Transformação do glicerol em compostos de interesse petroquímico catalisada por zeólitas com ordem hierárquica de poros
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Data
2013-07-29
Autores
Possato, Luiz Gustavo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As propriedades catalíticas de zeólitas micro e micro-mesoporoas foram avaliadas pela desidratação do glicerol em fase gasosa. A dessilicação foi a metodologia utilizada para criar mesoporos nas zeólitas, diminuir as limitações difusionais e aumentar a conversão de glicerol devido a esse sistema hierárquico de poros criados no cristal zeolítico. A composição química e estrutural dos catalisadores foi estudada por difração de raios-X, isotermas de adsorção-dessorção de nitrogênio, TPD-NH3 e quimissorção de piridina seguida por espectroscopia IV. Embora o objetivo fosse dessilicar para criar mesoporosidade nos cristais zeolíticos, a dessilicação promoveu a firmação de alumínio extra-rede que afeta a conversão e a distribuição dos produtos. Os resultados mostram claramente que zeólitas mesoporosas permitem a rápida difusão e consequentemente melhoram a cinética da reação. Entretanto, uma atenção especial foi dada à dessilicação porque tratamentos severos afetam negativamente, interferindo na distribuição relativa dos sítios ácidos de Brønsted e Lewis e, consequentemente, na ineficiência catalítica promovida por esses materiais. Contudo, durante a reação catalítica, os mesoporos intra-cristalisnos permitem compostos carbonáceos serem depositados dentro dos mesmos, resultando em microporos menos bloqueados por coque e aumentando a sua estabilidade
The catalytic properties of monomodal microporous and bimodal micro-mesoporous zeolites were investigated in the gas-phase dehydration of glycerol. The desilication methodology used to produce the mesoporous zeolites minimized diffusion limitations and increased glycerol conversion in the catalytic reaction due to the hierarchical system of secondary pores created in the zeolite crystals. The chemical and structural properties of the catalyst were studied by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, NH3-TPD and pyridine chemisorption followed by IR-spectroscopy. Although the aim was to desilicate to create mesoporosity in the zeolite crystals, the desilication promoted the formation of extra-framework aluminum species that affected the conversion of glycerol and the products distribution. The results clearly show that the mesoporous zeolites with designed mesopore structure allowed a rapid diffusion and consequently improved the reaction kinetics. However, especial attention must be given to the desilication procedure because the severity of the treatment negatively interfered on the Brønsted and Lewis acid sites relative concentration and, consequently, in the efficiency of the catalysis performed by these materials. On the other hand, during the catalytic reaction, the intracrystalline mesopores allowed carbonaceous compounds to be deposited herein, resulting in less blocked micropores and catalysts with higher long-term stability
The catalytic properties of monomodal microporous and bimodal micro-mesoporous zeolites were investigated in the gas-phase dehydration of glycerol. The desilication methodology used to produce the mesoporous zeolites minimized diffusion limitations and increased glycerol conversion in the catalytic reaction due to the hierarchical system of secondary pores created in the zeolite crystals. The chemical and structural properties of the catalyst were studied by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, NH3-TPD and pyridine chemisorption followed by IR-spectroscopy. Although the aim was to desilicate to create mesoporosity in the zeolite crystals, the desilication promoted the formation of extra-framework aluminum species that affected the conversion of glycerol and the products distribution. The results clearly show that the mesoporous zeolites with designed mesopore structure allowed a rapid diffusion and consequently improved the reaction kinetics. However, especial attention must be given to the desilication procedure because the severity of the treatment negatively interfered on the Brønsted and Lewis acid sites relative concentration and, consequently, in the efficiency of the catalysis performed by these materials. On the other hand, during the catalytic reaction, the intracrystalline mesopores allowed carbonaceous compounds to be deposited herein, resulting in less blocked micropores and catalysts with higher long-term stability
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Palavras-chave
Tecnologia quimica, Zeolitos, Glicerina, Glycerin
Como citar
POSSATO, Luiz Gustavo. Transformação do glicerol em compostos de interesse petroquímico catalisada por zeólitas com ordem hierárquica de poros. . 80 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Química de Araraquara, .