Artigos - Anatomia - IBB

URI Permanente para esta coleção

Navegar

Submissões Recentes

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 393
  • ItemArtigo
    Maternal exposure of rats to sodium saccharin during gestation and lactation on male offspring†
    (2023-01-14) Godoi, Alana Rezende [UNESP]; Fioravante, Vanessa Caroline [UNESP]; Santos, Beatriz Melo [UNESP]; Martinez, Francisco Eduardo [UNESP]; Pinheiro, Patricia Fernanda Felipe [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
    We investigated the effects of fetal programming in Sprague-Dawley rats through the maternal consumption of sodium saccharin on the testicular structure and function in male offspring. Feed intake and efficiency, organ and fat weight, quantification and expression of androgen receptor (AR), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) proteins, sperm count, and hormone levels were determined. Consumption alterations were found in the final weeks of the experiment. Decreases in AR and PCNA expression and quantification, tubular diameter, and luminal volume, and increases in epithelial and interstitial relative volumes were observed. Lower sperm count and transit, and lower estradiol concentration were also found. Sodium saccharin consumption by dams programmed male offspring by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis with alterations in the Sertoli cell population, in spermatogonia proliferation, the expression and quantification of AR, and in sperm count. We hypothesized that these changes may be due to an estradiol reduction that caused the loosening of adhesion junctions of the blood-testis barrier, causing cell losses during spermatogenesis, also reflected by a decrease in tubular diameter with an increase in epithelial volume and consequent decrease in luminal volume. We conclude that maternal sodium saccharin consumption during pregnancy and lactation programmed alterations in the reproductive parameters of male offspring, thus influencing spermatogenesis.
  • ItemArtigo
    Ageing decreases the healing of wounds in the skin of alcohol-preferring rats
    (2022-10-02) Martinez, Francisco Eduardo [UNESP]; Cassettaria, Lucas Langoni [UNESP]; Nicolaua, Nicoly Cassolato [UNESP]; De Barros Camargoa, Victória Mokarzel [UNESP]; De Almeida Chuffaa, Luiz Gustavo [UNESP]; Pinheiroa, Patricia Fernanda Felipe [UNESP]; Padovania, Carlos Roberto [UNESP]; Martinez, Marcelo; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
    Objective: Alcohol consumption combined with ageing alters the healing process of the skin. We evaluated whether ageing decreases the healing of incisional wounds in the skin of Wistar rats of Universidade de Chile of variety B (UChB). Method: A total of 20 adult rats and 20 older UChB rats, divided into two groups which underwent surgical aggression in the anterior region of the abdomen, were used: G1, adult rats (100 days old, control) with water and 10% ethanol; G2, aged rats (540 days old, experimental) with water and 10% ethanol; evaluated at 4, 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery. Results: Ageing did not alter the rupture force and collagen elasticity and resistance. There were increases in telomerase with the implementation of cellular senescence, in interleukin 1-alpha (IL-1α) at 14 days of healing, in epidermal growth factor (EGF) at 14 and 21 days of healing with delayed growth and development of keratinocytes, also an increase of IL-β at 4 days, and decrease in tumour necrosis factor (TNFα) at 7 days, associated with chronic scarring. There was an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at 4 and 7 days, responsible for the early vessels re-establishment. There was a decrease in transforming growth factor 2-beta (TGFβ2) and β3 at 4 and 7 days of healing respectively, and estradiol at 4 days. Conclusion: Ageing decreases the skin healing in incisional wounds in alcohol-preferring rats. Declaration of interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
  • ItemArtigo
    Synergistic actions of Alpelisib and Melatonin in breast cancer cell lines with PIK3CA gene mutation
    (2023-07-01) de Godoy, Bianca Lara Venâncio; Moschetta-Pinheiro, Marina Gobbe; Chuffa, Luiz Gustavo de Almeida [UNESP]; Pondé, Noam Falbel; Reiter, Russel J.; Colombo, Jucimara; Zuccari, Debora Aparecida Pires de Campos [UNESP]; Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto – FAMERP; Universidade Paulista – UNIP; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); IQVIA Biotech; Long School of Medicine
    Aims: Breast cancer (BC) presents high mortality rate and about 25–46 % have mutation in the PIK3CA gene. Alpelisib is a PI3K inhibitor that acts on p110α, which is a subunit of the PI3K protein. The melatonin shown important anti-neoplastic effects and may increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy. This study evaluated the synergistic action of Alpelisib and Melatonin in BC lines carrying the H1047R mutation in PIK3CA, relative to the cellular dynamics and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Main methods: MDA-MB-468 (triple-ernegative), MDA-MB-453 (H1047R PIK3CA, HER2+) and T-47D cells (H1047R PIK3CA, ER+/PR+) were divided into four treatment groups: control; Melatonin (1 mM); Alpelisib (1 μM); and Alpelisib (1 μM) + Melatonin (1 mM). Cell viability and migration were investigated using the MTT assay and Transwell assay, respectively. Protein expression of PI3K, p-AKT, mTOR, HIF-1α, and caspase-3, was verified using immunocytochemistry. Key findings: MTT assay revealed that MDA-MB-453 and T-47D showed reduction in cell viability in all groups, especially in the MDA-MB-453 treated with Melatonin + Alpelisib. MDA-MB-468 presents reduction in cell migration only with Melatonin, while in the lines with mutation, the treatment of Melatonin + Alpelisib caused inhibition of cell migration. PI3K, p-AKT, mTOR and HIF-1α were inhibited after treatment with Melatonin + Alpelisib in MDA-MB-453 and T-47D lines. The expression of caspase-3 increased in all groups in MDA-MB-453 and T-47D cells, being the increase more pronounced in the Melatonin + Alpelisib group. Significance: These results indicate that the combined use of Melatonin and Alpelisib may be more effective in inhibiting BC in women carrying the PIK3CA gene mutation than either treatment alone.
  • ItemArtigo
    Maternal Protein Restriction Alters the Expression of Proteins Related to the Structure and Functioning of the Rat Offspring Epididymis in an Age-Dependent Manner
    (2022-04-19) Cavariani, Marilia Martins [UNESP]; de Mello Santos, Talita [UNESP]; Chuffa, Luiz Gustavo de Almeida [UNESP]; Pinheiro, Patrícia Fernanda Felipe [UNESP]; Scarano, Wellerson Rodrigo [UNESP]; Domeniconi, Raquel Fantin [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
    Nutrition is an environmental factor able to activate physiological interactions between fetus and mother. Maternal protein restriction is able to alter sperm parameters associated with epididymal functions. Since correct development and functioning of the epididymides are fundamental for mammalian reproductive success, this study investigated the effects of maternal protein restriction on epididymal morphology and morphometry in rat offspring as well as on the expression of Src, Cldn-1, AR, ER, aromatase p450, and 5α-reductase in different stages of postnatal epididymal development. For this purpose, pregnant females were allocated to normal-protein (NP—17% protein) and low-protein (LP—6% protein) groups that received specific diets during gestation and lactation. After weaning, male offspring was provided only normal-protein diet until the ages of 21, 44, and 120 days, when they were euthanized and their epididymides collected. Maternal protein restriction decreased genital organs weight as well as crown-rump length and anogenital distance at all ages. Although the low-protein diet did not change the integrity of the epididymal epithelium, we observed decreases in tubular diameter, epithelial height and luminal diameter of the epididymal duct in 21-day-old LP animals. The maternal low-protein diet changed AR, ERα, ERβ, Src 416, and Src 527 expression in offspring epididymides in an age-dependent manner. Finally, maternal protein restriction increased Cldn-1 expression throughout the epididymides at all analyzed ages. Although some of these changes did not remain until adulthood, the insufficient supply of proteins in early life altered the structure and functioning of the epididymis in important periods of postnatal development.
  • ItemArtigo
    Skull of Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) - Morphometric Parameters
    (2022-01-01) Ferrari, Lorena Cardozo [UNESP]; Macedo Pereira, Fernanda Mara Aragão [UNESP]; Farha, Aline Herrera [UNESP]; Oliveira, Elton Luís Ritir [UNESP]; Schimming, Bruno Cesar [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
    Background: The capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is the largest rodent in the world. They are territorial animals, and live in social groups, commonly occurring in anthropized area, what has attracted the attention of researchers in relation to this animal species, since it is the host of the Amblyomma cajennese tick that transmits spotted-fever to humans and are responsible for severe impact on livestock and public health. The skull is a part of the axial skeleton that enclosing the brain, sensory organs and digestive and respiratory structures. Moreover, the phenotypic appearance of the capybara head depends on the shape of the skull. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the reference values of cranial measurements of capybaras. The knowledge of morphometric parameters of skull is pivotal for veterinary treatment of pathological conditions and taxonomic affiliation. Materials, Methods & Results: Eight capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) skulls were used in this study, irrespective of age and sex. The skulls belonging to the anatomical collection of the Laboratory of Wildlife Anatomy and Anatomical Museum, Department of Anatomy, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo. A total of 35 morphometric parameters were performed using a digital caliper and 6 cranial indices were calculated. All investigated features were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Anatomically, capybara skull were elongated, rectangle-like and consisted of cranial and facial bones. The morphometric parameters were used to calculate the following craniometrics indices: skull index (57.86 ± 3.62), cranial index (50.49 ± 2.08), facial index (49.22 ± 3.82), basal index (33.98 ± 0.86), nasal index (26.73 ± 3.1), and the foramen magnum index (149.61 ± 1.07). Moreover, the facial part length (mean 137.90 mm) and cranium part length (mean 87.76 mm) also were calculated. The facial part length was a distance from the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to the rostral edge of the incisive bone and, the cranium part length was a distance from the external occipital protuberance to the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. Discussion: This study established morphometric parameters in the capybara skull. The craniometric measurements showed in this study are compatible with reported in other studies in the capybara skull, although the most parameters measured in this study were not calculated in previous studies of the capybara skull. Moreover, none of the cranial indices calculated in this study were previously calculated. Based on some cranial measurements, the 8 capybaras used in this study could be classified into subadult (4) and adults (4). The foramen magnum showed a dorsal triangular notch in the capybara skull differently from described in the Cavia spp., and similar to reported to other rodent as Gambian rat and other mammals species such as maned wolf, four-toed hedgehog, and dromedaries. The rectangular shape of the capybara skull is different from that found in other caviids rodents such as Brazilian guinea pig. The capybara skull showed greater development of the facial part in relation to the cranial part, which allows to relate the skull shape with the skull shape presented by dolichocephalics dogs. This feature is commonly reported in large caviomorph rodents. Probably, this morphology is compatible with the ecology and phylogeny of the species.
  • ItemLivro
    O ensino de Anatomia no campus de Botucatu
    (IBB/UNESP, 2022-08-08) Martinez, Francisco Eduardo [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
  • ItemArtigo
    Hepatocellular carcinoma and miRNAs: An in silico approach revealing potential therapeutic targets for polyphenols
    (2022-05-01) Chuffa, Luiz Gustavo de Almeida [UNESP]; de Souza, Milena Cremer; Cruz, Ellen Mayara Souza; Ferreira, Francielle Belinelli; de Morais, Juliana Maria Bitencourt; Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná – UENP; Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)
    Background: Identifying innovative and effective therapeutic agents is imperative for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Natural phytochemical compounds may be a feasible glimmer of hope as more than 8,000 phenolic structures are currently known, and several of them are efficient in treating different types of cancer. Purpose: MicroRNAs can modulate tumor cell response to growth signals, apoptosis and replication rates, new blood vessel formation, tissue invasion, and dissemination. We disclosed herein how phenolic compounds, influencing miRNAs-regulated genes, may exert their antitumor activities. Methods: After a systematic review of the literature, we applied distinct in silico tools and approaches to query miRNA expression after treatment with polyphenols, determined some of the miRNA effects over target genes, elaborated protein networks and enriched their pathways, as well as presented differentially expressed genes (DEGs) found in HCC patients. Our predictions were corroborated by several in vitro and in vivo experimental studies that we presented and discussed. Results: Phytochemicals such as berberine, curcumin, EGCG, luteolin, and quercetin are promising candidates capable of regulating different miRNAs while exerting their antitumoral effects through distinct molecular mechanisms. MiRNAs such as miRNA-122 and -34a deserve deep investigations, as they were found to be over and down-expressed by more than one polyphenol. MiRNA-regulated genes took part in molecular mechanisms such as cell death, through p53, bcl-2, and SMAD modulation; energy metabolism, by regulating PI3K/Akt pathway; antiproliferative events, mediated by Ras, c-Kit, and β-catenin; and epigenetics events, involving SIRT, HDAC, and DNMT family members. Tumor microenvironment modulation, by NOTCH1 and VEGFA, is also a potential mechanism related to polyphenols’ effects. We reported that polyphenols have specific drug ability and anticancer biological activities. Among the DEGs, 4 of them (e.g., EZH2, HRAS, STMN1, VEGFA), are candidate genes for miRNA modulation. The expression profile of gene subsets that are frequently altered in HCC patients was also characterized. Conclusion: The capacity of polyphenols to regulate miRNA actions may have a significant impact on the treatment of liver tumors; experimental and clinical studies dedicated to confirming our findings are further needed.
  • ItemArtigo
    Morphology and immunolocalization of aquaporins 1 and 9 in the agouti (Dasyprocta azarae) testis excurrent ducts
    (2021-01-01) Schimming, Bruno Cesar [UNESP]; Martins, Leandro Luis; de Oliveira, Fabrício Singaretti [UNESP]; Pinheiro, Patrícia Fernanda Felipe [UNESP]; Domeniconi, Raquel Fantin [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)
    This study investigated the morphology and immunoexpression of aquaporins (AQPs) 1 and 9 in the rete testis, efferent ducts, epididymis, and vas deferens in the Azara's agouti (Dasyprocta azarae). For this purpose, ten adult sexually mature animals were used in histologic and immunohistochemical analyses. The Azara's agouti rete testis was labyrinthine and lined with simple cubic epithelium. Ciliated and non-ciliated cells were observed in the epithelium of the efferent ducts. The epididymal cellular population was composed of principal, basal, apical, clear, narrow, and halo cells. The epithelium lining of vas deferens was composed of the principal and basal cells. AQPs 1 and 9 were not expressed in the rete testis. Positive reaction to AQP1 was observed at the luminal border of non-ciliated cells of the efferent ducts, and in the peritubular stroma and blood vessels in the epididymis, and vas deferens. AQP9 was immunolocalized in the epithelial cells in the efferent ducts, epididymis and vas deferens. The morphology of Azara's agouti testis excurrent ducts is similar to that reported for other rodents such as Cuniculus paca. The immunolocalization results of the AQPs suggest that the expression of AQPs is species-specific due to differences in localization and expression when compared to studies in other mammals species. The knowledge about the expression of AQPs in Azara's agouti testis excurrent ducts is essential to support future reproductive studies on this animal, since previous studies show that AQPs may be biomarkers of male fertility and infertility.
  • ItemArtigo
    Liquid biopsy as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for women and female dogs with breast cancer
    (2021-10-01) Colombo, Jucimara; Moschetta-Pinheiro, Marina Gobbe; Novais, Adriana Alonso; Stoppe, Bruna Ribeiro; Bonini, Enrico Dumbra; Gonçalves, Francine Moraes; Fukumasu, Heidge; Coutinho, Luiz Lehmann; Chuffa, Luiz Gustavo de Almeida [UNESP]; Zuccari, Debora Aparecida Pires de Campos; Faculdade de Medicina de São José; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
    Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the malignant neoplasm with the highest mortality rate in women and female dogs are good models to study BC. Objective: We investigated the efficacy of liquid biopsy to detect gene mutations in the diagnosis and follow-up of women and female dogs with BC. Materials and Methods: In this study, 57 and 37 BC samples were collected from women and female dogs, respectively. After core biopsy and plasma samples were collected, the DNA and ctDNA of the tumor fragments and plasma were processed for next generation sequencing (NGS) assay. After preprocessing of the data, they were submitted to the Genome Analysis ToolKit (GATK). Results: In women, 1788 variants were identified in tumor fragments and 221 variants in plasma; 66 variants were simultaneously detected in tumors and plasma. Conversely, in female dogs, 1430 variants were found in plasma and 695 variants in tumor fragments; 59 variants were simultaneously identified in tumors and plasma. The most frequently mutated genes in the tumor fragments of women were USH2A, ATM, and IGF2R; in female dogs, they were USH2A, BRCA2, and RRM2. Plasma of women showed the most frequent genetic variations in the MAP3K1, BRCA1, and GRB7 genes, whereas plasma from female dogs had variations in the NF1, ERBB2, and KRT17 genes. Mutations in the AKT1, PIK3CA, and BRIP genes were associated with tumor recurrence, with a highly pathogenic variant in PIK3CA being particularly prominent. We also detected a gain-of-function mutation in the GRB7, MAP3K1, and MLH1 genes. Conclusion: Liquid biopsy is useful to identify specific genetic variations at the beginning of BC manifestation and may be accompanied over the entire follow-up period, thereby supporting the clinicians in refining interventions.
  • ItemArtigo
    Caffeine consumption attenuates ethanol-induced inflammation through the regulation of adenosinergic receptors in the UChB rats cerebellum
    (2021-08-01) Rossetto, Isabela Maria Urra; Cagnon, Valéria Helena Alves; Kido, Larissa Akemi; Lizarte Neto, Fermino Sanches; Tirapelli, Luís Fernando; Tirapelli, Daniela Pretti Da Cunha; De Almeida Chuffa, Luiz Gustavo [UNESP]; Martinez, Francisco Eduardo [UNESP]; Martinez, Marcelo; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
    Caffeine consumption is able to interfere in cellular processes related to inflammatory mechanisms by acting through the adenosinergic system. This study aimed to recognize alterations related to adenosinergic system and inflammatory process in the cerebellum of University of Chile Bibulous (UChB) rats after the consumption of ethanol and caffeine. UChB and Wistar rats, males at 5 months old, were divided into the groups (n = 15/group): (i) Control (Wistar rats receiving water); (ii) Ethanol group (UChB rats receiving ethanol solution at 10%) and (iii) Ethanol+caffeine group (UChB rats receiving ethanol solution at 10% added of 3 g/L of caffeine). The cerebellar tissue was collected and processed for immunohistochemistry, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting techniques for the adenosinergic receptors A1 and A2a and inflammatory markers, including Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), TLR4, TLR2, MyD88, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS and microglial marker Iba-1. Results showed ethanol and caffeine consumption differentially altering the immunolocalization of adenosinergic receptors and inflammatory markers in the cerebellar tissue. The A2a receptor was overexpressed in the Ethanol group and was evident in the glial cells. The Ethanol group had increased protein levels for NFκB and TLR4, expressively in Bergmann glia and Purkinje cells. Caffeine reduced the expression of these markers to levels similar to those found in the Control group. The A1 gene was upregulated the Ethanol group, but not its protein levels, suggesting post-Transcriptional interference. In conclusion, caffeine seems to attenuate ethanol-induced inflammation in the cerebellum of UChB rats through the A1 and A2a modulation, playing a neuroprotective role in the chronic context of ethanol consumption.
  • ItemResenha
    Melatonin-loaded nanocarriers: New horizons for therapeutic applications
    (2021-06-01) Chuffa, Luiz Gustavo de Almeida [UNESP]; Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira; Novais, Adriana Alonso; Simão, Vinícius Augusto [UNESP]; Martín Giménez, Virna Margarita; Manucha, Walter; Zuccari, Debora Aparecida Pires de Campos; Reiter, Russel J.; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Luiz Meneghel Campus; UFMT; Universidad Católica de Cuyo; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Consejo Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IMBECU-CONICET); FAMERP; UT Health
    The use of nanosized particles has emerged to facilitate selective applications in medicine. Drug-delivery systems represent novel opportunities to provide stricter, focused, and fine-tuned therapy, enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of chemical agents at the molecular level while reducing their toxic effects. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytriptamine) is a small indoleamine secreted essentially by the pineal gland during darkness, but also produced by most cells in a non-circadian manner from which it is not released into the blood. Although the therapeutic promise of melatonin is indisputable, aspects regarding optimal dosage, biotransformation and metabolism, route and time of administration, and targeted therapy remain to be examined for proper treatment results. Recently, prolonged release of melatonin has shown greater efficacy and safety when combined with a nanostructured formulation. This review summarizes the role of melatonin incorporated into different nanocarriers (e.g., lipid-based vesicles, polymeric vesicles, non-ionic surfactant-based vesicles, charge carriers in graphene, electro spun nanofibers, silica-based carriers, metallic and nonmetallic nanocomposites) as drug delivery system platforms or multilevel determinations in various in vivo and in vitro experimental conditions. Melatonin incorporated into nanosized materials exhibits superior effectiveness in multiple diseases and pathological processes than does free melatonin; thus, such information has functional significance for clinical intervention.
  • ItemArtigo
    Spermatogenic cycle length and spermatogenic efficiency in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)
    (Amer Soc Andrology, Inc, 2004) Segatelli, Tânia M.; França, Luiz R.; Pinheiro, Patricia F. F.; Almeida, Camila C. D.; Martinez, Marcelo; Martinez, Francisco E.; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar); University of State of Paraná (UNESPAR); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
    The gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) is a rodent native of the arid regions of Mongolia and China. Because the gerbil can be easily bred in laboratory conditions, this species has been largely used as an experimental model in biomedical research. However, there is still little information concerning the testis structure and function in the gerbil. In this regard, we performed a detailed morphofunctional analysis of the gerbil testis and estimated the spermatogenic cycle length utilizing 3H-thymidine as a marker for germ cell progression during their evolution through the spermatogenic process. The stage frequencies of the XII stages characterized according to the acrosome formation and development were (I-XII) 13.8, 10.1, 8.1, 7.8, 4.0, 11.2, 7.5, 7.1, 5.9, 7.6, 8.1, and 8.9. The mean duration of each seminiferous epithelium cycle was determined to be 10.6 ± 1.0 days and the total duration of spermatogenesis, based on 4.5 cycles, was approximately 47.5 days. The volume density of tubular and interstitial compartments was approximately 92% and 8%, respectively. Based on the volume occupied by seminiferous tubules in the testis and the tubular diameter, about 9 and 18 m of seminiferous tubules were found per testis and per gram of testis, respectively. Twelve primary spermatocytes were formed from each type A1 spermatogonia. The meiotic index was 2.8, indicating that 30% of cell loss occurs during meiosis. The number of Leydig and Sertoli cells per gram of the testis was 28 million and each Sertoli cell was able to support approximately 13 spermatids. The daily sperm production per gram of testis (spermatogenic efficiency) was 33 million. Taken together, these data indicate that, mainly due to the high seminiferous tubule volume density and Sertoli cell support capacity for germ cells, the gerbil presents high spermatogenic efficiency compared with other mammalian species already investigated. The data obtained in the present study might provide the basis for future research involving the reproductive biology in this species.
  • ItemArtigo
    Ultrastructural changes on the hard palatine mucosa of Calomys callosus after 120 days of experimental chronic alcoholism
    (2005-04-01) Martinez, M.; Milton, F. A.; De Oliveira, S. A.; De Lima, N. F.; Segatelli, T. M.; Pinheiro, P. F.F.; Almeida, C. C.D.; Mello, W.; Quitete, V. H.A.C.; Martinez, F. E.; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    The present study analyzed the toxic effects of chronic alcohol ingestion on the ultrastructure of the lining epithelium of the hard palatine mucosa of the rodent Calomys callosus, in order to contribute to the understanding of the consequences of alcohol abuse for the morphology of the digestive system. Twenty-six adult animals aged three months were divided into two experimental groups. The control group received a solid diet and tap water, and the alcoholic group received the same solid diet and ethanol P.A. diluted 20% in water (v/v). After 120 days of treatment, all animals were anaesthetised, weighed and sacrificed. At the end of treatment, mean body weight did not differ between control and alcoholic animals. The epithelial cells of the alcoholic group showed many alterations such as the presence of lipid droplets, nuclei in corneum layer, nuclei with increase peripheral chromatin and greater electron density, altered mitochondria, and intense dilatation of the intercellular spaces. It was concluded that 20% ethanol provokes marked ultrastructural lesions in the hard palatine mucosa.
  • ItemArtigo
    Postweaning exposure to gossypol results in epididymis-specific effects throughout puberty and adulthood in rats
    (2002-01-01) Romualdo, Genair Silva; Klinefelter, Gary R.; Kempinas, Wilma De Grava; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Reproductive Toxicology Division
    Gossypol, a yellow pigment found in cottonseeds, well known for its antifertility properties in animals, has been used as a contraceptive by men. The aims of this work were to evaluate the effects of gossypol throughout sexual development of male rats and to provide additional data to clarify the target site or sites of this compound in the male reproductive system. Gossypol (15 mg/kg per day) was given to animals from weaning through prepuberty (41 days), early puberty (51 days), puberty (61 days), and sexual maturity (91 days). Ventral prostate weight and fructose levels were similar in control and treated rats, suggesting that androgen levels were normal. No histological effects on the testis were detected, but there was a significant decrease in the sperm concentration in the cauda epididymidis of gossypol-treated animals killed at 61 and 91 days, as well as a significant increase in abnormal sperm in the vas deferens of treated animals. Moreover, the histology of the cauda epididymidis of the rats treated throughout puberty (ie, until days 51 and 61) showed a great number of round bodies in the lumen of the epididymis. These structures stained for the epididymis-specific protein E. Collectively, the data demonstrate that the epididymis is a target of gossypol when postweaning exposure extends throughout pubertal development, and that whereas more subtle histological effects commence around puberty, indicators reproductive competence are compromised in adulthood.
  • ItemArtigo
    Morphological effects on the hard palatine mucosa of Calomys callosus submitted to experimental chronic alcoholism
    (2002-01-01) Martinez, M.; Martinez, F. E.; Da Cunha, M. R.; Segatelli, T. M.; Pinheiro, P. F.F.; Almeida, C. C.D.; Fed. University of São Carlos; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
    The morphological effects of ethanol ingestion on the hard palatine mucosa of adult male Calomys callosus were observed. Twenty rodents were divided into two experimental groups: the control group received solid diet, Purina rat chow, and tap water ad libitum; the alcoholic group received the same solid diet and ethanol P.A. diluted 20% in water (v/v). After 270 days of treatment, all animals were sacrificed and the hard palatine mucosa were prepared for TEM and SEM methods. The epithelial cells of the alcoholic group showed some alterations like cytoplasmatic lipid droplets, pycnotic nucleus and increased mitochondrial size. The lamina propria also presented intense lipid droplets accumulation. The morphological changes suggested that chronic ethanol consumption was able to modify the integrity of the mucosa.
  • ItemArtigo
    Morphology of the seminal vesicle of Calomys callosus submitted to experimental chronic alcoholism
    (2001-10-01) Martinez, M.; Mattos, E. C.T.; Mello, W.; Cagnon, V. H.A.; Martinez, F. E.; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
    The objective of the present study was to assess the possible toxic effects of chronic alcohol ingestion on the ultrastructure of the lining epithelium of the seminal vesicle of the rodent Calomys callosus, in order to contribute to the understanding of the consequences of alcohol abuse for the morphology of the male reproductive apparatus. Twenty six adult animals aged three months were divided into two experimental groups. The control group received a solid diet (Purina chow) and tap water, and the alcoholic group received the same solid diet and ethanol P.A. diluted 20% in water (v/v). After 210 days of treatment, all animals were anaesthetised, weighed and sacrificed. At the end of treatment, mean body and seminal vesicle weight did not differ between control and alcoholic animals. The epithelial cells of the alcoholic group showed many alterations such as the presence of lipid droplets of different sizes, nuclei with increased peripheral chromatin and greater electrondensity, megamitochondria, and intense dilatation of the cisterns of the granular endoplasmic reticulum. It was concluded that 20% ethanol provokes marked ultrastructural lesions in the seminal vesicle.
  • ItemArtigo
    Ultrastructural study of the ventral lobe of the prostate of mice with streptozotocin induced diabetes (C57BL/6J)
    (2000-01-01) Cagnon, V. H.A.; Camargo, A. M.; Rosa, R. M.; Fabiani, R.; Padovani, C. R. [UNESP]; Martinez, F. E. [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
    Morphological and functional changes caused by diabetes in the accessory sex organs andespecially the prostate have been reported by several investigators. The aim of the present study was to examine the possible deleterious effects of experimentally induced diabetes on the secretory epithelium of the ventral prostate of mice. Sixteen adult male C57BL/6J mice were divided into two groups. The diabetic group received streptozotocin injection of 75 mg/kg while the control group received only 0.1 ml citrate buffer i.p. After 30 days the diabetic state was ascertained the animals were sacrificed and the ventral lobe of the prostate was collected for histological and ultrastructural examination. The results showed reduction in glandular epithelium cell height increased numbers of cytoplasmic vacuoles and thickening of the extracellular matrix.In conclusion experimental diabetes has harmfuleffects on the secretory epithelial cells of theventral lobe of the prostate of mice. (C) 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.
  • ItemArtigo
    Morphological changes on the hard palatine mucosa of rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) after chronic alcohol consumption
    (1998-07-01) Martinez, M.; Martinez, F. E.; Watanabe, I.; Fed. University of São Carlos; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
    In order to examine the effects of alcohol on the hard palatine mucosa of rats, sixty adult female rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) were divided into two experimental groups. The control group received solid diet (Purina rat chow) and tap water ad libitum. The alcoholic group received the same solid diet and was allowed to drink only sugar cane brandy dissolved in 30% Gay Lussac (v/v). At the end of periods of 90, 180 and 270 days of treatment, the animals at estro were sacrificed and the hard palatine mucosa were prepared for TEM and SEM methods. The basal cells of the alcoholic groups (90, 180 and 270 days of treatment) demonstrated some alterations: the intercellular spaces between these cells were higher, presented cytoplasmatic lipid droplets and autolysis. Also, the connective tissue showed intense lipid droplets accumulation in the alcoholic groups. These modifications suggested that chronic alcohol ingestion was able to modify the integrity of the cells in the rat hard palatine mucosa.
  • ItemArtigo
    Sem título
    (1991-01-01) Viotto, M. J.S.; Orsi, A. M.; Mello Dias, S.; Newmann, H. K.; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
  • ItemArtigo
    ASPECTS STRUCTURAUX DES PAROIS DU SINUS CORONAIRE HUMAIN
    (1990-01-01) Piffer, C. R.; Piffer, M. I.S.; Zorzetto, N. L.; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
    The authors studied the structure and the disposition of the connective-muscular tissue components of the superficial (epicardiac) and deep (myocardiac) walls of the coronary sinus. The connections of the coronary sinus walls to epicardium and myocardium, through septums fibrous of the perimisium, may play the role of increasing the resistance of the walls during the elevation of the venous pression. The presence of voluminous fascicles of circular and oblique cardiac muscle fibers coming from myocardium walls of the atria, that completely turning around the superficial wall of the sinus, to our knowledge, it would act as a functional sphincteric dispositive, able to maintain impulse of blood-stream and even to prevent blood reflux during atrial presystole. The authors, also, presented the structure and the function of the coronary sinus and Vieussens valves.