Nanopartículas poliméricas em associação com semioquímicos como estratégia para controle de pragas em agricultura
Carregando...
Data
2023-07-20
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os insetos-praga têm sido um dos problemas mais frequentes na agricultura, e uma variedade de alternativas tem sido buscadas para combatê-las. Como consequência, o setor agrícola tem intensificado o uso de agroquímicos, causando problemas significativos relacionados a poluição ambiental e riscos para a saúde humana. Neste contexto, o desenvolvimento de nanoformulações, pode reduzir a quantidade de agroquímicos utilizados e aumentar sua eficácia em comparação com as formulações convencionais, permitindo assim uma maior produtividade com menor impacto no ambiente e na saúde humana. Dentro deste contexto, está dissertação é apresentada em dois capítulos, o primeiro é uma revisão do potencial dos semioquímicos e da nanotecnologia na agricultura; e o segundo, vista o desenvolvimento de sistemas de liberação sustentada de semioquímicos, neste caso o salicilato de metila como princípio ativo, para o manejo de pragas. Os sistemas nanocarreadores foram baseados em nanopartículas de zeína sendo inseridos em um sistema de suporte produzido por protótipos impressos em 3D. As nanopartículas de zeína como sistema carreador mostraram um tamanho hidrodinâmico médio na faixa de 130-134 nm, o índice de polidispersão de 0,147 – 0,149, potencial Zeta de 20 ± 0,6 mV, com uma alta eficiência de encapsulamento (>99%). Além disso, de acordo com a análise, os protótipos apresentam uma superfície adequada para o suporte e aderência das nanopartículas, cumprindo assim sua função de acordo com o seu objetivo inicial. Por outra parte, foi estudada a liberação de Salicilato de Metila (S_Met) em dois protótipos: S_Met SA-GL e NP-Zein with S_Met SA-GL. Foi observado que as nanopartículas tem um efeito na modulação da liberação de S_Met, reduzindo sua liberação em aproximadamente 10 vezes nas primeiras 24 horas. A aplicação de um modelo matemático mostrou que a liberação nos protótipos de S_Met SA-GL é resultado de transporte anômalo, enquanto que nos protótipos NP-Zein with S_Met SA-GL ocorreu por relaxação da parede polimérica ou erosão. O uso de NP-Zein pode melhorar a eficácia e o uso sustentável de S_Met em aplicações agrícolas para controle de pragas e é apresentado como uma ferramenta promissora para promover uma liberação sustentada, protegendo contra a volatilização e melhorando a estabilidade físico-química e a vida útil da molécula. Estes resultados, mostraram o grande potencial dos protótipos como carreadores do salicilato de metila, visando o controle de inimigos naturais de algumas espécies de pragas agrícolas.
Insect pests have been one of the most frequent problems in agriculture, and a variety of alternatives have been sought to combat them. As a result, the agricultural sector has intensified the use of agrochemicals, causing significant problems related to environmental pollution and risks to human health. In this context, the development of nanoformulations can reduce the amount of agrochemicals used and increase their efficacy compared to conventional formulations, thus enabling greater productivity with less impact on the environment and human health. Within this context, this dissertation is presented in two chapters, the first being a review of the potential of semiochemicals and nanotechnology in agriculture; and the second, focusing on the development of sustained release systems of semiochemicals, in this case methyl salicylate as an active ingredient, for pest management. The nanocarrier systems were based on zein nanoparticles being inserted into a support system produced by 3D printed prototypes. The zein nanoparticles as carrier systems showed an average hydrodynamic size in the 130-134 nm range, PDI of 0.147 - 0.149, Zeta potential of 20 ± 0.6 mV, with a high encapsulation efficiency (>99%). In addition, according to the analysis, the prototypes have a suitable surface for the support and adhesion of nanoparticles, thus fulfilling their function according to their initial purpose. On the other hand, the release of Methyl Salicylate (S_Met) was studied in two prototypes: S_Met SA-GL and NP-Zein with S_Met SA-GL. It was observed that nanoparticles modulate the release of S_Met, reducing its release by approximately 10 times in the first 24 hours. The application of a mathematical model showed that the release in S_Met SA-GL prototypes is the result of anomalous transport, while in NP Zein with S_Met SA-GL prototypes, it occurred due to relaxation of the polymeric wall or erosion. The use of NP-Zein can improve the effectiveness and sustainable use of S_Met in agricultural applications for pest control and is presented as a promising tool to promote sustained release, protecting against volatilization and improving the physical chemical stability and shelf life of the molecule. These results showed the great potential of prototypes as carriers of methyl salicylate, aiming at controlling natural enemies of some species of agricultural pests.
Insect pests have been one of the most frequent problems in agriculture, and a variety of alternatives have been sought to combat them. As a result, the agricultural sector has intensified the use of agrochemicals, causing significant problems related to environmental pollution and risks to human health. In this context, the development of nanoformulations can reduce the amount of agrochemicals used and increase their efficacy compared to conventional formulations, thus enabling greater productivity with less impact on the environment and human health. Within this context, this dissertation is presented in two chapters, the first being a review of the potential of semiochemicals and nanotechnology in agriculture; and the second, focusing on the development of sustained release systems of semiochemicals, in this case methyl salicylate as an active ingredient, for pest management. The nanocarrier systems were based on zein nanoparticles being inserted into a support system produced by 3D printed prototypes. The zein nanoparticles as carrier systems showed an average hydrodynamic size in the 130-134 nm range, PDI of 0.147 - 0.149, Zeta potential of 20 ± 0.6 mV, with a high encapsulation efficiency (>99%). In addition, according to the analysis, the prototypes have a suitable surface for the support and adhesion of nanoparticles, thus fulfilling their function according to their initial purpose. On the other hand, the release of Methyl Salicylate (S_Met) was studied in two prototypes: S_Met SA-GL and NP-Zein with S_Met SA-GL. It was observed that nanoparticles modulate the release of S_Met, reducing its release by approximately 10 times in the first 24 hours. The application of a mathematical model showed that the release in S_Met SA-GL prototypes is the result of anomalous transport, while in NP Zein with S_Met SA-GL prototypes, it occurred due to relaxation of the polymeric wall or erosion. The use of NP-Zein can improve the effectiveness and sustainable use of S_Met in agricultural applications for pest control and is presented as a promising tool to promote sustained release, protecting against volatilization and improving the physical chemical stability and shelf life of the molecule. These results showed the great potential of prototypes as carriers of methyl salicylate, aiming at controlling natural enemies of some species of agricultural pests.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Nanotecnologia, Agricultura sustentável, Controle de pragas, Liberação sustentável, Salicilato de Metila, Nanotechnology, Sustainable agriculture, Pest control, Sustainable release, Methyl salicylate