Estrutura da floresta de restinga do Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta (SP): bases para promover o enriquecimento com espécies arbóreas nativas em solos alterados
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Data
2004-12-20
Autores
Reis-Duarte, Rose Mary [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A vegetação de restinga é formada por comunidades vegetais associadas à Mata Atlântica, fisionomicamente distribuídas em mosaico, ocorrendo em áreas de grande diversidade ecológica, influenciadas especialmente pelas características do solo, sendo, por isso, classificadas como comunidades edáficas. É um dos ecossistemas mais frágeis e de baixa resiliência, e está sob intensa pressão de degradação, principalmente em função da especulação imobiliária. Aliado a isto, pouco se sabe sobre os processos ecológicos que promovem a homeostase em tal tipo de ambiente. As características do solo, seu teor de umidade e sua fertilidade podem ser considerados importantes fatores abióticos associados à estabilidade e ao potencial de recuperação das restingas. Estudos sobre o sistema solo - planta são escassos e são necessários para gerar propostas para recuperação dos processos biológicos deste ecossistema. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta, localizada no litoral Norte do Estado de São Paulo, entre as coordenadas geográficas 45º02' e 45º05' de longitude W e 23º31' e 23º34' de latitude Sul, na costa do Município de Ubatuba (SP), na Restinga das Palmas, com área de 13,82 ha, localizada entre a Praia das Palmas e o Morro do Farol. Teve por objetivo indicar espécies arbóreas nativas para serem empregadas nos processos de reabilitação e enriquecimento vegetal na recomposição da paisagem da Restinga das Palmas. De acordo com estes resultados, conclui-se que os fatores edáficos que influenciaram no estabelecimento e desenvolvimento dos diversos estágios sucessionais da floresta da Restinga das Palmas são decorrentes dos teores de umidade e de fertilidade do solo.
The sand coastal plain vegetation (Restinga Forest) is a type of ecosystem associated with the Atlantic Forest comprised of Mosaics, which occur in areas of great ecological diversity. Among such variety, the characteristics of the soil are those which mostly influence the forest, and as a consequence of that this vegetation is currently adressed to edaphic communities. The Restinga forest is one of the most fragile and susceptible ecosystems, showing low resilience particularly to human damage, namely construction industry. Little is known on the ecological processes, which promote homeostasis in such type of environment. Soil structure, especially humidity, as well as soil fertility parameters may be considered important factors related to Restinga Forest stability and recovery potential. Detailed investigation on the relationship between soil and vegetation is demanded in order to subsidize proposals for full development of plant communities in damaged areas. This work was carried out in the Anchieta Island State Park, northern coast of the state of São Paulo (45º02' - 45º05' W and 23º31' - 23º34' S), in the city of Ubatuba, Brazil. The studied area (13.82 ha) named Restinga das Palmas is located between Farol hill and Palmas beach, in the northern of the island. According to the results of this work we may conclude that soil characteristics influenced the Restinga Forest development, mainly the soil humidity and fertility. Twentyseven years is a period of time that has not onlt enabled different vegetation physionomies to get setted down in Restinga das Palmas, but also be self-susteinable in such conditions in such conditions. In a nutshell: the current vegetation physionomies reflect the direct impact caused by man, soil humidity and natural recover period of time.
The sand coastal plain vegetation (Restinga Forest) is a type of ecosystem associated with the Atlantic Forest comprised of Mosaics, which occur in areas of great ecological diversity. Among such variety, the characteristics of the soil are those which mostly influence the forest, and as a consequence of that this vegetation is currently adressed to edaphic communities. The Restinga forest is one of the most fragile and susceptible ecosystems, showing low resilience particularly to human damage, namely construction industry. Little is known on the ecological processes, which promote homeostasis in such type of environment. Soil structure, especially humidity, as well as soil fertility parameters may be considered important factors related to Restinga Forest stability and recovery potential. Detailed investigation on the relationship between soil and vegetation is demanded in order to subsidize proposals for full development of plant communities in damaged areas. This work was carried out in the Anchieta Island State Park, northern coast of the state of São Paulo (45º02' - 45º05' W and 23º31' - 23º34' S), in the city of Ubatuba, Brazil. The studied area (13.82 ha) named Restinga das Palmas is located between Farol hill and Palmas beach, in the northern of the island. According to the results of this work we may conclude that soil characteristics influenced the Restinga Forest development, mainly the soil humidity and fertility. Twentyseven years is a period of time that has not onlt enabled different vegetation physionomies to get setted down in Restinga das Palmas, but also be self-susteinable in such conditions in such conditions. In a nutshell: the current vegetation physionomies reflect the direct impact caused by man, soil humidity and natural recover period of time.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Florestas, Mata nativa, Restinga
Como citar
REIS-DUARTE, Rose Mary. Estrutura da floresta de restinga do Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta (SP): bases para promover o enriquecimento com espécies arbóreas nativas em solos alterados. 2004. 230 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, 2004.