Influência do teor de água na superfície do solo sobre a eficácia e seletividade do flazasulfuron, na cultura de cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2004-06-01
Autores
Martini, G. [UNESP]
Durigan, Julio Cezar [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas
Resumo
Objetivou-se avaliar a eficácia e a seletividade do herbicida flazasulfuron aplicado em pré-emergência de Panicum maximum, Brachiaria plantaginea e Digitaria horizontalis e das plantas de cana-de-açúcar, em solos argilosos com diferentes teores de água na superfície, após os primeiros cinco dias da aplicação. Foram testadas as seguintes doses de flazasulfuron isolado: 37,5; 50,0; e 75,0 g ha-1. O herbicida foi misturado, na menor dose (37,5 g ha-1), com ametrine e diuron, ambos a 1.000 g ha¹, e com acetochlor na dose de 1.536 g ha-1. Esses tratamentos foram comparados aos padrões comerciais: isoxaflutole (112,5 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (1.000 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1) e diuron + hexazinone (1.500 g ha-1). Mantiveram-se as testemunhas capinada e infestada. Todos os herbicidas foram seletivos aos cultivares de cana-de-açúcar testados (RB 845257 e RB 855536). O herbicida flazasulfuron, bem como alguns padrões comerciais, proporcionou ótimos níveis de controle das plantas daninhas onde o solo se encontrava com bons teores de água nesse período. Os resultados foram insatisfatórios - sobretudo para o flazasulfuron isolado ou em misturas com ametrine, acetochlor e diuron - para o controle de P. maximum e B. plantaginea em solo com menor teor de água na superfície. Com a dose de 37,5 g ha-1 do flazasulfuron, o controle de B. plantaginea aos 90 dias após a aplicação, foi de 42,5% em função da redução do teor de água de 22% (CC) a 7,1%, na camada de 0 a 2,5 cm do solo. O controle aumentou para 97,5% quando a variação foi de 25% a 21%.
The efficacy and selectivity of the herbicide flazasulfuron, applied on Panicum maximum, Brachiaria plantaginea, and Digitaria horizontalis and sugarcane plants were evaluated during pre emergence under different soil surface water content conditions after the first five days of application. The following isolated Flazasulfuron rates were tested: 37.5, 50.0 and 75.0 g ha-1. The smallest rate (37.5 g ha-1) was mixed with 1000.0 g ha-1 ametrine or diuron and with 1536.0 g ha-1 acetochlor rates. All flazasulfuron rates alone or mixed were compared with the commercial herbicides isoxaflutole (112.5 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (1000 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1), and diuron + hexazinone (1500 g ha-1), plus two checks, with and without weeds. All the herbicides were selective to the tested sugarcane plant cultivars RB 845257 and RB 855536. Flazasulfuron and some commercial herbicides provided excellent weed control in moist surface soil. Unsatisfactory results for P. maximum and B. plantaginea control in dry surface soil were obtained with flazasulfuron alone or mixed with ametrine, acetochlor and diuron. Flazasulfuron herbicide with the rate of 37.5 g ha-1 to B. plantaginea controlled 42.5% when the reduction of soil water content was 22% to 7% in the 0-2.5 cm layer. The control increased to 97.5% when the variation of soil water content was 25% to 21%, ninety days after application.
The efficacy and selectivity of the herbicide flazasulfuron, applied on Panicum maximum, Brachiaria plantaginea, and Digitaria horizontalis and sugarcane plants were evaluated during pre emergence under different soil surface water content conditions after the first five days of application. The following isolated Flazasulfuron rates were tested: 37.5, 50.0 and 75.0 g ha-1. The smallest rate (37.5 g ha-1) was mixed with 1000.0 g ha-1 ametrine or diuron and with 1536.0 g ha-1 acetochlor rates. All flazasulfuron rates alone or mixed were compared with the commercial herbicides isoxaflutole (112.5 g ha-1), tebuthiuron (1000 g ha-1), sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1), and diuron + hexazinone (1500 g ha-1), plus two checks, with and without weeds. All the herbicides were selective to the tested sugarcane plant cultivars RB 845257 and RB 855536. Flazasulfuron and some commercial herbicides provided excellent weed control in moist surface soil. Unsatisfactory results for P. maximum and B. plantaginea control in dry surface soil were obtained with flazasulfuron alone or mixed with ametrine, acetochlor and diuron. Flazasulfuron herbicide with the rate of 37.5 g ha-1 to B. plantaginea controlled 42.5% when the reduction of soil water content was 22% to 7% in the 0-2.5 cm layer. The control increased to 97.5% when the variation of soil water content was 25% to 21%, ninety days after application.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pre-emergence, Weeds, Herbicides, pré-emergência, Plantas daninhas, Herbicidas
Como citar
Planta Daninha. Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas , v. 22, n. 2, p. 259-267, 2004.