4, indicating a training effect (phenotypic plasticity). Without wheels, no differences in gastrocnemius GLUT-4 were observed. After 5 days with wheels, all mice showed elevated GLUT-4, but HR normal and mini were 2.5-fold higher than C. At all times and irrespective of wheel access, HR mini showed approximately three-fold higher [glycogen] in gastrocnemius and altered glycogen synthase activity. HR mini also showed elevated glycogen in soleus when sampled during peak running. All mice showed some glycogen depletion during nightly wheel running, in muscles and/or liver, but the magnitude of this depletion was not large and hence does not seem to be limiting to the evolution of even-higher wheel running.en
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Biology University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
dc.description.affiliationExercise Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Kinesiology California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 911330-8287
dc.description.affiliationDivision of Biomedical Sciences University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
dc.description.affiliationDepartamento de Fisiologia Instituto de Biociências UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-000
dc.description.affiliationUnespDepartamento de Fisiologia Instituto de Biociências UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-000
dc.format.extent238-248
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.025296
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Experimental Biology, v. 212, n. 2, p. 238-248, 2009.
dc.identifier.doi10.1242/jeb.025296
dc.identifier.issn0022-0949
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-58149339840
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/70922
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Experimental Biology
dc.relation.ispartofjcr3.179
dc.relation.ispartofsjr1,611
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restrito
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectAdaptive plasticity
dc.subjectArtificial selection
dc.subjectExperimental evolution
dc.subjectGLUT-4
dc.subjectGlycogen
dc.subjectPhenotypic plasticity
dc.subjectSelection limit
dc.subjectVoluntary exercise
dc.subjectglucose transporter 4
dc.subjectglycogen
dc.subjectglycogen synthase
dc.subjectanimal
dc.subjectcomparative study
dc.subjectexercise
dc.subjectfemale
dc.subjectgenetics
dc.subjectglucose blood level
dc.subjectmetabolism
dc.subjectmouse
dc.subjectmouse strain
dc.subjectoutbred strain
dc.subjectphenotype
dc.subjectskeletal muscle
dc.subjecttime
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectAnimals, Outbred Strains
dc.subjectBlood Glucose
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectGlucose Transporter Type 4
dc.subjectGlycogen Synthase
dc.subjectMice
dc.subjectMice, Inbred Strains
dc.subjectMuscle, Skeletal
dc.subjectPhenotype
dc.subjectPhysical Exertion
dc.subjectTime Factors
dc.subjectMus
dc.subjectMus musculus domesticus
dc.titleGlycogen storage and muscle glucose transporters (GLUT-4) of mice selectively bred for high voluntary wheel runningen
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.licensehttp://www.biologists.com/copyright_permissions.html
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatupt

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