Uso de aditivos minerais melhoradores de desempenho na dieta de leitões recém-desmamados
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Data
2023-07-25
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os efeitos da inclusão de dióxido de silício (SIL) e baixa dose de óxido de zinco ativado (ZnA) em substituição à alta dose de óxido de zinco convencional nas dietas de leitões desmamados sobre o desempenho produtivo, incidência de diarreia, permeabilidade intestinal, expressão gênica de proteínas das junções oclusivas intestinais, microbiota intestinal e concentração de AGCC no ceco. Para isso, foram utilizados 72 leitões recém-desmamados com idade média de 21 dias de linhagem genética comercial (6,07 ± 0,54kg) distribuídos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com três tratamentos, oito repetições e três animais por baia (36 dias de experimento): CON= Dieta basal com 120ppm de antimicrobiano (Halquinol) e inclusão de zinco (3.000ppm na fase Pré-inicial 1; 2.000ppm na fase Pré-Inicial 2 e 1.200ppm na fase Inicial) na forma de óxido de zinco convencional; SIL = Dieta basal com 120ppm de antimicrobiano (Halquinol) e inclusão de zinco (3.000ppm na fase Pré-inicial 1; 2.000ppm na fase Pré-Inicial 2 e 1.200ppm na fase Inicial) na forma de óxido de zinco convencional e 200ppm de dióxido de silício em todas as fases; ZnA = Dieta basal com 120ppm de antimicrobiano (Halquinol) e inclusão de zinco (600ppm na fase Pré-inicial I; 400 ppm na fase Pré-inicial II e 200 ppm na fase Inicial) na forma de óxido de zinco ativado. Os leitões alimentados com SIL apresentaram melhor conversão alimentar (P=0,022) no período de 0 a 36 dias em relação aos leitões da dieta CON, enquanto que não houve diferença para incidência de diarreia. Os animais alimentados com ZnA apresentaram menor permeabilidade intestinal do jejuno (P<0,05) em relação aos animais do grupo CON. Para a expressão gênica de proteínas das junções oclusivas e microbiota intestinal, não houve diferença entre os tratamentos (P>0,05). A concentração de ácido butírico foi maior (P=0,004) nos animais suplementados com SIL em relação aos animais do grupo CON. Conclui-se, que a suplementação de baixa dose zinco ativado manteve o desempenho dos animais, diminuiu a permeabilidade intestinal, mostrando-se ser alternativo ao uso de altas doses de ZnO. Além disso, a inclusão de sílica foi promissora para modular a produção de ácido butírico, principal combustível para as células intestinais.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of including silicon dioxide (SIL) and low level of activated zinc oxide (ZnA) to replace high level of conventional zinc oxide in the diets of weaned piglets on productive performance, diarrhea incidence, intestinal permeability, gene expression of intestinal tight junctions proteins, intestinal microbiota, and concentration of SCFA (short-chain fatty acids) in the cecum. For this, 72 weaned piglets with an average age of 21 days from commercial genetic line (6.07 ± 0.54 kg) were used and distributed in a randomized complete block design with three treatments, eight replicates, and three animals per pen (36 days of the experiment): CON = Basal diet with 120 ppm antimicrobial (Halquinol) and inclusion of zinc (3,000 ppm in the Pre-Starter 1 phase; 2,000 ppm in the Pre-Starter 2 phase, and 1,200 ppm in the Starter phase) as conventional zinc oxide; SIL = Basal diet with 120 ppm antimicrobial (Halquinol) and inclusion of zinc (3,000 ppm in the Pre-Starter 1 phase; 2,000 ppm in the Pre-Starter 2 phase, and 1,200 ppm in the Starter phase) as conventional zinc oxide and 200 ppm silicon dioxide in all phases; ZnA = Basal diet with 120 ppm antimicrobial (Halquinol) and inclusion of zinc (600 ppm in the Pre-Starter 1 phase; 400 ppm in the Pre-Starter 2 phase, and 200 ppm in the Starter phase) as activated zinc oxide. Piglets fed SIL showed better feed conversion (P=0.022) during the 0–36-day period than piglets fed CON diet, while there was no difference in diarrhea incidence. Animals fed ZnA showed lower jejunal intestinal permeability (P<0.05) than pigs fed CON diet. There were no differences among treatments for gene expression of tight junction proteins genes and intestinal microbiota (P>0.05). The concentration of butyric acid was higher (P=0.004) in animals fed SIL than animals fed CON. In conclusion, the supplementation of low level of activated zinc-maintained animal performance, decreased intestinal permeability, showing to be an alternative to the use of high level of ZnO. Furthermore, the inclusion of silica was promising to modulate butyric acid production, the main fuel for intestinal cells.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of including silicon dioxide (SIL) and low level of activated zinc oxide (ZnA) to replace high level of conventional zinc oxide in the diets of weaned piglets on productive performance, diarrhea incidence, intestinal permeability, gene expression of intestinal tight junctions proteins, intestinal microbiota, and concentration of SCFA (short-chain fatty acids) in the cecum. For this, 72 weaned piglets with an average age of 21 days from commercial genetic line (6.07 ± 0.54 kg) were used and distributed in a randomized complete block design with three treatments, eight replicates, and three animals per pen (36 days of the experiment): CON = Basal diet with 120 ppm antimicrobial (Halquinol) and inclusion of zinc (3,000 ppm in the Pre-Starter 1 phase; 2,000 ppm in the Pre-Starter 2 phase, and 1,200 ppm in the Starter phase) as conventional zinc oxide; SIL = Basal diet with 120 ppm antimicrobial (Halquinol) and inclusion of zinc (3,000 ppm in the Pre-Starter 1 phase; 2,000 ppm in the Pre-Starter 2 phase, and 1,200 ppm in the Starter phase) as conventional zinc oxide and 200 ppm silicon dioxide in all phases; ZnA = Basal diet with 120 ppm antimicrobial (Halquinol) and inclusion of zinc (600 ppm in the Pre-Starter 1 phase; 400 ppm in the Pre-Starter 2 phase, and 200 ppm in the Starter phase) as activated zinc oxide. Piglets fed SIL showed better feed conversion (P=0.022) during the 0–36-day period than piglets fed CON diet, while there was no difference in diarrhea incidence. Animals fed ZnA showed lower jejunal intestinal permeability (P<0.05) than pigs fed CON diet. There were no differences among treatments for gene expression of tight junction proteins genes and intestinal microbiota (P>0.05). The concentration of butyric acid was higher (P=0.004) in animals fed SIL than animals fed CON. In conclusion, the supplementation of low level of activated zinc-maintained animal performance, decreased intestinal permeability, showing to be an alternative to the use of high level of ZnO. Furthermore, the inclusion of silica was promising to modulate butyric acid production, the main fuel for intestinal cells.
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Suíno, creche, promotor de crescimento, óxido de zinco ativado, sílica, Swine, performance, intestinal permeability, activated zinc oxide, silica