Desenvolvimento inicial de leguminosa forrageira em simbiose com Rhizobium em substrato tratado com biossólido da indústria de laticínios
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2014-08-07
Autores
Machado, Lívia Rodrigues Dias [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho, foi avaliado o desenvolvimento inicial da leguminosa forrageira Canavalia ensiformis em interação com microorganismos capazes de estabelecer relações simbióticas, os denominados rizóbios, em substrato tratad com biossólido oriundo de indústria de laticínios. O substrato foi constituído por turfa (23%) e Cambissolo Háplico (77%), coletado na porção superior da bacia do ribeirão Guaratinguetá-SP, área degradada com risco de erosão, que apresenta relevo acentuado e solo exposto. O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação e dividido em dois blocos: Inoculado e Não inoculado. Cada bloco contou com 6 tratamentos de adubação, constituídos por: ausência de adubação; doses de biossólido em base seca equivalente à 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% da exigência nutricional da planta; e 100% da exigência nutricional da planta em adubação mineral. A Canavalia ensiformis não possui exigência nutricional em nitrogênio, portanto os cálculos das doses de adubação foram feitos com bae na exigência em fósforo. Avaliou-se o efeito da aplicação de biossólido no crescimento inicial da leguminosa, na nodulação e fixação do nitrogênio. Observou-se que com o aumento das doses de biossólido, as plantas não inoculadas apresentaram resposta crescente no rendimento de MSPA e MSR, enquanto as plantas inoculadas obtiveram respostas decrescentes nos mesmos parâmetros avaliados. A adição de biossólido até a dose de 1.150 mg dm-3 favoreceu o desenvolvimento da relação simbiótica entre a Canavalia ensiformis e rizóbio, porém mesmo nas doses mais elevadas, de 1.720 mg dm-3 e 2.300 mg dm-3, o nitrogênio fornecido não inibiu a nodulação e a FBN. A adubação mineral, realizada com base na exigência da Canavalia ensiformis em fósforo favoreceu o estabelecimento da simbiose rizóbio-leguminosa
In this study, the initial development of forage legume Canavalia ensiformis was evaluated in interaction with microorganisms capable of establising symbiotic relationships, called rhizobia, and substrate treated with sewage sludge from the dairy industry. The substrate consisted of peat (23%) and Cambisol (77%) collected in the upper portion of the stream Guaratinguetá-SP, degraded watershed area at risk of erosion, which features sharp relief and exposed soil. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse and divided into two blocks: Inoculated and Non-inoculated. Each block had bad six fertilization treatments, consisting of: absense of fertilization; biosolid doses equivalent to 25% dry basis, 50%, 75% and 100% of the nutritional requirements of the plant; and 100% of the nutritional requirement of the plant in mineral fertilizer. The Canavalia ensiformis has no nutritional requirements in nitrogen, so the calculations of doses of fertilizers were made based on the requirement for phosphorus the effect of sewage sludge applications on the growth of legume nodulation and nitrogen fixation was evaluated. It was observed that which increasing doses of sewage sludge, non-inoculated plants showed increased response in the MSPA and MSR yield, while decreasing responses inoculated plants had the same parameters. The addition of biosolids to the dose of 1,150 mg dm-3 favored the development of the synmbiotic relationship between rhizobia and Canavalia ensiformis, but even at the highest doses of 1.720 mg dm-3 and 2,300 mg dm-3, nitrogen supplied did not inhibit nodulation and biological nitrogen fixation. The mineral fertilizer made based on the requirement of Canavalia ensiformis phosphorus favored the establishment of rhizobia-legume symbiosis
In this study, the initial development of forage legume Canavalia ensiformis was evaluated in interaction with microorganisms capable of establising symbiotic relationships, called rhizobia, and substrate treated with sewage sludge from the dairy industry. The substrate consisted of peat (23%) and Cambisol (77%) collected in the upper portion of the stream Guaratinguetá-SP, degraded watershed area at risk of erosion, which features sharp relief and exposed soil. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse and divided into two blocks: Inoculated and Non-inoculated. Each block had bad six fertilization treatments, consisting of: absense of fertilization; biosolid doses equivalent to 25% dry basis, 50%, 75% and 100% of the nutritional requirements of the plant; and 100% of the nutritional requirement of the plant in mineral fertilizer. The Canavalia ensiformis has no nutritional requirements in nitrogen, so the calculations of doses of fertilizers were made based on the requirement for phosphorus the effect of sewage sludge applications on the growth of legume nodulation and nitrogen fixation was evaluated. It was observed that which increasing doses of sewage sludge, non-inoculated plants showed increased response in the MSPA and MSR yield, while decreasing responses inoculated plants had the same parameters. The addition of biosolids to the dose of 1,150 mg dm-3 favored the development of the synmbiotic relationship between rhizobia and Canavalia ensiformis, but even at the highest doses of 1.720 mg dm-3 and 2,300 mg dm-3, nitrogen supplied did not inhibit nodulation and biological nitrogen fixation. The mineral fertilizer made based on the requirement of Canavalia ensiformis phosphorus favored the establishment of rhizobia-legume symbiosis
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Resíduos industriais, Leguminosa, Rizobio, Nitrogenio, Plantas - Nutrição, Factory and trade waste
Como citar
MACHADO, Lívia Rodrigues Dias. Desenvolvimento inicial de leguminosa forrageira em simbiose com Rhizobium em substrato tratado com biossólido da indústria de laticínios. 2014. 58 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Engenharia, 2014.