Abordagem clínica de micos-leões-pretos
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Data
2023-07-13
Autores
Amaral, Rodrigo Gonçalves [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estudo de parâmetros clínicos permite responder questões relacionadas ao funcionamento de um organismo e seus mecanismos associados. Dentre esses parâmetros, estão os índices hematológicos e bioquímicos, que são importantes indicadores do estado sanitário dos animais. No entanto, para avaliar possíveis alterações no estado de saúde das populações, é necessário conhecer os valores basais dos índices hematológicos e bioquímicos da espécie. Portanto, tais linhas de base constituem uma ferramenta essencial para a conservação de espécies, especialmente aquelas em risco de extinção e ainda pouco estudadas. Este é o caso do mico-leão-preto (MLP- Leontopithecus chrysopygus), um primata de pequeno porte, endêmico do Estado de São Paulo. Neste trabalho: 1) criamos um banco de dados com valores hematológicos e biométricos basais do MLP de vida livre; 2) avaliamos o estado geral de saúde das populações de MLP de vida livre de cinco áreas de estudo por meio de exame clínico; 3) exploramos variações dos parâmetros sanguíneos entre sexo e faixa etária; 4) exploramos variações dos parâmetros sanguíneos entre as áreas Buri e Guareí; 5) investigamos se o uso de mochilas dataloggers (Axytrek dataloggers, TechnoSmart®) gerou alterações nos parâmetros hematológicos e físicos. Capturamos 68 indivíduos (45 machos e 23 fêmeas), sendo 20 indivíduos recapturados 1 a 3 vezes, totalizando 87 amostras para bioquímica, 64 para hemograma e 98 para biometria e parâmetros vitais. Entre os indivíduos capturados, 11 apresentaram alterações ao exame físico, como escore corporal diminuído, alopecia extensa e necrose na extremidade da cauda. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas dos parâmetros sanguíneos entre os sexos, apenas entre faixa etária. Adultos apresentaram valores de creatinina, hemácias, hemoglobina e monócito absoluto mais elevados, e valores de ureia, fosfatase alcalina, fósforo, linfócito relativo e hematócrito mais baixos do que os jovens. Quando comparado a Buri, em Guareí foram observados valores maiores de ureia, linfócitos absolutos e bilirrubina direta, enquanto os valores de sódio, eosinófilo relativo e gama glutamil transferase foram menores. Dos três indivíduos nos quais foram instaladas as mochilas dataloggers, apenas um apresentou alteração clínica, o que inclui lesão na musculatura peitoral e perda de peso. Até o presente momento, a literatura não apresenta dados referentes aos parâmetros hematológicos e biométricos do mico-leão-preto. Esses dados serão divulgados em primeira mão e poderão servir como referência na interpretação de exames futuros, além de auxiliar na elaboração dos Valores de Referência. No entanto, é importante ressaltar a necessidade de estudos clínicos adicionais como virológicos, microbiológicos, sorológicos e parasitológicos para um melhor entendimento desses valores e dos fatores que podem influenciá-los.
The study of clinical parameters allows us to address questions related to the functioning of an organism and its associated mechanisms. Among these parameters are hematological and biochemical indices, which are important indicators of the health status of animals. However, to assess possible changes in the health status of populations, it is necessary to know the baseline values of hematological and biochemical indices for the species. Therefore, such baseline values constitute an essential tool for species conservation, especially for those at risk of extinction and still poorly studied. This is the case for the black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus), a small primate endemic to the state of São Paulo. In this study: 1) we created a database with baseline hematological and biometric values for free-ranging black lion tamarins; 2) we evaluated the overall health status of free-ranging black lion tamarin populations from five study areas through clinical examination; 3) we explored variations in blood parameters between sexes and age groups; 4) we explored variations in blood parameters between the Buri and Guareí areas; 5) investigate whether the use of backpack dataloggers (Axytrek dataloggers, TechnoSmart®) caused alterations in hematological and physical parameters. We captured 68 individuals (45 males and 23 females), with 20 individuals recaptured 1 to 3 times, totaling 87 samples for biochemistry, 64 for hematology, and 98 for biometrics and vital parameters. Among the captured individuals, 11 showed alterations in physical examination, such as decreased body condition score, extensive alopecia, and necrosis at the tail tip. No significant differences were found in blood parameters between sexes, only between age groups. Adults had higher values of creatinine, red blood cells, hemoglobin, and absolute monocyte count, and lower values of urea, alkaline phosphatase, phosphorus, relative lymphocyte count, and hematocrit compared to juveniles. When compared to Buri, higher values of urea, absolute lymphocyte count, and direct bilirubin were observed in Guareí, while sodium, relative eosinophil count, and gamma-glutamyl transferase values were lower. Among the three individuals fitted with backpack dataloggers, only one presented clinical alterations, including pectoral muscle injury and weight loss. To date, the literature does not provide data on hematological and biometric parameters of black lion tamarins. These data will be presented for the first time and can serve as a reference for the interpretation of future examinations, as well as assisting in the establishment of Reference Values. However, it is important to emphasize the need for additional clinical studies such as virology, sorology, microbiology and parasitology to better understand these values and the factors that may influence them.
The study of clinical parameters allows us to address questions related to the functioning of an organism and its associated mechanisms. Among these parameters are hematological and biochemical indices, which are important indicators of the health status of animals. However, to assess possible changes in the health status of populations, it is necessary to know the baseline values of hematological and biochemical indices for the species. Therefore, such baseline values constitute an essential tool for species conservation, especially for those at risk of extinction and still poorly studied. This is the case for the black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus), a small primate endemic to the state of São Paulo. In this study: 1) we created a database with baseline hematological and biometric values for free-ranging black lion tamarins; 2) we evaluated the overall health status of free-ranging black lion tamarin populations from five study areas through clinical examination; 3) we explored variations in blood parameters between sexes and age groups; 4) we explored variations in blood parameters between the Buri and Guareí areas; 5) investigate whether the use of backpack dataloggers (Axytrek dataloggers, TechnoSmart®) caused alterations in hematological and physical parameters. We captured 68 individuals (45 males and 23 females), with 20 individuals recaptured 1 to 3 times, totaling 87 samples for biochemistry, 64 for hematology, and 98 for biometrics and vital parameters. Among the captured individuals, 11 showed alterations in physical examination, such as decreased body condition score, extensive alopecia, and necrosis at the tail tip. No significant differences were found in blood parameters between sexes, only between age groups. Adults had higher values of creatinine, red blood cells, hemoglobin, and absolute monocyte count, and lower values of urea, alkaline phosphatase, phosphorus, relative lymphocyte count, and hematocrit compared to juveniles. When compared to Buri, higher values of urea, absolute lymphocyte count, and direct bilirubin were observed in Guareí, while sodium, relative eosinophil count, and gamma-glutamyl transferase values were lower. Among the three individuals fitted with backpack dataloggers, only one presented clinical alterations, including pectoral muscle injury and weight loss. To date, the literature does not provide data on hematological and biometric parameters of black lion tamarins. These data will be presented for the first time and can serve as a reference for the interpretation of future examinations, as well as assisting in the establishment of Reference Values. However, it is important to emphasize the need for additional clinical studies such as virology, sorology, microbiology and parasitology to better understand these values and the factors that may influence them.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Leontopithecus chrysopygus, Hematologia, Biometria, Hemograma, Callitrichidae, Mico-leão-preto, Hematology, Hemogram, Black lion tamarin, Bioquímica clínica, Sangue, Parâmetros, Bioquímica sanguínea, Biometrics parameters, Blood biochemistry