Artroplastia total modular híbrida da articulação coxofemoral: estudo experimental em cães
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Data
2009-06-29
Autores
Minto, Bruno Watanabe [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A artroplastia total da articulação coxofemoral é a técnica cirúrgica mais comumente realizada para o tratamento da displasia coxofemoral canina grave. Diversos modelos e sistemas protéticos são descritos; desde os sistemas cimentados de cabeça femoral fixa que foram amplamente utilizados no passado, até os mais recentes, munidos de sistema osteointegravel e cabeça femoral intercambiável. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a aplicação de uma prótese total modular híbrida da articulação coxofemoral confeccionada no Brasil, em cães sadios, até 360 dias de pós-operatório. Foram utilizados 10 animais da espécie canina esqueleticamente maduros, sem raça definida, machos e fêmeas, com peso variando entre 19 e 27 kg, sem alterações no aparelho locomotor. Constituiu-se um único grupo experimental de animais submetidos ao procedimento de artroplastia total, utilizando-se componente femoral cimentado de cabeça intercambiável e componente acetabular não cimentado. Os cães foram submetidos ao exame clínico e radiográfico às 24 horas, e aos 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 e 360 dias após a cirurgia. A artroplastia total coxofemoral foi exequível. Sete dos 10 animais apresentaram escore excelente na locomoção, no período de avaliação final; dois apresentaram luxação protética com subsequente afrouxamento do componente femoral, sendo tratados por excisão artroplástica; um cão apresentou fratura completa do fêmur no pós-operatório imediato, e foi submetido à remoção dos componentes protéticos e osteossíntese. A artroplastia total modular híbrida da articulação coxofemoral canina proporcionou excelente resultado funcional do membro operado.
Total hip arthroplasty is the most accepted treatment for severe canine hip dysplasia. Several prosthetic devices and systems are available, from the old fixed head cemented prostheses to the modern uncemented modular ones. The aim of this study is to evaluate the surgical procedure and results of hybrid modular total hip prosthesis, developed in Brazil. Ten mature healthy mongrel dogs were used, their weight varied between 19 and 27kg. They did not have any orthopaedic problems. Hybrid modular total hip arthroplasty was performed in all 10 dogs. Cemented modular femoral stems and uncemented porous coated acetabular cups were used. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed before surgery and again at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 360 days postoperatively. The technique of total hip arthroplasty was performed without complications or difficulties. Excellent weight bearing was noticed on the operated limb in seven dogs. Luxation followed by loosening, was noticed in two dogs and they were properly treated with an femoral head osteotomy. A femoral fracture occured in one dog, which was properly treated with full implant removal and femoral ostheosynthesis. The canine hybrid modular total hip arthroplasty provided excellent function of the operated limb.
Total hip arthroplasty is the most accepted treatment for severe canine hip dysplasia. Several prosthetic devices and systems are available, from the old fixed head cemented prostheses to the modern uncemented modular ones. The aim of this study is to evaluate the surgical procedure and results of hybrid modular total hip prosthesis, developed in Brazil. Ten mature healthy mongrel dogs were used, their weight varied between 19 and 27kg. They did not have any orthopaedic problems. Hybrid modular total hip arthroplasty was performed in all 10 dogs. Cemented modular femoral stems and uncemented porous coated acetabular cups were used. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed before surgery and again at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 360 days postoperatively. The technique of total hip arthroplasty was performed without complications or difficulties. Excellent weight bearing was noticed on the operated limb in seven dogs. Luxation followed by loosening, was noticed in two dogs and they were properly treated with an femoral head osteotomy. A femoral fracture occured in one dog, which was properly treated with full implant removal and femoral ostheosynthesis. The canine hybrid modular total hip arthroplasty provided excellent function of the operated limb.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cão - Cirurgia, Articulação coxofemoral, Artroplastia, Ortopedia veterinaria, Total hip prostheses
Como citar
MINTO, Bruno Watanabe. Artroplastia total modular híbrida da articulação coxofemoral: estudo experimental em cães. 2009. 99 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 2009.