Edenismo e ideologia espacial no imaginário brasileiro (1930-1986)
Data
2016-10-17
Autores
Araújo, Gilvan Charles Cerqueira de [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O edenismo como ufania nacional é um fenômeno secular no continente americano, cuja origem se deu ainda nas fases iniciais das expedições de colonização do Novo Mundo. Com o Estado nacional brasileiro não seria diferente, e o espaço geográfico receberia igual carga canônica do imaginário ufanista sobre suas características naturais como advento para o orgulho de seu povo. Com o passar dos anos, governos e olhares sobre esta carga mítica fundacional surgiram, novas interpretações foram somando-se ao substrato maior da ufania telúrica, ganhando direções diversificadas, seja do ponto de vista econômico, político, imaginário ou cultural, sempre tendo o espaço geográfico como principal aporte para a reificação do edenismo secular, mantendo-o como ideologia espacial basilar, independente dos acréscimos e releituras que se faziam do mesmo. Por estas razões, a especificidade do Brasil neste cenário de ufanismo telúrico, inerentemente associado às características de seu território, por sua extensão e diversidade natural e social, faz com que a Geografia e o pensamento geográfico apresentem amplas possibilidades de análise e discussão dos significados atribuídos à natureza, ao território, à nação e à identidade no interior do discurso canônico da mística do paraíso terreal, através de uma ideologia geográfica que inventa e reinventa a história de sua formação econômica e territorial calcada em tais valorações edênicas. O objetivo central deste estudo é o desenvolvimento da análise geográfica das ideologias do mito fundador da identidade nacional no Brasil, a partir da identificação histórica, política, econômica, espacial e social da permanência do ufanismo em relação ao território brasileiro, em específico no que tange ao recorte temporal estabelecido, qual seja, a extensão do século XX. Em conjunto com este objetivo geral, elencam-se os objetivos específicos os quais serão buscados ao longo do desenvolvimento da pesquisa, como analisar a historicidade e espacialidade da canonização do discurso edênico em relação ao Brasil, em específico no recorte temporal estabelecido para a realização desta proposta, ou seja, de 1930 a 1986; elaborar um arcabouço teórico e conceitual de sustentação dos argumentos que compõem o núcleo da premissa do trabalho, como território, ufanismo, edenismo, identidade, imaginário, nação e Estado nacional; identificar, na historiografia da formação e dinâmica do território brasileiro, os elementos que justificam a afirmativa da premissa do trabalho, qual seja, a da ufania edênica como fonte para identidade nacional; apresentar as principais ideologias geográficas vinculadas à valorização dos aspectos espaciais da nação como fundamento do seu potencial identitário, e, em particular, o caso brasileiro em relação a este processo; analisar as representações, em termos de sua aceitação, contestação ou negação, deste fundamento ideológico edênico, e a expressividade discursiva dessas representações no imaginário canônico em suas manifestações singulares. Considerando que, para a conformação do argumento analítico de um trabalho acadêmico são necessárias bases fundamentais que sustentem tal aparato teórico e metodológico, bem como que os materiais e a metodologia caminham lado a lado desde os passos de captação e organização das informações, até a interpretação deste aparato bibliográfico e das demais fontes da pesquisa, procura-se assentar um fundamento multíplice, teórica e metodologicamente amparado pela ciência geográfica, sem abdicar das correlações e contribuições das demais áreas do conhecimento neste processo. Nestas condições é que se vinculam elementos teóricos com vistas a garantir as pretensões da premissa do estudo, tais como a ideologia espacial e a historicidade e espacialidade do pensar e fazer Geografia. Em concordância com este substrato categórico e conceitual, que permeia todo o núcleo analítico da pesquisa, somam-se os instrumentos de análise, que auxiliam na construção do agrupamento, seleção, exposição e confrontação dos resultados apurados no decurso do trabalho desenvolvido. Espera-se, portanto, com a presente Tese, oferecer ao campo das pesquisas geográficas um acréscimo de referências, reflexões, fontes e associações que permitam colocar em evidência a intensa e perene presença da ufania edênica na constituição do Estado nacional brasileiro, em meio às suas complexidades, aberturas temáticas e articulações teóricas e metodológicas.
Edenism as national pride is a secular phenomenon in the American continent, also initiated in the early stages of the New World colonization expeditions. And, with the Brazilian national state would be no different, receiving an equal canonical burden of vainglorious imagery of its natural features as coming to the pride for population. Over the years, governments and point of views about this foundational mythic emerged, new interpretations were adding to the larger substrate telluric pride, winning diverse directions is economically, politically, imaginary or cultural, always having the geographical space as main contribution to the reification of the secular edenism, keeping it as a basic spatial ideology, regardless of additions and reinterpretations that did the same. For these reasons, the specificity of Brazil in this telluric jingoism scenario is inherently associated with the characteristics of its territory, by its size and natural and social diversity, makes geography and geographic thought present huge opportunities for analysis and discussion of the meanings attributed to nature, territory, nation and identity within the canonical discourse of the earthly paradise, through a geographic ideology that invents and reinvents the history of its economic and territorial formation modeled on such edenics valuations. The main objective of this study is to develop the geographical analysis of the ideologies involving the founding myth of national identity in Brazil, from the historical identification, political, economic, spatial and social jingoism of permanence in relation to Brazil, in particular with respect the established time frame, the extension of the twentieth century. And together with this larger goal we list up particularities which will be sought throughout the development of research to analyze the historicity and spatiality of the edenic canonization discourse in relation to Brazil, in particular the time frame set for the completion of this proposal, between 1930 to 1986; develop a theoretical and conceptual framework at support of the arguments that make up the core of the working premise, as a territory, jingoism, edenism, identity, imagination, nation and nation state; identify the historiography of formation and dynamics of the Brazil documentation justifying the assertion of the working assumption on the edenic pride as a source for national identity; present the main geographical ideologies linked to the appreciation of the spatial nation’s aspects in support of its identity potential, and in particular the case of Brazil in relation to this process; analyze the representations in terms of its acceptance, challenge or denial of this edenic ideological foundation and discursive expressiveness in these canonical imagery in their singular manifestations. And for the conformation of the analytical argument of an academic work are necessary fundamentals to support this theoretical and methodological basement. Materials and methods are side by side since the steps of collection and organization of information to the interpretation of bibliographic apparatus and other sources of research. then sought, thus, become one theoretical foundation manifold and methodologically supported by the geographical science, without giving up the correlations and contributions from other areas of knowledge in this process. Under these conditions it is that link theoretical elements in order to ensure such claims of the study premise, they are: the spatial ideology and historicity and spatiality of thinking and doing geography. In accordance with this categorical and conceptual substrate, which permeates the entire analytical core of the research, add to the analytical tools that help in the construction of the grouping, selection, display and comparison of results obtained in the course of their work. It is expected, therefore, with this thesis, provide the field of geographical surveys an increase of references, reflections, sources and associations that allow to highlight the strong and enduring presence of the edenic pride in the constitution of the Brazilian national state, among of its complexities, thematic gaps and theoretical and methodological joints.
Edenism as national pride is a secular phenomenon in the American continent, also initiated in the early stages of the New World colonization expeditions. And, with the Brazilian national state would be no different, receiving an equal canonical burden of vainglorious imagery of its natural features as coming to the pride for population. Over the years, governments and point of views about this foundational mythic emerged, new interpretations were adding to the larger substrate telluric pride, winning diverse directions is economically, politically, imaginary or cultural, always having the geographical space as main contribution to the reification of the secular edenism, keeping it as a basic spatial ideology, regardless of additions and reinterpretations that did the same. For these reasons, the specificity of Brazil in this telluric jingoism scenario is inherently associated with the characteristics of its territory, by its size and natural and social diversity, makes geography and geographic thought present huge opportunities for analysis and discussion of the meanings attributed to nature, territory, nation and identity within the canonical discourse of the earthly paradise, through a geographic ideology that invents and reinvents the history of its economic and territorial formation modeled on such edenics valuations. The main objective of this study is to develop the geographical analysis of the ideologies involving the founding myth of national identity in Brazil, from the historical identification, political, economic, spatial and social jingoism of permanence in relation to Brazil, in particular with respect the established time frame, the extension of the twentieth century. And together with this larger goal we list up particularities which will be sought throughout the development of research to analyze the historicity and spatiality of the edenic canonization discourse in relation to Brazil, in particular the time frame set for the completion of this proposal, between 1930 to 1986; develop a theoretical and conceptual framework at support of the arguments that make up the core of the working premise, as a territory, jingoism, edenism, identity, imagination, nation and nation state; identify the historiography of formation and dynamics of the Brazil documentation justifying the assertion of the working assumption on the edenic pride as a source for national identity; present the main geographical ideologies linked to the appreciation of the spatial nation’s aspects in support of its identity potential, and in particular the case of Brazil in relation to this process; analyze the representations in terms of its acceptance, challenge or denial of this edenic ideological foundation and discursive expressiveness in these canonical imagery in their singular manifestations. And for the conformation of the analytical argument of an academic work are necessary fundamentals to support this theoretical and methodological basement. Materials and methods are side by side since the steps of collection and organization of information to the interpretation of bibliographic apparatus and other sources of research. then sought, thus, become one theoretical foundation manifold and methodologically supported by the geographical science, without giving up the correlations and contributions from other areas of knowledge in this process. Under these conditions it is that link theoretical elements in order to ensure such claims of the study premise, they are: the spatial ideology and historicity and spatiality of thinking and doing geography. In accordance with this categorical and conceptual substrate, which permeates the entire analytical core of the research, add to the analytical tools that help in the construction of the grouping, selection, display and comparison of results obtained in the course of their work. It is expected, therefore, with this thesis, provide the field of geographical surveys an increase of references, reflections, sources and associations that allow to highlight the strong and enduring presence of the edenic pride in the constitution of the Brazilian national state, among of its complexities, thematic gaps and theoretical and methodological joints.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ufanismo edênico, Imaginário, Pensamento geográfico, Ideologia espacial, Território