Pitiose em animais de produção no Pantanal Matogrossense
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Data
2011-12-01
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Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA
Resumo
Realizou-se, em quatro propriedades rurais no Pantanal Matogrossense, em 2009 e 2010, um estudo clínico e epidemiológico da pitiose em bovinos e equinos. A enfermidade ocorreu predominantemente entre os meses de novembro e março, correspondendo ao período chuvoso na região. A incidência média anual foi de 0,22% e 12,5% em bovinos e equinos, respectivamente. Nos bovinos, a distribuição dos casos ocorreu no ápice das cheias e restringiu-se a novilhas de 6 a 18 meses de idade, nas quais as lesões cutâneas estiveram associadas com edemas perilesionais discretos e claudicações, mas curaram espontaneamente, em um período máximo de 90 dias. Nos equinos, a pitiose acometeu animais de ambos os sexos, de três a oito anos de idade e registrou-se um caso de reinfecção. A doença evoluiu com agravos no sítio lesional, com desenvolvimento de extenso tecido de granulação, kunkersem permeio à lesão, acentuada caquexia e mortes, as quais ocorreram entre três e sete meses após o início dos sinais. A mortalidade média foi 5,88% e a letalidade 45,45%. A confirmação do diagnóstico incluiu ELISA-teste, PCR, histopatologia (HE e Grocott) e isolamento de P. insidiosum. Na área endêmica estudada, a enfermidade não causou impacto econômico em bovinos, a despeito da evolução insatisfatória registrada na maioria dos equinos. Nesse estudo, a incidência de pitiose em equinos foi 57,23 vezes a observada em bovinos, com significância estatística. Apesar das mesmas condições ambientais, tal diferença foi provavelmente associada com susceptibilidade, comportamento e manejo das espécies nos campos alagados.
An epidemiological study (2009-2010) included cattle and horses affected with pythiosis from farms in Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The disease occurred predominantly from November to March annually, period of the local rainy season. The mean annual incidence of pythiosis was 0.22% and 12.5% in cattle and horses, respectively. In cattle, the case distribution occurred during the peak of the floods and was restricted to 6 to 18 months of age heifers. Mild perilesional edema and lameness evolved to spontaneous resolution within until 90 days. In horses, pythiosis affected animals of both sexes with 3 to 8 years of age. Reinfection afflicted one horse. The lesions evolved to extensive granulation tissue and kunkers' in horses that experienced marked cachexy. Death occurred three to seven months after the beginning of symptoms. The mean mortality rate was 5.88% and the case fatality rate was 45.45%. Diagnosis was confirmed by ELISA test, PCR, histopathology (HE and Grocott) and isolation of Pythium insidiosum. In the endemic area studied, the disease in cattle did not represent an economic impact; on the other hand, the majority of cases in horses progressed unsatisfactorily. The incidence of pythiosis in horses was 57.23 times the incidence recorded in cattle, with statistical significance. While environmental flooded conditions were the same, such difference might be associated with species susceptibility, behavior and management.
An epidemiological study (2009-2010) included cattle and horses affected with pythiosis from farms in Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The disease occurred predominantly from November to March annually, period of the local rainy season. The mean annual incidence of pythiosis was 0.22% and 12.5% in cattle and horses, respectively. In cattle, the case distribution occurred during the peak of the floods and was restricted to 6 to 18 months of age heifers. Mild perilesional edema and lameness evolved to spontaneous resolution within until 90 days. In horses, pythiosis affected animals of both sexes with 3 to 8 years of age. Reinfection afflicted one horse. The lesions evolved to extensive granulation tissue and kunkers' in horses that experienced marked cachexy. Death occurred three to seven months after the beginning of symptoms. The mean mortality rate was 5.88% and the case fatality rate was 45.45%. Diagnosis was confirmed by ELISA test, PCR, histopathology (HE and Grocott) and isolation of Pythium insidiosum. In the endemic area studied, the disease in cattle did not represent an economic impact; on the other hand, the majority of cases in horses progressed unsatisfactorily. The incidence of pythiosis in horses was 57.23 times the incidence recorded in cattle, with statistical significance. While environmental flooded conditions were the same, such difference might be associated with species susceptibility, behavior and management.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Oomycetes, pythiosis, Horse, Cattle, epidemiology, Pythium insidiosum, Oomicetos, Pitiose, Equino, Bovino, Epidemiologia, Pythium insidiosum
Como citar
Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira. Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA, v. 31, n. 12, p. 1083-1089, 2011.