Susceptibilidade ao estresse, desempenho e qualidade de carne de suínos de diferentes categorias de castração e níveis de ractopamina
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Data
2013-06-03
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de quatro níveis de ractopamina (RAC - 0, 5, 10 e 15 mg/kg de ração) e de duas categorias de castração (MC-machos castrados e MI-machos imunocastrados) sobre o desempenho zootécnico dos 27 aos 60, 60 aos 136 e dos 136 aos 164 dias de idade, e características de carcaça dos suínos, abatidos aos 164 dias de idade. Foram selecionados 1160 leitões machos, de acordo com peso ao nascimento. As castrações cirúrgicas foram realizadas em metade dos leitões e os demais foram mantidos inteiros para posteriormente serem imunocastrados. A dieta suplementada com ractopamina foi fornecida de forma controlada, 28 dias antes do abate. Até os 136 dias de idade dos suínos, o modelo de variância foi aplicado para um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos (MC e MI), e a partir daí foi considerado um delineamento em blocos casualizados em arranjo fatorial (dois níveis de castração x quatro níveis de ractopamina). Constatou-se que não houve interação entre categorias de castração e níveis de ractopamina para nenhuma variável de desempenho e de carcaça avaliadas. Na fase de 60 a 136 dias, houve menor consumo de ração diário (P = 0,016), maior ganho diário de peso (P < 0,001) e melhora na conversão alimentar (P < 0,001) dos suínos imunocastrados. Na fase de 136 a 164 dias a suplementação de ractopamina na dieta de suínos promoveu aumento do ganho diário de peso (P < 0,001) e melhorou a conversão alimentar (P < 0,001), sem influenciar o consumo de ração...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of four levels of ractopamine (RAC - 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg / kg diet) and two categories of castration (MC-barrows and MI-immunocastrated males) on the performance from 27 to 60, 60 to 136 and 136 to 164 days of age, and carcass characteristics of pigs slaughtered at 164 days of age. Male piglets were selected in 1160, according to birth weight. The surgical castrations were performed on half of the piglets and the others were kept intact for later immunocastrated. The diet was supplemented with ractopamine delivered in a controlled 28 days before slaughter. Until 136 days of age of pigs, the model of variance was applied to a completely randomized design with two treatments (CM and IM), and thereafter was considered a randomized block design in a factorial arrangement (two levels of castration four levels ractopamine). It was found that there was no interaction between categories and castration levels of ractopamine any variable performance and carcass evaluated. In phase 60-136 days had lower daily feed intake (P = 0.016), higher average daily gain (P <0.001) and improved feed conversion (P <0.001) for pigs immunocastrated. In phase 136-164 days of ractopamine supplementation in pig diets promoted increased average daily gain (P <0.001) and improved feed conversion (P <0.001), without... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of four levels of ractopamine (RAC - 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg / kg diet) and two categories of castration (MC-barrows and MI-immunocastrated males) on the performance from 27 to 60, 60 to 136 and 136 to 164 days of age, and carcass characteristics of pigs slaughtered at 164 days of age. Male piglets were selected in 1160, according to birth weight. The surgical castrations were performed on half of the piglets and the others were kept intact for later immunocastrated. The diet was supplemented with ractopamine delivered in a controlled 28 days before slaughter. Until 136 days of age of pigs, the model of variance was applied to a completely randomized design with two treatments (CM and IM), and thereafter was considered a randomized block design in a factorial arrangement (two levels of castration four levels ractopamine). It was found that there was no interaction between categories and castration levels of ractopamine any variable performance and carcass evaluated. In phase 60-136 days had lower daily feed intake (P = 0.016), higher average daily gain (P <0.001) and improved feed conversion (P <0.001) for pigs immunocastrated. In phase 136-164 days of ractopamine supplementation in pig diets promoted increased average daily gain (P <0.001) and improved feed conversion (P <0.001), without... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Suino, Suino - Nutrição, Suino - Carcaças, Castração, Suino - Desempenho, Carne - Qualidade, Nutrition - Evaluation
Como citar
ATHAYDE, Natália Bortoleto. Susceptibilidade ao estresse, desempenho e qualidade de carne de suínos de diferentes categorias de castração e níveis de ractopamina. 2013. xiii, 76 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia de Botucatu, 2013.