Enraizamento de estacas de espécies de maracujazeiro (Passiflora spp.) no inverno e no verão
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Data
2008-12-01
Autores
Roncatto, Givanildo
Nogueira Filho, Geraldo Costa
Ruggiero, Carlos [UNESP]
Oliveira, João Carlos de [UNESP]
Martins, Antônio Baldo Geraldo [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura
Resumo
O maracujazeiro está entre as principais frutíferas cultivadas no País, mas apresenta limitações no cultivo, ocasionando baixa produtividade, que pode ser superada através do uso da estaquia, clonando as melhores matrizes de alta produtividade. Com isso, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o potencial de enraizamento de estacas no inverno e no verão, utilizando as espécies comerciais (P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener e P. alata Dryander) e os porta-enxertos (P. giberti N.E.Brown, P. nitida H.B.K. e P. setacea D.C.). Este experimento foi realizado no período de julho de 2001 a março de 2002, em câmara de nebulização intermitente, sob condições de telado (50% de sombreamento). As estacas foram coletadas de plantas adultas oriundas do Banco de Germoplasma Ativo (BAG) do Departamento de Produção Vegetal da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal-SP (FCAV/UNESP) e de pomares comerciais, em julho de 2001 e em janeiro de 2002. A estaquia foi feita com a coleta da parte intermediária de ramos em estádio de crescimento vegetativo, no inverno e no verão. As estacas herbáceas tinham aproximadamente 15cm de comprimento, três nós e duas meias - folhas. As estacas foram tratadas com ácido indolbutírico (AIB) nas concentrações de 0; 500; 1.000 e 2.000mg.L-1, por cinco segundos, e plantadas em bandejas plásticas (40x30x10cm) com vermiculita de textura média, onde permaneceram por 60 dias. Houve influência do AIB e da época do ano no enraizamento, variando de acordo com a espécie. Sendo assim, P. giberti obteve o melhor desempenho em relação às demais espécies, com 73% de enraizamento no verão. A percentagem de enraizamento foi melhor para P. alata (58%) e para P. nitida (40%) no inverno e sem AIB. P. edulis f. flavicarpa enraizou apenas 23% no inverno, e P. setacea não enraizou. O número e o comprimento de raízes foram maiores no inverno. A sobrevivência de plantas não se diferenciou significativamente entre os tratamentos.
The passion fruit plant is among the leading fruit grown in the country, but it has limitations on the cultivation causing a low productivity, which can be overcome through the use of cutting, cloning the best matrices of high productivity. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the potential for rooting of cuttings in the winter and in the summer, using the commercial species (P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener and P. alata Dryander) and rootstocks (P. giberti N. E. Brown, P. nitida H.B.K. and P. setacea D.C.). This experiment was carried out from July 2001 to March 2002 in intermittent mist, under screenhouse conditions (50% of shading). The cuttings were collected from adult plants from the Bank of Active Germplasm (BAG) of the Department of Plant Production of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences of the Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal-SP (FCAV / UNESP) and from commercial orchards on July 2001 and January 2002. The herbaceous cuttings were prepared with the intermediate part of branches collected in the growth stage in the winter and in the summer. The cuttings were approximately 15cm long, with three nodes and two half leaves. The cuttings were treated with indolebutyric acid (IBA) at concentrations of 0, 500, 1000 and 2000mg.L-1, for five seconds and planted in plastic trays (40x30x10cm) with vermiculite of medium texture, where they remained for 60 days. There was influence both from IBA and the season on the rooting, varying according to the species. Therefore, P. giberti obtained the best performance in relation to other species, with 73% of rooting in the summer, while the percentage of rooting was best for the P. alata (58%) and for the P. nitida (40%) in the winter and without IBA. P. edulis f. flavicarpa rooted only 23% in the winter, and P. setacea did not root. Number and length of roots were higher in the winter. The survival of plants did not differ significantly among treatments.
The passion fruit plant is among the leading fruit grown in the country, but it has limitations on the cultivation causing a low productivity, which can be overcome through the use of cutting, cloning the best matrices of high productivity. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the potential for rooting of cuttings in the winter and in the summer, using the commercial species (P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener and P. alata Dryander) and rootstocks (P. giberti N. E. Brown, P. nitida H.B.K. and P. setacea D.C.). This experiment was carried out from July 2001 to March 2002 in intermittent mist, under screenhouse conditions (50% of shading). The cuttings were collected from adult plants from the Bank of Active Germplasm (BAG) of the Department of Plant Production of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences of the Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal-SP (FCAV / UNESP) and from commercial orchards on July 2001 and January 2002. The herbaceous cuttings were prepared with the intermediate part of branches collected in the growth stage in the winter and in the summer. The cuttings were approximately 15cm long, with three nodes and two half leaves. The cuttings were treated with indolebutyric acid (IBA) at concentrations of 0, 500, 1000 and 2000mg.L-1, for five seconds and planted in plastic trays (40x30x10cm) with vermiculite of medium texture, where they remained for 60 days. There was influence both from IBA and the season on the rooting, varying according to the species. Therefore, P. giberti obtained the best performance in relation to other species, with 73% of rooting in the summer, while the percentage of rooting was best for the P. alata (58%) and for the P. nitida (40%) in the winter and without IBA. P. edulis f. flavicarpa rooted only 23% in the winter, and P. setacea did not root. Number and length of roots were higher in the winter. The survival of plants did not differ significantly among treatments.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
AIB, P. edulis, P. alata, P. nitida, P. giberti, P. setacea, IBA, P. edulis, P. alata, P. nitida, P. giberti, P. setacea
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura. Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 30, n. 4, p. 1089-1093, 2008.