Zoneamento geoambiental do planalto de Poços de Caldas, MG/SP a partir de análise fisiográfica e pedoestratigráfica
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Data
2007-12-04
Autores
Moraes, Fernanda Tonizza [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho teve por objetivo reunir informações sobre o meio físico e estabelecer o zoneamento geoambiental da região do Planalto de Poços de Caldas, localizado na divisa entre os estados de Minas Gerais e São Paulo. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, geoprocessamento e fotointerpretação de imagens de satélite aliadas a pesquisas de campo para o levantamento e caracterização dos solos através da análise fisiográfica e pedoestratigráfica integradas. As paisagens da área de estudo puderam ser divididas em planálticas e aluviais, tendo sido proposta uma evolução e datação relativa destas paisagens. Cada unidade fisiográfica que caracteriza uma paisagem apresenta uma seqüência pedoestratigráfica típica. De forma geral, a região apresenta solos residuais recobertos por materiais alóctones de composição e idades variadas. Propôs-se a utilização do termo regolítico como referente a volumes de materiais discordantes no perfil, sendo estas discordâncias associadas à ocorrência de deposição de materiais alóctones, predominantemente gravitacionais e secundariamente colúvio-aluvionais. Para os materiais autóctones, ou seja, formados a partir da própria rocha do embasamento, sem nunca terem sofrido ação de transporte, cunhou-se o termo saprolítico. Deve-se deixar explícito que os materiais regolíticos são também influenciados pelas condições pedogênicas do ambiente em que foram depositados sendo assim, os materiais regolíticos encontram-se “saprolitizados”. Foram identificados três volumes regolíticos concrecionários e dois volumes saprolíticos residuais típicos da área de estudo. Após estas análises, foram estabelecidas seis zonas geoambientais em função da associação pedoestratigráfica reinante em cada unidade fisiográfica em conjunto com os tipos litológicos principais. As subzonas foram definidas em função da altimetria associada à morfoestrutura.
The present work aimed to gather mesological information and establish the geoenvironmental zonning of Poços de Caldas plateau region, located on the border of Minas Gerais and São Paulo states. The adopted procedure was bibliographical research, photointerpretation of remote sensing images along with in situ research in order to describe types of soils and the landscape through a physiographical and pedostratigraphical approach. The landscape of the area was able to be divided into the plateaued and the alluvium kinds. It was also proposed the evolution and associated age of these areas. Each unit of the landscape has its own pedostratigraphical sequence. Over all, the area presents residual soils that were buried by alloctonous materials which present different origins and ages. It was proposed the use of the term regolithic to define the alloctonous sequences of soils. To name the authoctonous profiles, those which have never been transported, the term saprolithic was used. It is important to notice that regolithic materials also suffer influence of the environmental conditions they have been deposited under. Being so, regolithic materials is found in a “saprolithical” state. Three regolithic and two saprolithical typical profiles were identified in the studied area. After these analyses, it was established six geoenvironmental zones according to the dominant pedostratigraphical association in each physiographic unit, along with the main lithological type. Subzones were defined by morphostructural and morphometrical analyses. It was considered the primary aspects of each geoenvironmental zone and subzone, corroborating the efficiency of pedostratigraphical and physiographical method in order to establish these zones.
The present work aimed to gather mesological information and establish the geoenvironmental zonning of Poços de Caldas plateau region, located on the border of Minas Gerais and São Paulo states. The adopted procedure was bibliographical research, photointerpretation of remote sensing images along with in situ research in order to describe types of soils and the landscape through a physiographical and pedostratigraphical approach. The landscape of the area was able to be divided into the plateaued and the alluvium kinds. It was also proposed the evolution and associated age of these areas. Each unit of the landscape has its own pedostratigraphical sequence. Over all, the area presents residual soils that were buried by alloctonous materials which present different origins and ages. It was proposed the use of the term regolithic to define the alloctonous sequences of soils. To name the authoctonous profiles, those which have never been transported, the term saprolithic was used. It is important to notice that regolithic materials also suffer influence of the environmental conditions they have been deposited under. Being so, regolithic materials is found in a “saprolithical” state. Three regolithic and two saprolithical typical profiles were identified in the studied area. After these analyses, it was established six geoenvironmental zones according to the dominant pedostratigraphical association in each physiographic unit, along with the main lithological type. Subzones were defined by morphostructural and morphometrical analyses. It was considered the primary aspects of each geoenvironmental zone and subzone, corroborating the efficiency of pedostratigraphical and physiographical method in order to establish these zones.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mapas de zoneamento, Ciência da solo, São Paulo (Estado), Minas Gerais, Solo, Paisagem, Pedologia, Evolução da paisagem, Soil, Landscape, Pedology, Landscape evolution
Como citar
MORAES, Fernanda Tonizza. Zoneamento geoambiental do planalto de Poços de Caldas, MG/SP a partir de análise fisiográfica e pedoestratigráfica. 2007. 173 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2007.