Artigos - Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal - FCAV

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In vivo embryo development in bitches inseminated laparoscopically after ovulation time estimated based on a single progesterone determination
(2023-01-01) Alves, Aracelle Elisane; Motheo, Tathiana Ferguson; Apparicio, Maricy Ferreira [UNESP]; Mostachio, Giuliano Queiroz; dos Santos, Ricarda Maria; Vicente, Wilter Ricardo Russiano [UNESP]; Luvoni, Gaia Cecilia; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU); Universidade de Cuiabá; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Centro Universitário de Rio Preto; Università Degli Studi di Milano
Logistic and economical limitations are often the causes of dog owners not accurately monitoring the estrous cycle and the optimal insemination time. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo early embryonic development in bitches, after the analysis of sequential vaginal cytologies associated to single progesterone measurement and single laparoscopic insemination with high quality semen (fresh and with high spermatozoa concentration) or low-quality semen (frozen/thawed and with low spermatozoa concentration) at 48 h post-ovulation time predicted on a single progesterone measurement. Ten bitches were inseminated with 250 x 106 fresh spermatozoa (80% motility), and ten with 80 x 106 frozen/thawed spermatozoa (60% motility) in the cranial part of each uterine horn. Seven days later, ovariohysterectomy was performed and the oviducts and uterine horns and body were flushed to recover embryos and unfertilized oocytes. In 80% of the bitches inseminated with fresh and 50% of bitches inseminated with frozen/thawed semen, embryos at 2 to 8 cells stage were recovered mostly from the, oviducts. This study indicates that pregnancies can be obtained with a single laparoscopic intrauterine insemination after single serum progesterone measurement, although with a low number of embryos. This result should be taken into account in case economic or logistic restrictions that affect the possibility of owners to plan an accurate monitoring of the optimal breeding time using fresh and frozen semen.
Oxidative stress in newborn kids and does submitted to different antenatal corticosteroid therapy
(2023-01-01) Maschio, Eva Liliane dos Santos Silva [UNESP]; Narciso, Luis Gustavo [UNESP]; Trevizan, Juliane Teramachi [UNESP]; Bovino, Fernanda [UNESP]; Vieira, Dielson da Silva [UNESP]; Mendes, Luiz Cláudio Nogueira [UNESP]; Peiró, Juliana Regina [UNESP]; Alcindo, Jefferson Filgueira; de Almeida, Breno Fernando Martins; Feitosa, Francisco Leydson Formiga [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA); Centro Universitário das Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos (Unifio); Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA); Yale University School of Medicine
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different corticosteroid protocols performed in pregnant does on oxidative stress markers of newborn kids born with 141 days of gestation and does. Reactive oxygen metabolites (D-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) were examine in response to the following four protocols: GI (does: n = 4; newborns kids: n = 7) with a single dose of 20 mg dexamethasone, 2 days prior to elective surgery (139 days of gestation); GII (does: n = 4; newborns kids: n = 6) 2 mg dexamethasone (133–136 days); 4 mg (137−139); and 20 mg at 140 days; GIII (does: n = 4; newborns kids: n = 7) with a dose of 16 mg of dexamethasone (139 days), with repeated doses at 12-h interval until elective surgery; and GIV (does: n = 4; newborns kids: n = 6) using doses of 4, 8, 16, and 20 mg dexamethasone (137, 138, 139, and 140 days). Samples were collected from does 15 min (DM15) after birth and from newborn kids 15 min (M15), 24 h (M24), and 48 h (M48) after birth. When verifying the effect of time in each group, newborn kids from GII, GIII, and GIV presented lower concentrations of D-ROMs at M15 when compared to M48. Newborn kids from GIII and GIV showed increased BAP values at M24 and M48 when compared to M15, respectively. Comparisons between treatments revealed that newborn kids from GI presented higher D-ROMs than those of GII at M15 and GIV at M48. GIV presented higher BAP values than GI, GII, and GII at M48. No significant differences among does were observed considering D-ROMs or BAP values. The protocol for the administration of corticosteroids in does influence the oxidative stress response in newborn kids.
Growth performance, reproductive parameters and fertility measures in young Nellore bulls with divergent feed efficiency
(2022-01-01) Rossi, Guilherme Fazan [UNESP]; Bastos, Natália Marins [UNESP]; Vrisman, Dayane Priscila [UNESP]; Rodrigues, Naiara Nantes [UNESP]; Vantini, Roberta [UNESP]; Garcia, Joaquim Mansano [UNESP]; Dias, Erika Aline Ribeiro; Simili, Flávia Fernanda; Guimarães, André Lasmar; Canesin, Roberta Carrilho; Mercadante, Maria Eugênia Zerlotti; Freitas-Dell’Aqua, Camila de Paula [UNESP]; de Athayde, Flávia Regina Florencio [UNESP]; Monteiro, Fabio Morato [UNESP]; Mingoti, Gisele Zoccal [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Instituto de Zootecnia
The growth, sexual maturity and fertility-related parameters related of young Nellore bulls with divergent residual feed intake (RFI) raised on pasture were evaluated. After classification of 48 young males as low and high RFI (more and less efficient, respectively), the animals were evaluated for growth and reproductive parameters at 28-day intervals from 14.3 to 24.6 months of age. The semen was cryopreserved in the last sampling and fresh and post-thaw semen samples were evaluated. Low RFI bulls exhibited higher initial and final body weight (P < 0.05), but feed intake, body condition score and growth measures evaluated by carcass ultrasound were unaffected by RFI (P > 0.05). The scrotal circumference, sperm concentration, defects, and quality of fresh semen, and ultrasonographic testicular characteristics were unaffected by RFI (P > 0.05). However, velocity parameters such as average path and curvilinear velocities determined by computer-assisted sperm analysis of thawed semen submitted to the rapid thermoresistance test were improved (P < 0.05) in low RFI bulls, but this improvement in quality did not enhance in vitro sperm fertilizing ability. Our results demonstrated significant differences in metabolism and growth performance between bulls of divergent RFI. In addition, there was slight improvement in the semen quality of bulls with low RFI bulls, but this did not enhance in vitro fertilizing ability. Selection of beef bulls for RFI can be performed, which will result in economic benefits by improving the growth performance of the animals without affecting reproductive parameters.
Histological characterization of the cervix of ewes in estrus
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2022-09-01) Del Aguila da Silva, P. [UNESP]; Padilha-Nakaghi, L. [UNESP]; Nociti, R.; Oliveira, M. [UNESP]; Aires, L. [UNESP]; Dantas, J. [UNESP]; Gasser, B. [UNESP]; Feliciano, M.; Nakaghi, E. [UNESP]; Moraes, P. [UNESP]; Vicente, W. [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Blood gas analysis comparison between pyometra and healthy bitches
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2022-09-01) Uscategui, A. Ramirez; Gasser, B. [UNESP]; Silva, J. Campos [UNESP]; Oliveira, A. Luiz de [UNESP]; Lima Rocha, P. Lanez de [UNESP]; Castro, F. Mendonca [UNESP]; Costa, N. Belini da [UNESP]; Freitas, P. Fomin de [UNESP]; Feliciano, M. Rossi; Vicente, W. Russiano [UNESP]; Univ CES; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Renal and hepatic serum biochemistry of bitches with pyometra
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2022-09-01) Gasser, B. [UNESP]; Uscategui, R. Ramirez; Lima, B. Bressianini [UNESP]; Del Aguila da Silva, P. [UNESP]; Aires, L. Nogueira [UNESP]; Carneiro, R. Kretzer [UNESP]; Cruvinel, G. [UNESP]; Campos, N. Camatta [UNESP]; Feliciano, M. Rossi; Vicente, W. Russiano [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Univ CES; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
MICROCYSTIN MC-LR IN BRAZILIAN AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc, 2010-01-01) Barros, Ludmilla S. S.; Tavares, Lucia Helena S. [UNESP]; Amaral, Luiz A. [UNESP]; Lutsenko, A.; Palahniuk, V; Univ Fed Reconcavo Bahia; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The growth of aquaculture production systems, mostly the sports-fishing kind, coupled to lack of control, brings about concerns on the quality of water and food produced. Current paper determines which factors may trigger the growth of cyanobacteria with subsequent concentrations of microcystins in collected water samples, at the surface and in the water column, from ten aquaculture systems, during the dry and rainy seasons. The above is undertaken by measurements of biotic (counting of Chlorophyceae, cyanobacteria and MC-LR) and abiotic (total nitrogen and total phosphorus) factors. Since water of ten aquaculture production systems had MC-LR concentrations highly correlated with M. aeruginosa biomass, most MC-LR microcystins were produced by this species. MC-LR concentrations and M. aeruginosa counting were positively correlated with N:P rates and suggest that parameters may affect not only the M. aeruginosa biomass but also MC-LR concentrations.
Pesquisa de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em bovinos leiteiros, cães e trabalhadores rurais da região Sudoeste do Estado de Mato Grosso
(Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária, 2009-12-01) Benetti, Ana Helena; Schein, Fábio Bernardo; Santos, Thaís Rabelo dos [UNESP]; Gilson Hélio, Toniollo [UNESP]; Costa, Alvimar José da; Mineo, José Roberto; Lobato, Janaína; Silva, Deise Aparecida de Oliveira; Gennari, Solange Maria
Considerando a importância da neosporose interferindo na produtividade animal, avaliou-se a frequência de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em amostras de soros de bovinos leiteiros da Região Sudoeste do Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, complementando-se com amostras sorológicas colhidas de cães e de humanos que conviviam nas mesmas propriedades rurais amostradas. Um total de 1.036 amostras de soros foram analisadas, sendo 932 de fêmeas bovinas leiteiras, 37 de cães e 67 de humanos, provenientes de 24 propriedades e examinados por meio da reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI). As amostras de soros humanos reagentes foram testadas novamente por Western-blotting para confirmação dos resultados. Anticorpos anti-N. caninum foram encontrados em 499 bovinos (53,5%), em pelo menos um animal positivo por propriedade, em 25 caninos (67,6%) e em sete humanos (10,5%). Não houve diferença significativa no número de bovinos positivos por faixa etária. Os resultados obtidos indicam uma ampla disseminação de N. caninum na região estudada.
High-definition ultrasonography for evaluation of embryonic and fetal development in bitch
(2022-01-01) Maronezi, M. C. [UNESP]; Simões, A. P.R. [UNESP]; Uscategui, R. A.R.; Carneiro, R. K. [UNESP]; Gasser, B. [UNESP]; Silva, P. [UNESP]; Maciel, G. S. [UNESP]; Cruz, I. C.K.; Vicente, W. R. [UNESP]; Feliciano, M. A.R.; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidad CES; Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
In women, high-definition ultrasonography provides high-quality images of normal and diseased tissues throughout pregnancy, however there are no veterinary studies describing the use of this technology in pregnant dogs. The objective was to evaluate pregnant female dogs daily, using high-definition ultrasonography (HD) in brachycephalic, documenting daily findings of maternal-fetal structures. Twelve healthy brachycephalic females were evaluated daily by HD ultrasound until delivery. It was possible to identify and categorize all maternal, embryonic, and fetal structures and their development, including some fetal tissues not yet described in the literature. The HD exam is an excellent method to monitor the pregnancy of female dogs and identify structures early, providing safe and complete information regarding fetal development
Use of giant unilamellar lipid vesicles as antioxidant carriers in in vitro culture medium of bovine embryos
(2022-12-01) Rossi, Luana Teixeira Rodrigues [UNESP]; Nunes, Giovana Barros [UNESP]; da Silva, Cíntia Rodrigues [UNESP]; de Rossi, Hugo [UNESP]; dos Santos, Priscila Helena [UNESP]; Nogueira, Marcelo Fábio Gouveia [UNESP]; Aoki, Pedro Henrique Benites [UNESP]; Mingoti, Gisele Zoccal [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are composed of lipophilic layers and are sensitive to the action of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The use of GUVs as microcarriers of biological macromolecules is particularly interesting since ROS produced by gametes or embryos during in vitro culture can induce the opening of pores in the membrane of these vesicles and cause the release of their content. This study investigated the behavior of GUVs [composed of 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(lissamine rhodamine B sulfonyl)] in co-culture with in vitro produced bovine embryos, as well as their embryotoxicity and effectiveness as cysteine carriers in culture medium. Embryonic developmental rates were unaffected, demonstrating the absence of toxicity of GUVs co-cultured with the embryos. No increase of intracellular ROS levels was observed in the embryos co-cultured with GUVs, indicating that the higher lipid content of the culture environment resulting from the lipid composition of the GUV membrane itself did not increase oxidative stress. Variations in the diameter and number of GUVs demonstrated their sensitivity to ROS produced by embryos cultured under conditions that generate oxidative stress. Encapsulation of cysteine in GUVs was found to be more effective in controlling the production of ROS in embryonic cells than direct dilution of this antioxidant in the medium. In conclusion, the use of GUVs in in vitro culture was found to be safe since these vesicles did not promote toxic effects nor did they increase intracellular ROS concentrations in the embryos. GUVs were sensitive to oxidative stress, which resulted in structural changes in response to the action of ROS. The possible slow release of cysteine into the culture medium by GUV rupture would therefore favor the gradual supply of cysteine, prolonging its presence in the medium. Thus, the main implication of the use of GUVs as cysteine microcarriers is the greater effectiveness in preventing the intracytoplasmic increase of ROS in in vitro produced bovine embryos.
Serologic profile of bovine alfaherpesvirus type E 1 (BOHV-1) and pestivirus A ( BVDV-1) in herds of a family farming of the São Paulo state
(Inst Zootecnia, 2021-01-01) Curci, Vera Claudia Magalhaes; Costa, Ricardo Lopes Dias da; Alexandrino, Bruna; Borges, Lucimara Antonio; Romaldini, Adriana Hellmeister de Campos Nogueira; Moreli, Fernando Christiano Gabriel; Bozzi, Alexandre da Rocha; Samara, Samir Issa [UNESP]; Inst Biol; Ctr Pesquisa Zootecnia Diversificada; Univ Fed Tocantins UFT; Minist Agr Pecuaria & Abastecimento; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Fundacao Inst Terras Estado Sao Paulo Jose Gomes; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Serum samples from 719 dairy cattle of reproductive age, from 47 farms in a settlement in the municipality of Andradina, Sao Paulo, were analyzed for the presence of antibodies against the Nebraska strain of BoHV-1 and Singer type 1 of BVDV-1, using the virus neutralization technique (VN). Regarding BoHV-1, 72.0% of the samples analyzed (518/719) were positive, with a geometric mean of antibody titers of 318. For BVDV-1, 44.8% of the samples were reactive, only one farm had no reactive animals, and the majority of antibody titers found in the animals' sera were low. The results of this study revealed that BoHV-1 was present in all of the studied herds, with moderate titration in the majority of cases, with the presence of some high individual titers among the tested animals. Also, even with the reactivation or circulation of BoHV-1 in herds, the clinical disease was not observed, an epidemiological finding that also applied to BVDV-1. In view of the results obtained, the circulation of diseases in family farm herds in the studied region was evident, suggesting the need to study local risk factors and improve health education policies as a way to prevent or reduce the prevalence of these diseases.
Prevalence of bovine fascioliasis and economic losses in an abattoir located in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil
(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2022-07-25) Teixeira, Jessica Nogueira [UNESP]; Barcellos, Rodrigo Rhoden; Link, Daniella Tosta; Mathias, Luis Antonio [UNESP]; Tobias, Fernando Luiz; Braga, Fabio Ribeiro; Rossi, Gabriel Augusto Marques; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal do Espírito Santo (IDAF); Universidade Vila Velha (UVV)
Bovine fasciolosis is a neglected parasitic zoonosis that causes economic losses to beef production chains due to liver condemnation at abattoirs. Despite the characterization of Bovine fasciolosis in several areas of Brazil, an update on its prevalence in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Espirito Santo is lacking. Thus, fasciolosis prevalence from 2018 to 2021 is presented here according to cattle origin (municipalities of both states). In addition, the associated economic impact on an abbatoir was analyzed through liver condemnation of bovines from both states. The prevalence of fasciolosis in the state of Espírito Santo (10.4%) was significantly higher than Rio de Janeiro (3.6%) (P < 0.01), and resulted in an economic loss of US$12,678.60 for the abattoir. The following municipalities located in the state of Espírito Santo presented prevalences above the mean (10.3%) established in the study: Vargem Alta, Anchieta, Cachoeiro do Itapemirim, Castelo, Atilio Vivacqua, Apiacá and Ibitirama. Thus, majority of these municipalities are considered high-risk areas. Although, there is an aparrent reduction of fasciolosis prevalence, it continues to be a cause of economic losses in abattoirs especially in the state of Espírito Santo. Accordingly, prophylactic measures must still be adopted in cattle farms.
Preputial reconstruction after traumatic avulsion in a dog
(2016-01-01) Huppes, R. R.; Sprada, A. G. [UNESP]; Uscategui, R. A.R. [UNESP]; Passos, B. L.S.; De Nardi, A. B. [UNESP]; Pazzini, J. M. [UNESP]; Castro, J. L.C.; Minto, B. W. [UNESP]; Vicente, W. R.R. [UNESP]; Universidade de Uningá; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Clínica Veterinária Planeta Bicho; Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Paraná
Extensive loss of preputial tissue can cause additional penile injuries and infections, therefore it should be treated promptly. Extensive lesions may require reconstrsuctive techniques and even partial or complete amputation of the penis. This paper report the case of male mongrel dog showing traumatic avulsion lesion in the pelvic limbs, inguinal and preputial region. An axial pattern flap from the limb that was later amputated due to severity of injury was used for the inguinal and preputial reconstruction. The flap technique used was successful in the reconstruction of prepuce without penile amputation and the patient was discharged 14 days later.
Recellularized rat testis scaffolds with embryoid bodies cells: a promising approach for tissue engineering
(2022-01-01) Batista, Vitória Frias; de Sá Schiavo Matias, Gustavo; Carreira, Ana Claudia Oliveira; Smith, Lawrence Charles; Rodrigues, Rafaela; Araujo, Michelle Silva; Souza Silva, Dara Rubia; Moraes, Felipe de Jesus; Garcia, Joaquim Mansano [UNESP]; Miglino, Maria Angelica; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Université de Montréal); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Tissue engineering is gaining use to investigate the application of its techniques for infertility treatment. The use of pluripotent embryonic cells for in vitro production of viable spermatozoa in testicular scaffolds is a promising strategy that could solve male infertility. Due to cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, here we aim to investigate the differentiation of embryoid bodies (EBs) in cultured into decellularized rat testis scaffolds. Decellularized testis (P = 0.019) with a low concentration of gDNA (30.58 mg/ng tissue) was obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate perfusion. The structural proteins (collagens type I and III) and the adhesive glycoproteins of ECM (laminin and fibronectin) were preserved according to histological and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Then, decellularized rat testis were cultured for 7 days with EB, and EB mixed with retinoic acid (RA) in non-adherent plates. By SEM, we observe that embryonic stem cells adhered in the decellularized testis ECM. By immunofluorescence, we verified the positive expression of HSD17B3, GDNF, ACRV-1, and TRIM-36, indicating their differentiation using RA in vitro, reinforcing the possibility of EB in male germ cell differentiation. Finally, recellularized testis ECM may be a promising tool for future new approaches for testicular cell differentiation applied to assisted reproduction techniques and infertility treatment. Abbreviations: ACRV-1: Acrosomal vesicle protein 1; ATB: Penicillin-streptomycin; DAPI: 4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole; EB: Embryoid bodies; ECM: Extracellular matrix; ESCs: Pluripotent embryonic stem cells; GAGs: Glycosaminoglycans; gDNA: Genomic DNA; GDNF: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; H&E: Hematoxylin and eosin; HSD17B3: 17-beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3; PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline; PGCLCs: Primordial germ-cell-like cells; RA: Retinoic acid; SDS: Sodium dodecyl sulfate; SEM: Scanning electron microscopy; SSCs: Spermatogonial stem cells; TRIM-36: Tripartite Motif Containing 36;.
Diversity and Seasonal Dynamics of Ticks on Ring-Tailed Coatis Nasua nasua (Carnivora: Procyonidae) in Two Urban Areas from Midwestern Brazil
(2022-02-01) Perles, Livia [UNESP]; Martins, Thiago Fernandes; Barreto, Wanessa Teixeira Gomes; de Macedo, Gabriel Carvalho; Herrera, Heitor Miraglia; Mathias, Luis Antônio [UNESP]; Labruna, Marcelo Bahia; Barros-Battesti, Darci Moraes [UNESP]; Machado, Rosangela Zacarias [UNESP]; André, Marcos Rogério [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); State Health Secretariat; Mato Grosso do Sul Federal University; Dom Bosco Catholic University
Understanding the diversity and ecology of ectoparasites in wild animals is essential for surveillance of vector-borne diseases. Coatis (Nasua nasua) easily adapt to anthropized areas, favoring close contact with domestic animals and humans, with the possibility of exchange of ectoparasites and pathogens. The present study aimed to identify the diversity of ticks parasitizing coatis from forest urban areas of midwestern Brazil, to evaluate the seasonal dynamics of ticks during the seasons of the year, and to assess the correlation between tick species and gender and age of the sampled coatis. For this purpose, 103 coatis were captured in two Conservation areas, both located in Campo Grande city, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Midwestern Brazil. The animals’ entire body was inspected for the presence of ectoparasites, and ticks were removed for taxonomic identification. In total, 168 captures were performed in both areas during the observational study considering the first capture and recaptures. In total, 2242 ticks were collected: 838 Amblyomma larvae, 1241 A. sculptum nymphs, and 150 A. dubitatum nymphs. Thirteen adult ticks were identified as three males and five females of A. sculptum and two males and three females of A. ovale. While a quantity of Amblyomma larvae was observed in the first months of the year (January, April and May), Amblyomma nymphs showed a higher quantity during the months of July, August, October and November. No statistical difference was observed when comparing mean intensity and prevalence of Amblyomma larvae, nymphs of A. sculptum and A. dubitatum between the two sampled areas, males vs. females and immature vs. mature animals. In conclusion, three tick species were identified parasitizing coatis from forested urban fragments in midwestern Brazil, namely A. dubitatum nymphs, A. sculptum adults and nymphs, and A. ovale adults. Coatis from anthropized areas seem to present tick species diversity lower than those from natural areas. The lack of statistical difference regarding mean intensity and prevalence of Amblyomma larvae and nymphs between males vs. females and immature vs. mature animals might have reflected the gregarious behavior of coatis, since adult males live together with females and offspring outside and inside the mating season, forming large groups of individuals.
OCCURRENCE OF IgG ANTIBODIES ANTI-Toxoplasma gondii AND Neospora caninum IN CATTLE RAISED IN FAMILY AGRICULTURAL PROPERTIES IN REALEZA, PARANA, BRAZIL
(2021-09-27) Favero, Adriano; Pinto, Vanessa Arantes; Alencar, Gabriela Santos; Bellon, Amanda Knorst; Petry, Alexandra Lays; da Costa Freitas, Wagner Luiz; Mathias, Luis Antônio [UNESP]; da Costa Freitas, Fagner Luiz; Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
This cross-sectional study evaluates the presence of antibodies against Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in cattle raised in Realeza, PR. There was a seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii of 87.5% and 67.9%, respectively in the properties assessed. The frequencies of T. gondii and N. caninum in the animals were 41.1% and 55.1%, respectively. The studied coccidia are widely distributed in dairy cows reared on family farms in the municipality of Realeza, PR. Sanitary control for reproductive diseases must be adopted to prevent miscarriages and the economic damage caused by the disease. Future studies should be performed to investigate how widespread these pathogens are in cattle herds in southwestern Parana.
Retrospective study of rotavirus in beef and dairy herds in the State of São Paulo, Brazil
(2018-01-01) Siqueira, Heloisa Pinto De Godoy [UNESP]; Hoppe, Ingrid Bortolin Affonso Lux [UNESP]; Siqueira, André Buzutti De; Buzinaro, Maria Da Gloria [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Veterinary
Rotavirus is a major cause of neonatal diarrhea in cattle worldwide, leading to significant economic losses. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of rotavirus infection in 48 herds of dairy and beef cattle from 21 municipalities in the northern region of São Paulo State, Brazil during 2006-2010. A total of 803 fecal samples from calves aged 1-90 days were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and positive samples were detected in 33.3% (16/48) of the herds and 6.1% (49/803) of the samples. Of the 326 samples from calves with diarrhea, 12.6% (41/326) were positive, while only 1.7% (8/477) of the 477 samples from calves without clinical signs were positive. These results showed that there is a statistically significant association between the presence of diarrhea and rotavirus infection. Of the 35 dairy herds studied, 34.3% (12/35) were positive for rotavirus, and 3.3% (23/689) of the samples were positive. Of the samples from animals with diarrhea, 5.6% (15/269) were positive, while 1.9% (8/420) of the samples from animals without diarrhea were positive. Chi-square analysis showed a significant association between rotavirus detection and the presence of diarrhea in dairy herds. However, there was no statistical relationship between the age of the calves and rotavirus infection. Of the 13 beef herds sampled, 30.8% (4/13) had positive animals, and 22.8% (26/114) of the samples were positive. All of the positive animals had diarrhea (26/26), which resulted in undefined statistical association. However, the frequency of positive samples was significantly higher in calves aged 1-30 days (p < 0.05). According to the migration of the rotavirus genome in PAGE, it was possible to identify seven distinct electrophoretic types, characteristic of group A rotaviruses, showing genetic differences among the detected strains. The presence of rotavirus infections in the studied region emphasizes the importance of implementing control and prevention measures, since the agent is in constantly evolving in cattle herds.
B-mode ultrasound and ecobiometric parameters to assess embryonic and fetal development and estimate gestational age in goats
(2021-11-01) Del'Aguila-Silva, Priscila [UNESP]; Cirino dos Santos, Fabiana [UNESP]; Correia Santos, Victor José [UNESP]; Rodrigues Simões, Ana Paula [UNESP]; Ramirez Uscategui, Ricardo Andres; Padilha-Nakaghi, Luciana Cristina [UNESP]; Amoroso, Lizandra [UNESP]; Russiano Vicente, Wilter Ricardo [UNESP]; Rossi Feliciano, Marcus Antônio; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV); Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
The aim of this study was to monitor maternal-fetal ecobiometric parameters during physiological pregnancy in goats using ultrasound to predict gestational age by establishing mathematical equations. Twenty-five Saanen goats were included in the study. Assessments were performed weekly from the 21st day of pregnancy until parturition. The abdominal, thoracic, biparietal, and eye socket diameters; distance from the neck to snout; crown-rump, humerus, radius-ulna, metacarpal, femur, tibia, metatarsal, and placentome lengths; kidney height and length; and heart area were measured. Heart rate was obtained using the pulsed Doppler mode. The variables were correlated with gestational age using Spearman's test, and the adjustment of these variables to simple and multiple regression models was done to determine the mathematical formulas for calculating the gestational age. The highest obtained coefficients of determination (R2) were for humerus length (96.2), heart area (95.6), and distance from the neck to the snout (95.3). Only the placentome length and fetal heart rate presented low determination coefficients (R2 = 54.3, R2 = 45.0). The results indicated significant correlations between measures of maternal-fetal structures and gestational age, and can be used as reference values for detection of abnormalities during fetal development.
Silvopastoral system is an alternative to improve animal welfare and productive performance in meat production systems
(2021-12-01) Lemes, Amanda Prudêncio [UNESP]; Garcia, Alexandre Rossetto; Pezzopane, José Ricardo Macedo; Brandão, Felipe Zandonadi; Watanabe, Yeda Fumie; Cooke, Reinaldo Fernandes; Sponchiado, Mariana; de Paz, Claudia Cristina Paro; Camplesi, Annelise Carla [UNESP]; Binelli, Mario; Gimenes, Lindsay Unno [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA); Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF); Vitrogen; Texas A&M University; University of Florida; Instituto de Zootecnia
Climate change is a reality and global surface temperature is projected to rise substantially in the next 80 years. Agriculture practices will have to adapt to climate change, and also help to mitigate this effect using, among other strategies, forest conservation and management. Silvopastoral systems have been adopted in tropical climate livestock areas but their benefits on thermal comfort and reproductive performance of beef cows are not completely known. Therefore, our aims were to compare the microclimate of silvopastoral and intensive rotational unshaded grazing systems in different months and to evaluate physiological variables (Exp. 1 and 2), metabolism, and in vitro embryo production (Exp. 2) in crossbred beef females. Our hypothesis is that the silvopastoral system can improve the thermal comfort of beef heifers and cows and, consequently, also improve dry matter intake, body weight gain, and in vitro embryo production when compared to the unshaded rotational grazing system. In Exp 1, the silvopastoral system decreased body temperature and increased welfare and performance of heifers. In Exp. 2, the silvopastoral system enhanced the body weight but did not affect metabolism and the general reproductive performance, but increased the recovery rate of oocytes in primiparous cows.
Pesquisa de leptospiras e de anticorpos contra leptospiras em animais e humanos de propriedades rurais nos biomas brasileiros pantanal e caatinga
(2015-01-01) da Silva, Felipe Jorge [UNESP]; Dos Santos, Carlos Eduardo Pereira; Silva, Talita Ribeiro [UNESP]; Silva, Glaucenyra Cecília Pinheiro [UNESP]; Loffler, Sylvia Grune; Brihuega, Bibiana; Alarcon, Miguel Frederico Fernandez [UNESP]; Curci, Vera Cláudia Magalhães; Mathias, Luis Antonio [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso; Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria; Agencia Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegocios
The occurrence of Leptospira and of seroreactivity against Leptospira was investigated in animals and humans from six farms located in two Brazilian biomes that have different geoclimatic conditions: Pantanal - municipalities of Miranda (MS), Itiquira (MT) and Pocone (MT) and Caatinga - municipalities of Sobradinho (BA), Garanhuns (PE) and Sobral (BA). Blood and urine samples of wildlife, domestic animals and humans were collected at each property. The samples were collected from February to April 2012 in Caatinga and from July to September 2012 in Pantanal. The serological reactivity against Leptospira spp. was verified by microscopic agglutination technique (MAT) made with a collection consisting by 24 antigens of Leptospira spp. The leptospires research was carried out by urine samples crop sown in Fletcher resources and Ellinghausen - McCullough - Johnson - Harris (EMJH). Crops with growth of leptospires were referred to the Leptospirosis Laboratory of the Institute of Pathobiology, National Institute of Agricultural Technology, Buenos Aires, Argentina and isolated Leptospira strains were genotyped with the technique of Multiple Locus Variable Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA). The classification procedure employed the VNTR 4, 7, 9, 10, 19, 23, 31, LB4 and LB5, which discriminate strains of L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii. In Pantanal, 17 wildlife, 65 domestic animals and two humans were examined. In Caatinga, seven wild animals were examined, along with 100 domestic animals and 26 humans. Of 84 blood samples tested in Pantanal, 47 (55.95%) were positive and, of 133 in Caatinga, 59 (44.36%) were reactant. By Fisher’s exact test, considering a 0.05 significance level, there was no difference between the proportions of serum reagent animals against Leptospira spp. in two biome reviews (p = 0.063). The predominant serovars in SAM reactions were: 1) Pantanal - Bratislava (wildlife, dogs and humans), Grippotyphosa (horses and cattle); 2) Caatinga - Copenhageni (humans and dogs), Patoc (horses and cattle), Panama (sheep and goats), Patoc, Copenhageni and Australis (wildlife). Four strains of Leptospira were isolated: two in Sobradinho, BA, L. interrogans serogroup Pomona in Cavea aperea and L. interrogans in Euphractus sexcinctus; and two in Sobral, CE, L. interrogans in Cerdocyon thous and L. interrogans serogroup Pomona in Euphractus sexcinctus.

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