Artigos - Economia, Sociologia e Tecnologia - FCA

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Application of MQL with cooled air and wheel cleaning jet for greener grinding process
(2023-03-01) Daniel, Douglas Maiochi [UNESP]; Moraes, Douglas Lyra de [UNESP]; Garcia, Mateus Vinicius [UNESP]; Lopes, José Claudio [UNESP]; Rodriguez, Rafael Lemes [UNESP]; Ribeiro, Fernando Sabino Fonteque [UNESP]; Sanchez, Luiz Eduardo de Angelo [UNESP]; Bianchi, Eduardo Carlos [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Metalworking fluids (MWF) or flooded process based on mineral oil are widely used in industry, which is unsustainable and causes damage to employees and the environment, in addition to making up a significant part of the machining cost. On the other hand, abrasive machining methods, such as grinding, are increasingly used for their excellent finish and geometric precision but use large quantities of metalworking fluids. This work evaluates the alternative methods Minimum Lubricant Quantity (MQL), MQL + Cooled Air (CA), MQL + Wheel Cleaning Jet (WCJ), and MQL + Cooled WCJ in the grinding of AISI 4340 steel compared to the application of flooded process. Surface roughness, roundness error, G ratio, grinding power, specific energy, microhardness, cost per piece, and carbon emission tests were applied. From the results, MQL reduced the cost of grinding around 90% and carbon emission by 67% compared to grinding with flooded process. The MQL + CWCJ produced the best results of surface quality compared to other alternative techniques, significantly approaching the results of the flooded process.
Avaliação econômica da alimentação de tilápias em tanques-rede com níveis de proteína e energia digestíveis
(Inst Pesca, 2014-01-01) Koch, João Fernando Albers; Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui [UNESP]; Barros, Margarida Maria [UNESP]; Carvalho, Pedro Luiz Pucci Figueiredo de [UNESP]; Fernandes Junior, Ademir Calvo [UNESP]; Teixeira, Caroline Pelegrina [UNESP]; Pezzato, Luiz Edivaldo [UNESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
We evaluated the economic responses of Nile tilapia in the final stage (450 to 800 g) fed diets containing five levels of digestible protein (DP): 20, 23, 26, 29 and 32% and two digestible energy levels (DE): 3,000 and 3,300 kcal kg(-1) based on the sale of whole animals or fillet. This experiment was carried out into 50 m(3) net cages in an aquaculture area located in Paranapanema River, Palmital - Sao Paulo State, Brazil, from November 21st, 2010 to January 21st. Economic performance indicators were: gross revenue, partial production cost, net revenue, leveling point, balance point, benefit cost ratio and cost of feed kg(-1) gain. Twenty-nine percent of DP and 3,000 kcal DE kg(-1) diet provided better economic performance for sale of whole fish, meaning higher net revenue (R$ 23.09 net cage(-1)) and benefit cost ratio (1.08), besides the lowest balance point (R$ 3.91 kg-1). Thirty-two percent of DP and 3,000 kcal DE kg-1 diet provided the lowest cost of feed kg(-1) (R$ 2.53), leveling point (17.35 kg net cage(-1)) and balance point (R$ 13.63 kg(-1)), besides the highest benefit cost ratio (1.54) when the fish were sold in fillet form. Diets with 29% and diet with 32% digestible protein, both of them with 3,000 kcal of digestible energy kg(-1) diet provides better economic responses in Nile tilapia reared in net cages (450 to 800 g), to be sold, respectively, whole or fillets form.
Um estudo sobre a renda bruta de estabelecimentos rurais familiares de municípios da região Nova Alta Paulista, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
(2016-01-01) Pinto, Leonardo de Barros [UNESP]; de Oliveira, Sandra Cristina [UNESP]; Higuchi, Mauricio Endo [UNESP]; Muchiuti, Julianna Coracini [UNESP]; dos Santos, Gabriela Dezan [UNESP]; Bianchi, Vinícius Rafael [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Sustainable development, generation of employment and income, food security and regional development, along with the search for efficiency, represent strong influence against the growing importance of family farming. In this context, there is the emergence of new exploration strategies and the development of new management models of family farms. The aim of this work was to examine the different ways of generating income of family farms in three municipalities of the New Alta Paulista Region, which is situated at São Paulo state, Brazil, from the characteristics of those farms and the participation of farm and non-farm activities on family production systems. As a methodological analysis, was used multiple linear regression considering several explicative variables for the response variable, total gross income (TGI). The study showed that the variables a) ratio of farm income and TGI, b) total area of the farm, c) ratio of income earned through retirement and, or, pension and TGI, d) ratio of total number of animals and area of the farm, and, e) diversification index were considered the most significant variables (at significance level of 5%) for explaining the TGI.
Manufacturing process linked to the MQL compared to flood lubrication applied to the grinding of VP50IM steel using black silicon carbide wheel
(2022-01-01) Lopes, José Claudio [UNESP]; Ribeiro, Fernando Sabino Fonteque; Linkevicius, Stasys Antônio Salermo [UNESP]; De Souza Rodrigues, Matheus [UNESP]; De Souza, Rodrigo Ráfaga [UNESP]; Sato, Bruno Kenta [UNESP]; De Moraes, Douglas Lyra [UNESP]; Garcia, Mateus Vinicius [UNESP]; De Angelo Sanchez, Luiz Eduardo [UNESP]; Bianchi, Eduardo Carlos [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Federal Institute of Paraná
The VP50IM steels were developed to manufacture molds for thermoplastics injection and dies for thermoplastics extrusion. This article compares the grinding of VP50IM steel with black silicon carbide grinding wheel using the flood method and the minimum quantity of lubricant system (MQL) using feed rates of 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mm/min. The output parameters analyzed were surface roughness (Ra), roundness error, diametrical wheel wear, tangential cutting force, metallography, microhardness, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cost analysis, and CO2 emission. The results revealed that the conventional system, due to its higher lubri-refrigerant capacity, provided a better performance compared to the MQL system. Furthermore, the lower feed rates provided superior results than higher feed rates. On the other hand, the results related to the cost and pollution show a superiority of the MQL system due to the lower use of lubricants. In addition, a higher feed rate was a determining factor in achieving a reduction in pollution and process cost.
Novel comparison concept between CBN and Al2O3 grinding process for eco-friendly production
(2022-01-01) Sato, Bruno Kenta [UNESP]; Lopes, José Claudio [UNESP]; Rodriguez, Rafael Lemes [UNESP]; Garcia, Mateus Vinicius [UNESP]; Mia, Mozammel; Ribeiro, Fernando Sabino Fonteque [UNESP]; Sanchez, Luiz Eduardo De Angelo [UNESP]; Aguiar, Paulo Roberto [UNESP]; Bianchi, Eduardo Carlos [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Imperial College London
Minimal Quantity of Lubrication was developed to achieve green manufacturing in machining process. In this study, parameters of cutting fluid flow, grinding wheel type and wheel cleaning system were evaluated to achieve the maximum potential of this technique in grinding process. The comparison of super abrasive (CBN) and conventional (Al2O3) grinding wheel, the cutting fluid flow (30 ml/h, 60 ml/h and 120 ml/h), and the wheel cleaning system were analyzed based on: surface roughness, roundness errors, grinding wheel wear, confocal of grounded surface, grinding power, acoustic emission and workpiece microscopy. In a novel way, this study compared the costs per piece and the carbon footprint in terms of CO2 emission for both abrasive tool application. For all the parameters analyzed, the CBN grinding with MQL outperformed the Al2O3 grinding, showing a superior performance not only in terms of surface finishing, on average, 29% lower surface roughness and dimensional deviation 9% lower but also regarding tool efficiencies, such as 127% lower diametrical wear, 42% lower acoustic emission, and 13% lower grinding power. Despite that, the cost per piece was also evaluated for the different lubri-cooling conditions and tools, and the cost per piece recorded for Al2O3 grinding was substantially lower than CBN grinding, irrespective of the lubri-cooling method employed. The cost of grinding for all MQL techniques analyzed with aluminum oxide wheel was, on average, 72% less than grinding with CBN wheel. Besides, the conventional method with the CBN wheel was 7% more expensive than the aluminum oxide wheel.
Productivity and costs of Feller-Buncher and forest processor in stands of Eucalyptus in first cut
(2014-07-01) Simões, Danilo [UNESP]; Fenner, Paulo Torres [UNESP]; Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The rationalization of forest harvesting and minimization costs is a constant search by the managers involved in this process, making them decide practices which are economically viable to optimize that operation. This study aimed to evaluate technically and economically the performance of feller-buncher and the forest processor in stands of Eucalyptus in first cut. The technique analysis included time and movements, productivity, efficiency operational and mechanical availability. The economic analysis included the parameters operational cost, harvesting cost and energy consumption. Aiming the optimization the cost of forest harvesting, the system composed by feller-buncher and processor forest presented itself as a technically and economically viable alternative to harvesting eucalypt in first cut or stands that do not have bifurcated trees.
Método simples para quantificar o metabolismo aeróbio e anaeróbio de levedura alcoólica
(2013-12-31) Filho, Waldemar Gastoni Venturini [UNESP]; Brunelli, Luciana Trevisan [UNESP]; Toniato, Juliano [UNESP]; Nojimoto, Toshio [UNESP]; Novaes, Fernando Valadares; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
The objective of this work was to quantify aerobic (respiration) and anaerobic (alcoholic fermentation) metabolisms of yeasts during the fermentation of two musts made from sugarcane or molasses by using one simple stoichiometric method. The experiment was conducted on three treatments (soluble solids content for the musts) and three repetitions adding up to nine parcels for each type of must (molasses and sugarcane juice). Molasses were diluted into water producing musts with 10, 20 e 30 °Brix, while for sugarcane either water or granulated sugar was added to the juice for the same purpose. Musts were inoculated using dry bakery yeast (100 g/L) and let to ferment under room temperature. CO2 and ethanol masses were determined throughout all the fermentation to quantify metabolized sugars (fermented and respired), using stoichiometric calculations. Results showed that during the process, yeasts catabolized sugar by both aerobic and anaerobic pathways, whereas the anaerobic prevailed. Fermentation rate, for the molasses must, ranged from 80.02% (10 °Brix) to 91.58% (30 °Brix) while for the sugarcane, from 83.17% (10 °Brix) to 89.16% (30 °Brix), which indicates that the Crabtree effect was present.
Economic valuation of collecting water to billing in the aspersion irrigated bean in the no tillage system and conventional crop
(2012-01-01) de Castro Salvestro, Alexandre; Nagaoka, Marilda da Penha Teixeira [UNESP]; Lemos, Leandro Borges [UNESP]; Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui [UNESP]; Martins, Carla Maria [UNESP]; Sá, Raquel Andrade; da Silva, Carolina Amaral Tavares; da Silva, Tiago Roque Benetoli; Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The law's project n.676/2000 approved the collecting of billing water for farmers in a maximum foreseen value of US$ 0.01 m-3 of extracted water in the São Paulo State. As the irrigated agriculture is the activity that consumes more water, the farmers profitability can be affected. This work was to analyze the economic impact of billing water in the aspersion irrigated bean crop to consider the system of conventional production and no tillage system in the Paranapanema municipal district, São Paulo State, Brazil. The indicators used to analyze the economic results were unit variable cost, market price and unit profitability. The results showed that for the aspersion irrigated bean crop in conventional system, the participation of cost to the recourse water in cost variable totality was of 2.5% and in no tillage system the participation was of 2.2%. The fall of profitability just the billing water in conventional crop system and in no tillage system was US$ 0.01 kg-1.
Economic viability of nutrient management practices for banana crop
(2011-01-01) Furlaneto, Fernanda de Paiva Badiz; Martins, Adriana Novais; Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui [UNESP]; Unidade de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento; Pólo Médio Paranapanema; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Proper fertilizing management, in order to optimize fruit quality and yield, is a relevant stage on the production process to the rural entrepreneur profitability. So, the aim of this study was to analyze the economic feasibility of five nutrient management practices for banana crop, Cavendish cultivars, in the Médio Paranapanema region, São Paulo State, Brazil, in 2009/2010. The effective operational cost (EOC) and total operational cost (TOC) structures and three profitability indicators were used. Significant differences were observed among the management systems, and the system that resulted in major economic advantage to the producer provided an average profit rate 25.6% higher than other treatments, with total net revenue about 29.5% higher than other management types. The unitary cost was lower for the most profitable nutrient management practice, although the yieldwas 9.5% lower than the management system that presented the highest yield levels.
Eficiência Econômica do Bicultivo de Peixes Em Viveiros Escavados Na Região Paulista do Médio Paranapanema
(2009-12-01) Furlaneto, Fernanda de Paiva Badiz; Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui [UNESP]; Bueno, Osmar de Carvalho [UNESP]; Ayroza, Luiz Marques da Silva; Desenvolvimento Tecnológico do Médio Paranapanema; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The study assessed the economic efficiency of the pacu with the piauçu cultivation in fishponds hollowed in the Middle Paranapanema region, State of São Paulo, 2007/08 crop. It was used the structures of the effective operational cost (EOC) and total operational cost (TOC) and five profitability indicators economic. The TOC per cycle ha-1 were US$ 12,182.90. The production cost of the pacu and of the piauçu it was US$ 1.20 kg-1 and US$ 1.40 kg-1, respectively. The gross income were US$ 17,077.30 ha-1, operational profit US$ 4,894.30 ha-1, gross margins 43.8% and profitability rate 30.3%. The break even point 6,125.40 kg ha-1 for the pacu and 805.90 kg ha-1 for the piauçu. The viable minimum module corresponded to 0,5 ha of mirror of water. Considering that in the Medium Paranapanema region the medium area of mirror of water for producer is of 0,6 ha, it was ended that this policulture is an alternative of income for enterprising rural regional.
Influências de dietas ricas em ácidos graxos saturados e insaturados sobre o miocárdio de ratos
(2007-03-01) Pinotti, Matheus Fécchio [UNESP]; Silva, Maeli Dal-Pai [UNESP]; Sugizaki, Mário Mateus [UNESP]; Novelli, Yeda Santana Diniz [UNESP]; Sant'Ana, Lea Sílvia [UNESP]; Aragon, Flávio Ferrari [UNESP]; Padovani, Carlos Roberto [UNESP]; Novelli, Ethel Lourenzi Barbosa [UNESP]; Cicogna, Antonio Carlos [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Objectives: To study the influence of saturated (SFA) and unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) rich diets on mechanical function, morphology and oxidative stress in rat myocardium. Methods: Male, 60-day-old Wistar rats were fed a control (n=8), a SFA (n=8), or a UFA-rich diet (n=8) for sixty days. Mechanical function was studied in isolated left ventricle papillary muscle under isometric and isotonic contractions, in basal conditions (1.25mM calcium chloride) and after 5.2mM calcium chloride and beta-adrenergic stimuli with 1.0μM isoproterenol. Left ventricle fragments were used to study oxidative stress and morphology under light and electron microscopy. Results: SFA and UFA-rich diets did not change myocardium mechanical function. Both diets caused oxidative stress, with high lipid hydroperoxide and low superoxide-dismutase concentrations. UFA rich diet decreased catalase expression and SFA rich diet decreased the amount of myocardial glutathione-peroxidase. Both diets promoted light ultrastructural injuries such as lipid deposits and cell membrane injuries. Conclusion: Results suggest that SFA and UFA rich diets do not alter isolated muscle mechanical function, but promote light myocardial morphological injuries and oxidative stress.
Custo de produção e rentabilidade de abacaxizeiro cv. pérola em cassilândia (ms), sob diferentes doses de potássio
(2012-11-19) dos Reis, Luis Lessi [UNESP]; Tarsitano, Maria Aparecida Anselmo [UNESP]; Hiraki, Simone Silva [UNESP]; Bardiviesso, Diógenes Martins [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The pineapple crop are high potential for economic expression and social, but problems with productivity and management of production costs can be solved in order to ensure the sustainability of the farming system. The objective of this study was determine the cost of production and profitability of the pineapple's cultivation Pearl in Cassilândia-MS, under application of potassium doses fertilizer. The treatments consisted of the following doses of potassium (K2O): 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 kg ha-1, used as a commercial source of potassium chloride (60% K2O). Were determined by estimating the effective operational cost (EOC), total operating cost (TOC), gross (RB), operating profitability (LO), profitability index (%), productivity of balance and equilibrium price. It was found that all treatments had operating profitability and positive profitability index. Potassium fertilization with 200 kg ha-1 gave an average productivity of 50416.58 kg ha-1, and also promoted the highest operating profit of R$ 9,108.97, the profit margin of 36.13% and best benefit cost (R$ 1.57).
Zebrafish as an alternative animal model in human and animal vaccination research
(Springer, 2020-05-07) Bailone, Ricardo Lacava [UNESP]; Fukushima, Hirla Costa Silva; Ventura Fernandes, Bianca Helena; De Aguiar, Luis Kluwe; Correa, Tatiana; Janke, Helena; Grejo Setti, Princia; Roca, Roberto De Oliveira [UNESP]; Borra, Ricardo Carneiro; Fed Inspect Serv; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Harper Adams Univ
Much of medical research relies on animal models to deepen knowledge of the causes of animal and human diseases, as well as to enable the development of innovative therapies. Despite rodents being the most widely used research model worldwide, in recent decades, the use of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) model has exponentially been adopted among the scientific community. This is because such a small tropical freshwater teleost fish has crucial genetic, anatomical and physiological homology with mammals. Therefore, zebrafish constitutes an excellent experimental model for behavioral, genetic and toxicological studies which unravels the mechanism of various human diseases. Furthermore, it serves well to test new therapeutic agents, such as the safety of new vaccines. The aim of this review was to provide a systematic literature review on the most recent studies carried out on the topic. It presents numerous advantages of this type of animal model in tests of efficacy and safety of both animal and human vaccines, thus highlighting gains in time and cost reduction of research and analyzes.
Especificidades institucionais / regionais no conceito de competitividade
(Escola de Administração da Universidade Federal da Bahia, 1999-12) Perosa, José Matheus Yalenti [UNESP]; Baiardi, Amilcar; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Universidade Federal da Bahia
This paper aims to discuss the concept of the competitiviness being taken I into consideration important institucional aspects. To do so a review of studies that discuss the concept strictly from an economic point of view and their limits in a context of transformation of the current world. Due to markets reorganization and to the new sources of competitiveness, the perspective of working with a wider concept that facilitates an articulation between economy and social organization opens up. Although of smaller operational power, that perspective offers alternative for analysis of the new competitiveness sources, as cultural, institutional and geographic aspects.
Produtividade e custos do feller-buncher e processador florestal em povoamento de eucalipto de primeiro corte1
(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014) Simões, Danilo [UNESP]; Fenner, Paulo Torres [UNESP]; Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The rationalization of forest harvesting and minimization costs is a constant search by the managers involved in this process, making them decide practices which are economically viable to optimize that operation. This study aimed to evaluate technically and economically the performance of feller-buncher and the forest processor in stands of eucalypts in first cut. The technique analysis included time and movements, productivity, efficiency operational and mechanical availability. The economic analysis included the parameters operational cost, harvesting cost and energy consumption. Aiming the optimization the cost of forest harvesting, the system composed by feller-buncher and processor forest presented itself as a technically and economically viable alternative to harvesting eucalypt in first cut or stands that do not have bifurcated trees.
Effect of burnishing on Inconel 718 workpiece surface heated by infrared radiation
(2021-01-01) Casarin, Samuel José [UNESP]; De Angelo Sanchez, Luiz Eduardo [UNESP]; Bianchi, Eduardo Carlos [UNESP]; Scalon, Vicente Luiz [UNESP]; Fragelli, Renan Luis [UNESP]; De Godoi, Eduardo Luiz [UNESP]; Cindra Fonseca, Maria Da Penha; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Fluminense Federal University - UFF
Roller burnishing process is a post-machining surface finishing technique that has an advantage over other finishing processes, such as shot blasting or abrasive-tooling processes, because of its simplicity and excellent results (both improved surface finish and improving the mechanical properties of the material). Roller burnishing allows you to eliminate the part grinding step. Nickel super alloys, in turn, including the Inconel 718 have wide application in the aerospace industry due to their high fatigue strength and their ability to work at elevated temperatures. The Inconel 718 shows a predominantly austenitic matrix (γ phase), which under the burnishing process trends to produce an increase in hardness and residual stress. This paper is the result of research on the influence of the conventional roller rolling process at room temperature and at 310°C on a turned part of Inconel 718. Results of surface roughness, roundness deviation, microhardness, residual stress, and deformation of the material under a load of 850 N were analyzed. The obtained results prove the improvement of the material properties after the roller burnishing process: lower values of surface roughness, higher roundness deviation in conventional burnishing, higher surface hardness and higher compressive residual stress in hot burnished specimen.
Economic feasibility of electrical power cogeneration from forestry biomass in an engineered wood panel industrial facility
(2021-04-01) Souza, André Gustavo Oliveira [UNESP]; De Barbosa, Franklin Souza [UNESP]; Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui [UNESP]; Guerra, Saulo Phillipe Sebastião [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The use of sugarcane bagasse, straw, and chaff for electrical power generation in sugar-ethanol mills has been established; more recently, the recovery of forest biomass has been increasing in an attempt to reduce the use of fossil fuels and to increase electrical power generation focused on self-consumption. The potential for power generation in this segment is considerable, but the use of biomass in cogeneration processes depends on an attractive return on investments. This study was designed to analyze the economic feasibility of investment in thermal and electrical power generation equipment that makes it possible to use forest and logging residues and wood chips to replace the current gas-fired power generation in an engineered wood panel industry facility (Scenario 1) or investment only in thermal generation equipment (Scenario 2). Results showed that the investment to replace natural gas with forest biomass is economically viable not only for the generation of both types of energy but also for the generation of thermal energy itself. High costs of energy inputs such as natural gas and electricity for the industry explain the results, despite the requirement for high investments in cogeneration systems.
Institutional arrangements in the commercialization of electric energy from sugarcane biomass in the Brazilian midwest
(2021-01-01) da Silva Garcia, Marli; Vilpoux, Olivier François; Cereda, Marney Pascoli [UNESP]; Universidade Católica Dom Bosco; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Reducing the use of fossil fuels and mitigating environmental impacts justifies the generation of electricity from renewable sources. In Brazil, sugarcane is the biomass that most generates electricity, and Mato Grosso do Sul state accounts for 10% of this electricity. Production can be traded in the spot market, long-term contracts regulated by the Federal Government, or free contracts between companies. Despite these options, only half of the sugarcane industries in Mato Grosso do Sul commercialize electricity. Based on Transaction cost economics, the objective of this work is to identify the most suitable governance structures used in the commercialization of electricity produced by the sugarcane plants in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and to evaluate the institutional environment impact on these structures. A questionnaire was applied to all sugarcane companies in the state, and interviews were conducted with specialists and regulatory agencies. The results indicate that the widespread use of plural forms of governance for the commercialization of energy reduces the risks linked to a weak institutional environment and judicialization of the spot market. The preference for free contracts and a large number of short-term transactions indicate a lack of trust in the existing institutions, with the need to strengthen independent regulatory agencies.
Economic Evaluation of Short Rotation Eucalyptus Plantation Harvesting System: A Case Study
(2017-01-01) Guerra, Saulo Philipe Sebastião [UNESP]; Oguri, Guilherme; Takitane, Izabel Cristina [UNESP]; Caterina, Giulia Lembo [UNESP]; Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Forestry Science and Research Institute (IPEF)
Recently, the New Holland Company brought to Brazil a forager machine to harvest short rotation coppice (SRC) Eucalyptus plantation focusing on high quantity of low-priced woodchips. There are other harvesting machines available on market and each harvesting system has pros and cons. Since, in general, the harvesting and chipping costs represents the main operational costs, evaluating the economic feasibility of the chosen harvesting system is crucial. Therefore, a case study was conducted to analyse the cost of this new system in Brazil that uses a modified forager harvester and a pulled-tractor silage trailer in SRC Eucalyptus plantation. The cost analysis methodology was adapted from ASABE and the costs obtained were determined in two units: cost per time and quantity harvested in oven-dry ton (odt). The system’s effective field productivity and productivity were 0.44 ha h–1 and 31.0 odt h–1, respectively. The harvest system’s total operational cost was € 258 pmh–1 or € 18.9 odt–1 and the harvester machine was the largest contributor of total cost with fixed total cost of € 87 pmh–1 and € 6.4 odt–1. In spite of high labor charges values and high exchange rates in Brazil, the total estimated cost was cheaper than the ones found in temperate countries. From the total cost, depreciation and fuel consumption were the biggest influences. Thus, the experience levels of the harvester and tractor operators are crucial to this system economy.
Economic Efficiency of Mechanized Harvesting of Sugarcane at Different Operating Speeds
(2021-04-01) Martins, Murilo Battistuzzi; Filho, Aldir Carpes Marques [UNESP]; Drudi, Fernanda Scaranello [UNESP]; Bortolheiro, Fernanda Pacheco de Almeida Prado; Vendruscolo, Eduardo Pradi; Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Sugarcane is highlighted in Brazilian agribusiness; however, some operations must be investigated from a technical and economic point of view, such as harvesting. The objective of this work was to estimate the cost of a sugarcane harvester as a function of its operational performance. The experiment was carried out in a sugar and alcohol unit in Tietê-SP/Brazil. The harvest occurred without prior burning of sugarcane field, in an area with an estimated productivity of 92.5 Mg ha−1. The operational and energetic performance of the machine were evaluated and the cost of operation at three working speeds (3.0, 5.0 and 7.0 km h−1) was estimated. It was observed that the work speed is related to the operational costs, volumetric fuel consumption accounted for 41–49% of total operation costs, while depreciation of the machine accounted for 14–17%, and repair and maintenance costs 11–14%. Results showed that the average speed of 7 km h−1 was the one that presented the best economic performance in harvesting operation. Travel speeds significantly affected the operational performance of sugarcane harvester and showed a positive correlation with volumetric fuel consumption. Field capacity and variable costs were proportional to the working speeds. The biggest impact on harvester costs were the volumetric fuel consumption, the depreciation of the agricultural machine and the costs with repairs and maintenance of the harvester.

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