Aplicação de danos mecânicos em abacates e seus efeitos na qualidade dos frutos
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Data
2008-03-01
Autores
Sanches, Juliana
Durigan, José Fernando [UNESP]
Durigan, Maria Fernanda Berlingieri [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola (SBEA)
Resumo
Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da aplicação de danos mecânicos por impacto, compressão e corte em abacates 'Geada'. O trabalho consistiu em duas etapas: na primeira, o impacto foi aplicado deixando-se os frutos caírem, em queda livre, de 1,5 m a 3,0 m, com intervalo de 0,5 m; na compressão, os frutos sofreram a ação dos pesos: 6 kg por 12 horas e 12 kg por 6 horas. Para os cortes, foram realizados quatro cortes com 80 mm de comprimento e 4 mm de profundidade. Na segunda etapa, para a compressão, utilizou-se peso de 12 kg por tempo maior (24 h). No impacto, foi aplicada queda de 2,0 m, e os cortes, realizados da mesma maneira que na primeira etapa. Os efeitos de cada dano foram avaliados nos frutos armazenados sob condição ambiente quanto à coloração, perda de massa fresca e teores de sólidos solúveis e de acidez titulável. Queda de alturas maiores que 2,0 m levaram os frutos a rachaduras. Até 2,0 m de altura, formaram-se fissuras ao redor do caroço, que foram preenchidas por filamentos de aspecto duro e não se tornou visível externamente. O abacate não se mostrou suscetível à aplicação das compressões 6 kg/12 h e 12 kg/6 h, mas o tratamento 12 kg/24 h fez com que a casca apresentasse coloração verde mais escura durante três dias. Os cortes provocaram cicatrizes na casca.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of mechanical damages application in 'Geada' avocado fruit by impact, compression, and cut. This work was carried out in two stages: first, the impact test was applied by free fall of the fruits, from 1.5 m to 3.0 m, with steps of 0.5 m. For the compression tests, fruits were loaded using blocks of two different weights: 6 kg for 12 h and 12 kg for 6 h. Four cuts of 80 mm, in length and 4 mm, in depth were performed for the cut tests; second, for the compression tests was used blocks of 12 kg for longer time than the first one (24 h). In the impact test it was applied a 2.0 m free fall and cuts was carried out in the same way of first stage. The fruits were stored at room condition and evaluated for coloration, weight loss, total soluble solids and titratable acidity. The results showed that fall higher than 2.0 m promoted fissures in the fruits; up to 2.0 m high it was observed fissures in pit surrounding that was filled by filaments of rigid appearance that was not visible on the skin surface. The avocado fruit was not susceptible at compression application (6 kg/12 h and 12 kg/6 h), but at 12 kg/24 h the skin exhibited darker green color than control fruits for three days. The cuts promoted skin scars.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of mechanical damages application in 'Geada' avocado fruit by impact, compression, and cut. This work was carried out in two stages: first, the impact test was applied by free fall of the fruits, from 1.5 m to 3.0 m, with steps of 0.5 m. For the compression tests, fruits were loaded using blocks of two different weights: 6 kg for 12 h and 12 kg for 6 h. Four cuts of 80 mm, in length and 4 mm, in depth were performed for the cut tests; second, for the compression tests was used blocks of 12 kg for longer time than the first one (24 h). In the impact test it was applied a 2.0 m free fall and cuts was carried out in the same way of first stage. The fruits were stored at room condition and evaluated for coloration, weight loss, total soluble solids and titratable acidity. The results showed that fall higher than 2.0 m promoted fissures in the fruits; up to 2.0 m high it was observed fissures in pit surrounding that was filled by filaments of rigid appearance that was not visible on the skin surface. The avocado fruit was not susceptible at compression application (6 kg/12 h and 12 kg/6 h), but at 12 kg/24 h the skin exhibited darker green color than control fruits for three days. The cuts promoted skin scars.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
compressão, corte, impacto, Persea americana, compression, cut, impact, Persea americana
Como citar
Engenharia Agrícola. Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, v. 28, n. 1, p. 164-175, 2008.