Desenvolvimento inicial, padrões morfológicos e germinação em Sinningia speciosa (Lodd.) Hiern (Gesneriaceae)
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Data
2023-06-28
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Gesneriaceae é uma família de distribuição Pantropical com centros de diversidade na América do Sul como Colômbia, Equador e Brasil. A espécie apresenta uma diversidade de padrões florais que podem ser comercializadas como ornamentais. Assim, objetivou-se analisar a emergência de sete variedades de Sinningia speciosa, uma espécie ornamental de Gesneeriaceae, tendo como variáveis a germinação (G), índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE) e tempo médio de emergência (TME) e descrever a morfologia das plântulas e das sementes por meio de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV). No experimento, foi adotado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, utilizando sete tratamentos com cinco repetições de 20 sementes e para cada tratamento foi utilizado uma variedade diferente sendo elas: T1 (Purple Extra Big X Self), T2 (Pink Mutante X Self), T3 (Mamanga), T4 (Búzios Valério), T5 (São Fidelis) T6 (Mamanga 2) e T7 (White Slipper X Self). As variáveis analisadas foram submetidas à análise de variância (ANOVA) e diferenças significativas entre as médias foram determinadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a nível de 5% probabilidade. As variedades de sementes apresentaram formato elíptico, ligeiramente espiral, com pequenas cavidades ao longo de toda a sua estrutura, apresentando comprimento variando de 597,0 a 699,5 µm e largura entre 396,7 a 485,5 µm. A germinação é considerada epígea do tipo fanerocotiledonar, cotilédones de superfície não lisa caracterizada pela presença de tricomas e raízes adventícias com colo marcado. As plântulas após 35 dias de sua emergência apresentaram comprimento médio de raiz de 5,47 mm e 7,45 mm de parte aérea, tendo nesta fase o maior número de folhas com presença ou não de nervuras em seu limbo foliar. Os resultados demonstraram que os T6 e T3 exibiram melhores resultados com valores de germinação de 69% e 42% respectivamente. O mesmo foi verificado para o IVE com valores médios de 0,56 para o T6 e 0,36 para o T3. Os tratamentos para a variável TME não apresentaram diferença significativa, tendo uma emergência tardia com registros de última emergência em dois meses após a montagem do experimento. Com base nos resultados obtidos a variedade “Mamanga” se destaca em relação às outras variedades e híbridos de Sinningia speciosa em relação aos parâmetros germinativos estudados.
Gesneriaceae is a family of Pantropical distribution with centers of diversity in South America such as Colombia, Ecuador and Brazil. The species presents a diversity of floral patterns that can be commercialized as ornamental. Thus, the objective was to analyze the emergence of seven varieties of Sinningia speciosa, an ornamental species of Gesneeriaceae, having as variables germination (G), emergence speed index (IVE) and average emergence time (TME) and to describe the morphology of seedlings and seeds by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In the experiment, a completely randomized design was adopted, using seven treatments with five replications of 20 seeds and for each treatment a different variety was used: T1 (Purple Extra Big X Self), T2 (Pink Mutante X Self), T3 (Mamanga), T4 (Búzios Valério), T5 (São Fidelis) T6 (Mamanga 2) and T7 (White Slipper X Self). The variables analyzed were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant differences between means were determined by the Scott-Knott test at a 5% probability level. The seed varieties had an elliptical, slightly spiral shape, with small cavities along their entire structure, with length ranging from 597.0 to 699.5 µm and width between 396.7 to 485.5 µm. Germination is considered epigeal of the phanerocotyledonary type, cotyledons with a non-smooth surface characterized by the presence of trichomes and adventitious roots with a marked neck. The seedlings, after 35 days of emergence, had an average root length of 5.47 mm and 7.45 mm of aerial part, having at this stage the highest number of leaves with or without the presence of veins in the leaf blade. The results demonstrated that T6 and T3 showed better results with germination values of 69% and 42% respectively. The same was verified for IVE with mean values of 0.56 for T6 and 0.36 for T3. The treatments for the TME variable did not show a significant difference, with a late emergence with records of the last emergence in two months after the experiment was set up. Based on the results obtained, the “Mamanga” variety stands out in relation to other varieties and hybrids of Sinningia speciosa in relation to the studied germination parameters.
Gesneriaceae is a family of Pantropical distribution with centers of diversity in South America such as Colombia, Ecuador and Brazil. The species presents a diversity of floral patterns that can be commercialized as ornamental. Thus, the objective was to analyze the emergence of seven varieties of Sinningia speciosa, an ornamental species of Gesneeriaceae, having as variables germination (G), emergence speed index (IVE) and average emergence time (TME) and to describe the morphology of seedlings and seeds by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In the experiment, a completely randomized design was adopted, using seven treatments with five replications of 20 seeds and for each treatment a different variety was used: T1 (Purple Extra Big X Self), T2 (Pink Mutante X Self), T3 (Mamanga), T4 (Búzios Valério), T5 (São Fidelis) T6 (Mamanga 2) and T7 (White Slipper X Self). The variables analyzed were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant differences between means were determined by the Scott-Knott test at a 5% probability level. The seed varieties had an elliptical, slightly spiral shape, with small cavities along their entire structure, with length ranging from 597.0 to 699.5 µm and width between 396.7 to 485.5 µm. Germination is considered epigeal of the phanerocotyledonary type, cotyledons with a non-smooth surface characterized by the presence of trichomes and adventitious roots with a marked neck. The seedlings, after 35 days of emergence, had an average root length of 5.47 mm and 7.45 mm of aerial part, having at this stage the highest number of leaves with or without the presence of veins in the leaf blade. The results demonstrated that T6 and T3 showed better results with germination values of 69% and 42% respectively. The same was verified for IVE with mean values of 0.56 for T6 and 0.36 for T3. The treatments for the TME variable did not show a significant difference, with a late emergence with records of the last emergence in two months after the experiment was set up. Based on the results obtained, the “Mamanga” variety stands out in relation to other varieties and hybrids of Sinningia speciosa in relation to the studied germination parameters.
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Palavras-chave
Germinação, Hibridação, Semente, Germination, Hybridization, Seed