Análise da toxicidade e da mutagenicidade de um solo de landfarming, proveniente de um refinaria de petróleo, antes e depois de processos que visam estimular a biodegradação de hidrocarbonetos
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Data
2010-06-02
Autores
Souza, Tatiana da Silva [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O sistema de biorremediação denominado landfarming tem sido utilizado por refinarias de petróleo para dispor e tratar, em grandes áreas de solo, localizadas na própria indústria, o resíduo sólido final gerado, que é composto por uma emulsão formada por água, diversas frações de hidrocarbonetos e metais. Contudo, em landfarmings, a biodegradação de algumas classes de hidrocarbonetos pode levar tempo, meses ou anos. Desse modo, tratamentos complementares podem ser utilizados, visando estimular o metabolismo microbiano, tais como a adição de agentes descompactantes e nutrientes no solo. O progresso da biorremediação pode ser acompanhado por meio de medidas da concentração dos contaminantes de interesse, pela análise do metabolismo microbiano e por meio de ensaios biológicos que mensuram as atividades tóxica, genotóxica e mutagênica das amostras avaliadas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar os efeitos da adição de dois resíduos agroindustriais, casca de arroz e vinhaça, na biorremediação, na genotoxicidade e na mutagenicidade de um solo de landfarming proveniente de uma refinaria de petróleo, por meio de análises químicas, taxa de CO2 liberado por microrganismos e por meio do teste de anormalidades mitóticas e cromossômicas na espécie vegetal Allium cepa. Também foi objetivo desse trabalho avaliar o potencial bioindicador do invertebrado terrestre Rhinocricus padbergi após exposição a amostras do landfarming desativado. Análises histológicas e histoquímicas no intestino médio e no corpo gorduroso perivisceral do diplópodo foram realizadas. Os resultados do presente trabalho mostraram que a casca de arroz, empregada como agente descompactante do solo, constitui uma alternativa economicamente viável para a biorremediação de resíduos derivados da indústria do petróleo. A adição desse material promoveu um aumento da quantidade...
The bioremediation system called landfarming has been used by petroleum refineries to dispose and treat, in large areas of soil, located in the own industry, the final solid residue generated, which is composed by an emulsion formed by water, several fractions of hydrocarbons and metals. However, in landfarmings, the biodegradation of some classes of hydrocarbons can take time, months or years. Thus, complementary treatments can be used in order to stimulate the microbial metabolism, such as addition of uncompressing agents and nutrients in the soil. The bioremediation progress can be monitored by measuring the concentrations of contaminants of interest, by the analysis of the microbial metabolism and by biological assays that measure toxic, genotoxic and mutagenic activities of the assessed samples. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding two agroindustrial residues, rice hull and vinasse, in the bioremediation, genotoxicity and mutagenicity of a soil of landfarming from a petroleum refinery by chemical analyses, rate of CO2 released by microorganisms and by the mitotic and chromosomal abnormalities test in the plant species Allium cepa. It was also objective of this study assess the bioindicator potential of the terrestrial invertebrate Rhinocricus padbergi after exposure to deactivated landfarming samples. Histological and histochemical analyses of the midgut and fat body of this invertebrate were also carried out. The results of this study showed that rice hull, used as an uncompressing agent of the soil, constitutes an economically viable alternative for the bioremediation of residues derived from petroleum industry. The addition of this material promoted an increase in the quantity of CO2 released, decreased the concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) of the landfarming soil and reduced its genotoxicity. On the contrary, vinasse... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The bioremediation system called landfarming has been used by petroleum refineries to dispose and treat, in large areas of soil, located in the own industry, the final solid residue generated, which is composed by an emulsion formed by water, several fractions of hydrocarbons and metals. However, in landfarmings, the biodegradation of some classes of hydrocarbons can take time, months or years. Thus, complementary treatments can be used in order to stimulate the microbial metabolism, such as addition of uncompressing agents and nutrients in the soil. The bioremediation progress can be monitored by measuring the concentrations of contaminants of interest, by the analysis of the microbial metabolism and by biological assays that measure toxic, genotoxic and mutagenic activities of the assessed samples. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding two agroindustrial residues, rice hull and vinasse, in the bioremediation, genotoxicity and mutagenicity of a soil of landfarming from a petroleum refinery by chemical analyses, rate of CO2 released by microorganisms and by the mitotic and chromosomal abnormalities test in the plant species Allium cepa. It was also objective of this study assess the bioindicator potential of the terrestrial invertebrate Rhinocricus padbergi after exposure to deactivated landfarming samples. Histological and histochemical analyses of the midgut and fat body of this invertebrate were also carried out. The results of this study showed that rice hull, used as an uncompressing agent of the soil, constitutes an economically viable alternative for the bioremediation of residues derived from petroleum industry. The addition of this material promoted an increase in the quantity of CO2 released, decreased the concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) of the landfarming soil and reduced its genotoxicity. On the contrary, vinasse... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biodegradação, Biorremediação, Toxicologia genética, Cebola, Histopatologia, Genotoxicidade, Allium cepa, Genotoxicity, Onions
Como citar
SOUZA, Tatiana da Silva. Análise da toxicidade e da mutagenicidade de um solo de landfarming, proveniente de um refinaria de petróleo, antes e depois de processos que visam estimular a biodegradação de hidrocarbonetos. 2010. 237 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2010.