Alterações bioquímicas, morfofisiológicas e produtivas em genótipos de arroz em dois regimes hídricos
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Data
2012-08-29
Autores
Silva, Ana Cláudia de Lima [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A deficiência hídrica é um dos fatores que mais limita a produtividade do arroz de terras altas. Desta forma, a cultura do arroz deve ser inserida num sistema de produção mais eficiente com a adoção de um melhor nível de tecnologia, que inclui, se necessário, o uso de irrigação suplementar e genótipos mais adaptadas a esses períodos de deficiência hídrica com alto potencial de produtividade. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar características agronômicas, morfológicas, fisiológicas e bioquímicas de genótipos de arroz de terras altas com divergência quanto à tolerância à deficiência hídrica. Para tanto, foram realizados experimentos em casa de vegetação e no campo. Foram avaliados seis genótipos (Guarani, BRS Soberana, BRA 01600, Carreon, IRRI 2, IRRI 33). Em casa de vegetação foi conduzido um experimento, em delineamento de blocos casualizados e com cinco repetições. Os genótipos constituíram as parcelas, que foram semeados em tubos de PVC com solo, de 25 cm de diâmetro e 100 cm de altura, formados de cinco anéis de 20 cm de altura, que constituíram as subparcelas onde foram avaliadas as raízes. O tratamento sem deficiência hídrica foi mantido sob condições ideais de umidade no solo, potencial mátrico maior que – 0,025 MPa a 15 cm de profundidade durante todo o ciclo da planta e o segundo com deficiência hídrica a partir da emissão de panículas até a colheita (reposição de aproximadamente 50% da água evapotranspirada). Adicionamente foram conduzidos experimentos por dois anos em condições de campo, com e sem deficiência hídrica. Foi adotado o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 2x6. Os genótipos foram semeados em parcelas de dez fileiras de cinco metros de comprimento e espaçadas de 40 cm. O tratamento sem deficiência hídrica...
Water stress is a factor that limits the productivity of upland rice the most. Thus, rice should be inserted into a production system more efficient by adopting a higher level of technology, including, if necessary, the use of supplemental irrigation and genótipos better adapted to these periods of water shortage with high potential productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic, morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of genotypes of upland rice with a focus on drought tolerance. In order to evaluated the six genotypes, experiments were performed in greenhouse and field. The greenhouse experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with four backlights and repetitions. The genotypes were in plots which were planted in PVC tubes with soil, 25 cm in diameter and 100 cm in height, which formed five rings of 20 cm, which constituted the subplots where the roots were evaluated. The first treatment was kept under ideal conditions of soil moisture, matric potential greater than - 0.025 MPa at 15 cm depth throughout the plant cycle. The second plot water deficit from the issuance of panicle until harvest (approximately 50 replacement % of water transpired). It was adopted from a randomized block design with four replications in experiments conducted under field conditions. The genotypes were planted in plots of ten rows of five meters long and spaced 40 cm. The experiments were conducted in two different water environments. The environment that was not water deficit, as well as in a greenhouse experiment was good water conditions throughout the crop season. Water stress in field experiment was applied after 30 days after emergence (DAE). We evaluated the productivity, morphology in the water absorption of the root system, stomatal sensitivity, photosynthetic rate and activity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Water stress is a factor that limits the productivity of upland rice the most. Thus, rice should be inserted into a production system more efficient by adopting a higher level of technology, including, if necessary, the use of supplemental irrigation and genótipos better adapted to these periods of water shortage with high potential productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic, morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of genotypes of upland rice with a focus on drought tolerance. In order to evaluated the six genotypes, experiments were performed in greenhouse and field. The greenhouse experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with four backlights and repetitions. The genotypes were in plots which were planted in PVC tubes with soil, 25 cm in diameter and 100 cm in height, which formed five rings of 20 cm, which constituted the subplots where the roots were evaluated. The first treatment was kept under ideal conditions of soil moisture, matric potential greater than - 0.025 MPa at 15 cm depth throughout the plant cycle. The second plot water deficit from the issuance of panicle until harvest (approximately 50 replacement % of water transpired). It was adopted from a randomized block design with four replications in experiments conducted under field conditions. The genotypes were planted in plots of ten rows of five meters long and spaced 40 cm. The experiments were conducted in two different water environments. The environment that was not water deficit, as well as in a greenhouse experiment was good water conditions throughout the crop season. Water stress in field experiment was applied after 30 days after emergence (DAE). We evaluated the productivity, morphology in the water absorption of the root system, stomatal sensitivity, photosynthetic rate and activity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Antioxidantes, Arroz de sequeiro, Cereais, Plantas - Resistencia a seca, Produtividade agrícola, Antioxidants
Como citar
SILVA, Ana Cláudia de Lima. Alterações bioquímicas, morfofisiológicas e produtivas em genótipos de arroz em dois regimes hídricos. 2012. xii, 92 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.