Objetivos de seleção e valores econômicos em sistemas de produção de gado de corte no Brasil
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Data
2007-10-01
Autores
Jorge Júnior, João [UNESP]
Cardoso, Vera Lucia
Albuquerque, Lucia Galvão de [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia
Resumo
A importância econômica de possíveis características biológicas a serem incluídas em objetivos de seleção para diferentes sistemas de produção de bovinos da raça Nelore, mediante o cálculo dos seus valores econômicos foi avaliada nesta pesquisa. Com base em informações de desempenho e parâmetros biológicos e econômicos, foram simulados diferentes sistemas de produção (ciclos de cria e completo) para dois rebanhos. O rebanho 1, com ciclo de cria (Ccr), ciclo completo (Cco) e ciclo completo com venda de reprodutores (CcoR), é um rebanho elite no qual é desenvolvido um programa seleção. Parte deste rebanho é também destinada à produção de animais comerciais. O rebanho 2 é um rebanho exclusivamente comercial, com Ccr e Cco. Os valores econômicos foram calculados usando-se um modelo bio-econômico, para as seguintes características: peso (PD) e taxa de desmama (TD), peso da vaca adulta (PVA), ganho médio diário no confinamento (GMD), pesos ao abate (PA) e de carcaça (PC), peso final dos tourinhos (PFT), rendimento de carcaça (RC) e consumo alimentar no confinamento (CAc) e em pastagem (CAp). Para os sistemas de ciclo completo e de ciclo completo com venda de reprodutores e CcoR (Cco e CcoR), os valores econômicos variaram de R$ 0,34 a R$ 0,40 para PD, R$ 3,51 a R$ 10,15 para TD, -R$ 0,16 a R$ 0,09 para PAV, R$ 0,32 a R$ 0,76 para GMDc, R$ 1,09 a R$ 1,17 para PA; R$ 2,03 a R$ 2,19 para PC, R$ 23,89 a R$ 28,61 para RC, e R$ 11,85 para PFT, - R$0,45 para CAc e - R$ 0,03 para CAp. A taxa de desmama e o rendimento de carcaça foram as características de maior impacto no lucro anual dos dois rebanhos. As análises de sensibilidade demonstraram que, de modo geral, possíveis mudanças nos preços de insumos e produtos influenciariam de forma mais significativa os valores econômicos nos sistemas de produção nos quais esses preços eram mais elevados nas situações básicas.
Economic values were calculated to evaluate the economic importance of possible traits to be included in breeding goals, for different production systems of Nelore cattle. Two types of production systems (cow-calf and complete breeding cycles) were simulated for two types of herds. Herd 1 was defined as a nucleus herd (where selection was carried out and a percentage of animals were also raised for commercial purposes), with cow-calf (Cc), complete breeding cycle (Cbc) and complete breeding cycle with sales of animals for reproduction (CbcR). Herd 2 was defined as an exclusively commercial herd, with cow-calf cycle (Cc) and complete breeding cycle (Cbc). Using a bio-economic model, economic values were calculated for the following traits: weaning weight (WW), weaning rate (WR), mature weight (MW), average daily gain in feed-lot (DAG), slaughter (WS) and carcass weights (WC), young bulls' final weight (FWYB), dressing percentage (DP), feed-lot (FLFI) and pasture feed intakes (PFI). The economic values for Cbc and CbcR (herds 1 and 2) ranged from R$ 0.34 to R$ 0.40 for WW, R$ 3.51 to R$ 10.15 for WR, -R$ 0.16 to R$ 0.09 for MW, R$ 0.32 to R$ 0.76 for FLFI, R$ 1.09 to R$ 1.17 for WS; R$ 2.03 to R$ 2.19 for WC, R$ 23.89 to R$ 28.61 for YG, R$ 11.85 for FWYB, - R$ 0.45 for FLFI and - R$ 0.03 for PFI. WR and DP presented the largest impacts on annual profits in both herds. Sensitivity analyses indicated that, in general, possible changes in prices of production components and products would exert a greater influence on the economic values for those production systems with higher prices in the basic situation.
Economic values were calculated to evaluate the economic importance of possible traits to be included in breeding goals, for different production systems of Nelore cattle. Two types of production systems (cow-calf and complete breeding cycles) were simulated for two types of herds. Herd 1 was defined as a nucleus herd (where selection was carried out and a percentage of animals were also raised for commercial purposes), with cow-calf (Cc), complete breeding cycle (Cbc) and complete breeding cycle with sales of animals for reproduction (CbcR). Herd 2 was defined as an exclusively commercial herd, with cow-calf cycle (Cc) and complete breeding cycle (Cbc). Using a bio-economic model, economic values were calculated for the following traits: weaning weight (WW), weaning rate (WR), mature weight (MW), average daily gain in feed-lot (DAG), slaughter (WS) and carcass weights (WC), young bulls' final weight (FWYB), dressing percentage (DP), feed-lot (FLFI) and pasture feed intakes (PFI). The economic values for Cbc and CbcR (herds 1 and 2) ranged from R$ 0.34 to R$ 0.40 for WW, R$ 3.51 to R$ 10.15 for WR, -R$ 0.16 to R$ 0.09 for MW, R$ 0.32 to R$ 0.76 for FLFI, R$ 1.09 to R$ 1.17 for WS; R$ 2.03 to R$ 2.19 for WC, R$ 23.89 to R$ 28.61 for YG, R$ 11.85 for FWYB, - R$ 0.45 for FLFI and - R$ 0.03 for PFI. WR and DP presented the largest impacts on annual profits in both herds. Sensitivity analyses indicated that, in general, possible changes in prices of production components and products would exert a greater influence on the economic values for those production systems with higher prices in the basic situation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
complete breeding cycle, cow-calf cycle, Feed management, Nelore, sensitivity analysis, Análise de sensibilidade, ciclo completo, ciclo de cria, Manejo alimentar, Nelore
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 36, n. 5, p. 1549-1558, 2007.