Sistemas de cultivo e uso de diferentes adubos na produção de silagem e grãos de milho
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Data
2011-03-01
Autores
Castoldi, Gustavo
Costa, Mônica Sarolli Silva de Mendonça
Costa, Luiz Antonio de Mendonça
Pivetta, Laércio Augusto [UNESP]
Steiner, Fábio [UNESP]
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Editor
Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (EDUEM)
Resumo
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho do milho para produção de silagem e grãos, cultivado em diferentes sistemas e adubações. O delineamento experimental adotado foi de blocos inteiramente casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3, composto por dois sistemas de cultivo (sucessão e rotação de culturas) e três fontes de adubação (orgânica, mineral e organomineral), com quatro repetições. Para produção de silagem de planta inteira, os sistemas e as adubações não diferiram estatisticamente entre si (p < 0,05). Para produção de silagem de grão úmido, o sistema em sucessão e a adubação mineral mostraram-se superiores aos demais, produzindo 10.823 e 10.815 kg ha-1, respectivamente, não incrementando, contudo, qualidade à silagem. Já na colheita dos grãos, o sistema em sucessão produziu em média 6.820 kg ha-1 e foi superior ao sistema em rotação. A adubação mineral foi superior às demais, produzindo em média 7.277 kg ha-1, contudo apresentou 54,62% de plantas acamadas, fato este que resultaria em perdas significativas na produtividade, caso a colheita tivesse sido mecanizada.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance of the corn crop for silage and grain production, cultivated under different culture systems and fertilizations. The experiment was performed using a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme. The factors were two culture systems (no-tillage with crop succession and no-tillage with crop rotation) and three sources of fertilization (organic, mineral and organic-mineral), with four repetitions, totaling 24 plots. The results of production of fullplant ensilage in the systems as well as in the fertilization did not differ statistically. The results of humid grain production in the system in succession and in mineral fertilization were superior than the others treatments, producing 10,823 and 10,815 kg ha-1, respectively; however, they did not increase ensilage quality. Regarding the grain harvest, the system in succession produced 6,820 kg ha-1 on average, and was superior to the crop rotation system. The results of mineral fertilization were superior to the organic and the organic-mineral fertilizations, producing on average 7,277 kg ha-1; however, that system featured 54.62% of damped-off plants, which could have resulted in significant yield lost had the harvest been mechanized.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance of the corn crop for silage and grain production, cultivated under different culture systems and fertilizations. The experiment was performed using a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme. The factors were two culture systems (no-tillage with crop succession and no-tillage with crop rotation) and three sources of fertilization (organic, mineral and organic-mineral), with four repetitions, totaling 24 plots. The results of production of fullplant ensilage in the systems as well as in the fertilization did not differ statistically. The results of humid grain production in the system in succession and in mineral fertilization were superior than the others treatments, producing 10,823 and 10,815 kg ha-1, respectively; however, they did not increase ensilage quality. Regarding the grain harvest, the system in succession produced 6,820 kg ha-1 on average, and was superior to the crop rotation system. The results of mineral fertilization were superior to the organic and the organic-mineral fertilizations, producing on average 7,277 kg ha-1; however, that system featured 54.62% of damped-off plants, which could have resulted in significant yield lost had the harvest been mechanized.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
sistema plantio direto, rotação de culturas, adubação orgânica, no-tillage, crop rotation, organic fertilization
Como citar
Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy. Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) - EDUEM, v. 33, n. 1, p. 139-146, 2011.