Representações Sociais acerca da Educação Inclusiva na formação inicial de professores: um estudo com licenciandos-bolsistas Pibid de uma licenciatura em Química
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Data
2016-02-26
Autores
Camargo, Camila Pereira de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho apresenta uma análise sobre as Representações Sociais (RS) que licenciandos-bolsistas de um projeto Pibid-Química possuem acerca de aspectos da Educação Especial e da Educação Inclusiva, como conceitos que caracterizam um aluno com Necessidades Educacionais Especiais, sobre o processo de inclusão e o papel dos professores de Química para atuar com estes alunos. Os dados foram constituídos através de entrevistas individuais com 24 licenciandos-bolsistas e as análises foram fomentadas por meio de discussões feitas com dez bolsistas em um Grupo Focal, ambos registrados com gravador de voz. Com caráter qualitativo e utilizando a Análise de Conteúdo foram elaboradas três grandes categorias que representam os objetivos deste trabalho, e as subcategorias presentes em cada uma foram analisadas de acordo com a Teoria do Núcleo Central, de forma, a saber, quais conceitos se encontram no sistema central ou no sistema periférico das RS desses futuros professores. Considerando que há um déficit na formação de professores de Química para atuar com alunos que possuam alguma deficiência, transtorno global de desenvolvimento ou super habilidades/superdotação, o Pibid se torna um importante processo formativo e experiencial, embora tenha sido observado que conceitos, que seriam desejáveis estar no Núcleo Central do RS de futuros professores, ainda estão nos sistemas periféricos dos mesmos. Assim, conclui-se sobre a urgência de modificações na formação acadêmica de professores voltada para o processo inclusivo e na valorização do projeto Pibid, que se apresenta como uma experiência significante, mas que necessita ser aliada à um melhor preparo para a realidade encontrada dentro das salas de aula da Educação Básica do país.
This work presents an analysis about Social Representations (SR) that scholarship holders of a Pibid-Química Project have about aspects of Special Education and Inclusion in Education, such as concepts that characterize a student with Special Educational Needs, the process of inclusion and the role of Chemistry teachers to work with these students. Data were collected through individual interviews with 24 scholarship holders and the analyzes were fomented over discussions with ten of them in a Focus Group, both registered with voice recorder. Three major categories were elaborated with qualitative character and using the Content Analysis that represent the objective of this work, and its subcategories present in each one were analyzed according to the Central Nucleus Theory, in a way, namely, which concepts are in the central system or in the peripheral system of the SR of these future teachers. Considering that there is a deficit in the training of Chemistry teachers to work with students who have some disability, pervasive developmental disorder or intellectual abilities/gifted, Pibid becomes an important formative and experiential process, although it has been observed that concepts, which would be desirable to be in the Central Nucleus of the RS of future teachers, still are in their peripheral systems. Therefore, it is concluded on the urgency of modifications in the academic formation of teachers focused on the inclusion process and in the appreciation of Pibid project, which presents itself as a significant experience, but that needs to be associated to a better preparation to the reality found in the classrooms of the Basic Education in the country.
This work presents an analysis about Social Representations (SR) that scholarship holders of a Pibid-Química Project have about aspects of Special Education and Inclusion in Education, such as concepts that characterize a student with Special Educational Needs, the process of inclusion and the role of Chemistry teachers to work with these students. Data were collected through individual interviews with 24 scholarship holders and the analyzes were fomented over discussions with ten of them in a Focus Group, both registered with voice recorder. Three major categories were elaborated with qualitative character and using the Content Analysis that represent the objective of this work, and its subcategories present in each one were analyzed according to the Central Nucleus Theory, in a way, namely, which concepts are in the central system or in the peripheral system of the SR of these future teachers. Considering that there is a deficit in the training of Chemistry teachers to work with students who have some disability, pervasive developmental disorder or intellectual abilities/gifted, Pibid becomes an important formative and experiential process, although it has been observed that concepts, which would be desirable to be in the Central Nucleus of the RS of future teachers, still are in their peripheral systems. Therefore, it is concluded on the urgency of modifications in the academic formation of teachers focused on the inclusion process and in the appreciation of Pibid project, which presents itself as a significant experience, but that needs to be associated to a better preparation to the reality found in the classrooms of the Basic Education in the country.
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Representações sociais, PIBID, Formação de professores de química, Educação especial, Educação inclusiva, Social representations, Training of chemistry teachers, Special education, Inclusion in education